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Product Name: Tetranitronaphthalene
Chemical Family: Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Compound
Synonyms: 1,3,6,8-Tetranitronaphthalene
CAS Number: 13027-22-0
Recommended Use: Explosive manufacturing, chemical synthesis intermediate
Manufacturer: Safety Chemicals International, 1222 Research Ave, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Emergency Telephone: +1-800-424-9300 (CHEMTREC)
Classification: Explosive (Division 1.1), Acute Toxicity (Oral, Dermal, Inhalation), Eye Irritation, Skin Irritation, Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Repeated Exposure
Hazard Statements: Heating or friction may cause explosion. Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin, or inhaled. Causes serious eye and skin irritation. May damage organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
Pictograms: Exploding bomb, Skull and crossbones, Exclamation mark, Health hazard
Signal Word: Danger
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames. Avoid breathing dust. Wear protective gloves, clothing, eye, and face protection. Seek immediate medical attention in case of contact.
Chemical Name: 1,3,6,8-Tetranitronaphthalene
Formula: C10H4N4O8
Concentration: 98%-100% by weight
Impurities: Possible traces of dinitronaphthalene or trinitronaphthalene (less than 2%)
Hazardous Components: None other than the main ingredient
Inhalation: Remove from exposure area. Move to fresh air. Call poison control or physician immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Skin Contact: Take off contaminated clothing. Immediately wash skin with plenty of water and soap. Seek medical attention for irritation or burns.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes keeping eyelids open. Do not rub eyes. Urgently consult a physician.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Give nothing by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical help without delay.
Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, nausea, cyanosis, skin discoloration, respiratory distress, possible organ damage.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, flooding quantities of water for large fires. Never use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide—these may cause detonation.
Specific Hazards: Violent explosion risk. Decomposes to toxic nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides under heat.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full turnout gear and self-contained breathing apparatus required. Shield personnel from blast.
Special Instructions: Evacuate area within 500 meters. Approach from upwind. Do not attempt to move product containers. Cool surrounding containers with flooding water, even after fire is out.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate all non-essential personnel. Remove sources of ignition. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical-resistant gloves, and suit.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into waterways, drains, and sewers. Notify authorities of large releases.
Containment and Clean-up: Avoid generating dust. Dampen with water to prevent scattering. Use non-sparking, non-metal tools to carefully sweep up. Place in lead-lined or explosion-proof containers for disposal. Do not wash remains into drains. Ventilate affected area thoroughly before reentry.
Handling: Handle only in small quantities under strict control. Ground all equipment to discharge static. Protect from shock, friction, and rough handling. Work in a well-ventilated place with nonsparking tools.
Storage: Store in a secure, dry, cool, well-ventilated magazine away from all sources of ignition, heat, and incompatible materials. Separate from acids, alkalis, reducing agents, and combustibles. Keep containers tightly closed. Restrict access to trained personnel.
Incompatibilities: Strong reducing agents, combustible materials, acids, alkalis, ammonia, metals like aluminum or copper fittings.
Occupational Exposure Limits: NIOSH REL: 0.1 mg/m³ (8-hour TWA; skin)
Engineering Controls: Use only in a chemical fume hood with explosion-proof exhaust. Local exhaust ventilation required.
Personal Protection: Full chemical-resistant suit, nitrile gloves, safety goggles with face shield, and certified respiratory protection (full-facepiece PAPR or SCBA for emergencies). Avoid skin contact and inhalation.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face before breaks, after handling, and at end of shift. Remove and wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
Appearance: Pale yellow to orange crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
Molecular Weight: 324.16 g/mol
Melting Point: 289°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable—explodes before boiling
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in acetone, benzene, and concentrated sulfuric acid
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at ambient temperature
Density: 1.88 g/cm³
pH: Not applicable (non-aqueous)
Flash Point: Not determined (explosive hazard dominates)
Partition Coefficient (Log Pow): Estimated 1.9
Decomposition Temperature: Above 289°C with violent decomposition
Chemical Stability: Unstable at elevated temperatures, sensitive to friction, shock, and impact
Reactivity: Reacts violently with strong reducers, heavy metals, and combustibles
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, static discharge, impact, open flames, and exposure to incompatible materials
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Polymerization: Does not polymerize
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Effects: Toxic if swallowed or inhaled; skin absorption possible. Symptoms include cyanosis, methemoglobinemia, tachycardia, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, headache, and shortness of breath.
Chronic Effects: Repeat exposure may cause anemia, central nervous system depression, liver and kidney effects. Suspected carcinogen based on structural alerts from other nitroaromatics.
LD50/LC50: Data limited; extrapolated values suggest oral LD50 (rat): 60-250 mg/kg
Target Organs: Blood, liver, kidneys, nervous system
Sensitization: No confirmed data, but possible based on nitroaromatic family
Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms; may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Persistence and Degradability: Poorly biodegradable; persistent in soil and water systems due to low microbial breakdown
Bioaccumulation Potential: Moderate, based on partition coefficient estimate
Mobility in Soil: Limited, binds to organic matter
Other Adverse Effects: Nitrogen compounds can contribute to eutrophication; may leach into groundwater if handled improperly. No EPA aquatic tox values available, but caution suggested by analogy to related compounds.
Disposal Methods: Treat as hazardous waste. Incineration in a licensed facility recommended only with scrubbing of nitrogen oxide emissions. Do not landfill bulk material.
Contaminated Packaging: Decontaminate containers by thorough rinsing with water, neutralize residues, and dispose via licensed hazardous waste handler.
Regulatory Waste Codes: EPA Hazardous Waste Number D003 (reactive waste), may also qualify under D007 (toxic waste, lead traces)
Other Notes: Never attempt to flush into sewer, waterways, or natural drains. Notify authorities for large-scale quantities.
UN Number: UN 1344
UN Proper Shipping Name: Tetranitronaphthalene, Wet, Desensitized or Tetranitronaphthalene Mixture
Transport Hazard Class: 1.1D (Explosives, up to maximum net quantity as per regulations)
Packing Group: I (highest danger)
Labels Required: Explosive, Toxic
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Transport Notes: Must meet national and international regulations for shipping explosives (49 CFR, IMDG, IATA). Secure isolation required. Transport only in original sealed containers by certified carriers.
OSHA Status: Regulated hazardous material; explosive and toxic under Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR 1910.1200
EPA TSCA Status: Listed on TSCA Inventory
SARA Title III: Section 313 Toxic Chemical; included due to toxicity and environmental risk
RCRA Status: Classified as reactive hazardous waste (40 CFR 261.23)
CERCLA Status: Not listed, but spills exceeding reportable quantities of nitroaromatic compounds must be reported
International Regulations: Covered under ADR, IMDG, IATA for explosives; possible inclusion in EU REACH Annex XVII restrictions
Other Local Requirements: Contact local public safety and environmental agencies before acquisition or disposal; site-specific notice of storage and use usually mandatory.
