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Product Name: Tetraethylammonium Hydroxide
Chemical Formula: C8H21NO
Synonyms: TEAOH, TEA hydroxide solution
CAS Number: 77-98-5
Recommended Uses: Laboratory reagent, chemical synthesis, biochemical research
Manufacturer/Supplier: Commercial laboratory chemical distributors
Contact Information: Customer support or emergency contact as found on supplier label
Emergency Phone: Refer to local poison control or supplier's emergency contact
Classification: Corrosive to skin and eyes, Severe eye damage (Category 1), Acute toxicity (Oral, Category 3), Harmful if inhaled or swallowed
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Harmful if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin. May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Pictograms: Corrosive, Health hazard, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Do not breathe mist, vapors, or spray. Wear proper eye protection, gloves, and protective clothing. Wash exposed skin thoroughly after handling. Store locked up. Use only in a well-ventilated area.
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation triggers coughing, sore throat, even breathing difficulty. Dermal exposure brings redness, pain, blistering. Chronic exposure could damage organs or delay recovery.
Chemical Name: Tetraethylammonium Hydroxide
Common Name: TEAOH
Concentration: Usually supplied as 20-35% w/w aqueous solution
CAS Number: 77-98-5
EC Number: 201-067-2
Impurities: Water forms main solution base; residual trace synthesis by-products may occur
Ingredient Comments: Purity levels and exact concentrations depend on supplier specifications, always check accompanying certificate of analysis
Inhalation: Remove exposed person from danger zone to fresh air. Seek medical attention if breathing problems or symptoms persist. Give oxygen if available and trained to administer.
Skin Contact: Immediately flush affected skin with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes while removing soiled clothing and shoes. Seek immediate medical care.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with plenty of cool water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing, and get medical advice right away.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Never give anything by mouth if victim is unconscious. Seek urgent medical attention.
Most Important Symptoms: Potential for irreversible eye or tissue damage, chemical burns to skin and mucous membranes, respiratory distress, shock in severe cases
General: Call poison control or emergency medical services immediately for significant exposure or accidental ingestion
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Do not use water jets straight on spillage, which may cause dangerous splashing
Special Exposure Hazards: Combustion releases toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, and amines
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Firefighters wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Hazardous Combustion Products: Formed gases may irritate or harm respiratory health; avoid inhalation
Firefighting Advice: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Stay upwind if possible.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel from the area. Ventilate area. Avoid skin and eye contact. Wear eye protection, chemical-resistant gloves, and proper protective clothing.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent chemical from entering drains, watercourses or soil. Contain spilled material. Notify authorities if product enters environment.
Clean-Up Methods: Absorb spillage using inert non-combustible material such as dry sand or earth. Collect in sealable, labeled containers for disposal. Neutralize residual material with dilute acid if safe and competent to do so. Ventilate affected area after cleanup.
Decontamination Procedures: Wash affected surfaces with soap and copious amounts of water following removal of the bulk material.
Disposal: Dispose of collected waste as hazardous chemical waste according to local and national regulations.
Reference for Large Spills: Consult trained emergency response providers or hazmat teams.
Handling Precautions: Use only in fume hoods or well-ventilated spaces. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Avoid all eye and skin contact. Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Technical Measures: Use explosion-proof equipment if working with large volumes or in confined environments.
Incompatible Materials: Avoid strong acids, oxidizing agents, haloalkanes, and metals such as zinc or aluminum. Prevent contact with reactive surfaces.
Safe Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated chemical store, away from heat and sunlight. Protect from freezing. Keep away from food and drink. Store under lock and key, away from incompatible chemicals.
Container Requirements: Corrosion-resistant tightly sealed containers, clearly labeled, with controlled access.
Storage Class: Corrosive substances.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific local exposure standards published; control exposure by engineering means
Engineering Controls: Work in fume hoods or under local exhaust ventilation. Monitor work areas for vapor and mist levels if handling in bulk.
Personal Protective Equipment: Eye/face protection (goggles or face shield), lab coat or chemical-resistant apron, butyl rubber gloves, closed shoes
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-certified respirator in event of inadequate ventilation
Hygiene Measures: Do not eat, drink, or smoke at work. Wash hands and face at end of shifts and before breaks.
