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Chemical Name: Tert-Butyl Chloroacetate
Chemical Formula: C6H11ClO2
CAS Number: 107-59-5
Common Synonyms: t-Butyl Chloroacetate, Chloroacetic acid tert-butyl ester
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a distinct odor
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Class: Acute toxicity (oral and inhalation), skin and eye corrosion
Major Health Risks: Causes severe skin burns and serious eye damage; harmful if swallowed or inhaled; can provoke respiratory irritation; contact can leave lasting skin or ocular injury
Flammability: May be combustible at high temperatures, releasing toxic fumes including hydrogen chloride
Environmental Hazard: Toxic to aquatic life with long-term effects
Main Component: Tert-Butyl Chloroacetate (100%)
Impurities: Trace residuals possible from synthesis, often under 1% by mass
Inhalation: Remove the affected person to fresh air; monitor breathing; medical attention needed if symptoms persist or worsen
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with plenty of water for several minutes; seek medical attention for burning, blistering, or persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open; avoid rubbing; prompt medical care required
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting; seek medical help immediately; never give anything by mouth to an unconscious victim
Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol foam, water spray may be used for larger fires
Specific Hazards: Thermal decomposition produces toxic gases including hydrogen chloride, phosgene and carbon oxides
Personal Protection: Firefighters need full gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Advice for Responders: Cool exposed containers with water spray, prevent run-off entering drains or watercourses
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, equip cleanup crews with chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and organic vapor respirators
Environmental Precautions: Prevent chemical from reaching waterways, soil, or drainage systems; absorb with sand or inert material
Cleanup Procedures: Ventilate area, collect residue in appropriate labeled containers for disposal, wash spill site after material pickup
Handling: Handle in well-ventilated areas, avoid inhaling vapor, prevent contact with skin and eyes by wearing suitable protective clothing; never use near flames, hot surfaces, or sources of ignition
Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers made from compatible materials in cool, dry, ventilated spaces; keep away from acids, bases, oxidizers, and moisture
Storage Class: Chemical storage requirements for corrosive and toxic substances
Other Notes: Label all storage containers clearly and keep them inaccessible to unauthorized personnel
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods, local exhaust ventilation, closed systems, and splash shields
Personal Protection: Wear chemical safety goggles, gloves resistant to chlorinated organics (such as nitrile or neoprene), long sleeves, and, where needed, a face shield
Respiratory Protection: If exposure limits are approached, a NIOSH-certified organic vapor respirator or self-contained breathing apparatus may be necessary
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during use
State: Liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Pungent, ester-like smell
Boiling Point: 129