Environmental Exposure Controls: Prevent release to the environment through secondary containment and dedicated chemical drainage systems.
Form: Clear to pale yellowish aqueous solution
Color: Colorless to yellowish
Odor: Strong, unpleasant, ammonia-like
pH: Highly basic, pH above 13 in solution
Melting Point: No data for the solution, decomposition likely under freezing
Boiling Point: Water-based solution, boils at or above 100°C depending on concentration
Flash Point: Not flammable under normal conditions
Evaporation Rate: Moderate, similar to water
Vapor Pressure: Not available
Solubility: Fully miscible in water; limited solubility in alcohols
Relative Density: ~1.06-1.09 (varies with concentration)
Viscosity: Slightly more viscous than water
Partition Coefficient: No data available
Decomposition Temperature: Above 130°C (approximate, dependent on water content)
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions (cool, ventilated, airtight container)
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flames, direct sunlight, freezing temperatures
Materials to Avoid: Acidic substances, oxidizing agents, some metals (aluminum, zinc), halogenated hydrocarbons
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Ammonia, tetraethylamine, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides may result if overheated or in contact with strong acids
Hazardous Reactions: Contact with incompatible materials may yield toxic fumes or fire hazards
Polymerization: Not expected under normal conditions.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 71 mg/kg (for 35% solution)
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Strong corrosive action; causes burns and tissue destruction
Eye Damage/Irritation: May cause irreversible vision loss with prolonged or high concentration exposure
Inhalation Risks: May cause coughing, chest tightness, and pulmonary edema
Delayed and Immediate Effects: Delayed symptoms may include severe pain, ulceration, and scarring of skin or eyes
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repetitive contact could cause lasting damage to skin, eyes, or airways
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: Insufficient data from animal/human studies to support classification; treat with strong precaution
Other Effects: Sensitization and allergic response rarely reported
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life by altering pH and releasing amine derivatives
Aquatic Toxicity: EC50 (fish, 96h): 74 mg/L (estimated, limited studies)
Bacterial Toxicity: Can disrupt wastewater treatment microbial ecology at low concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: Breaks down slowly in water, especially at high concentrations; not readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low, as the compound stays soluble in water
Mobility in Soil: Easily migrates through soil, risk to groundwater if released
Other Adverse Effects: Shifts in pH can kill aquatic organisms, disrupt food chains
Waste Handling: Collect unwanted material and residual solutions in compatible containers labeled for hazardous waste
Disposal Methods: Dispose by licensed hazardous waste contractor. Neutralize with dilute acid under controlled conditions if chemist is present.
Local Regulations: Comply with national and local disposal requirements for corrosive substances
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse containers with water prior to disposal or recycling, add rinsate to hazardous waste
Do Not: Release product to drains, surface waters, or soil
Reference: Consult local environmental agency or governmental hazardous waste guidance for detailed instructions
UN Number: UN 2684
Proper Shipping Name: Tetraethylammonium Hydroxide Solution
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II
Labels Required: Corrosive (Class 8)
Marine Pollutant: Not classified as marine pollutant, but take precautions due to known aquatic toxicity
Special Provisions: Transport sealed, upright, inside secondary containment (e.g., plastic drums or crates). Emergency spill kit required for large loads.
Other Requirements: Only trained personnel should handle during loading and unloading. Ensure emergency contact number is displayed.
Inventory Listings: Listed under TSCA (US), EINECS (EU), DSL/NDSL (Canada), AICS (Australia), ENCS (Japan), and other major chemical inventories
Workplace Classification: Corrosive, subject to Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) in UK, OSHA regulation in US, REACH in EU
Labelling: Must be clearly labeled with hazard pictograms as per GHS, EU CLP, OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
Restrictions: Not banned but restricted to qualified users in research and industry
Occupational Exposure Standards: Referenced as a hazardous workplace chemical, local exposure limits may apply
Other Regulations: Employee training and risk assessment required before use. Chemical storage and transportation must comply with international and local law.
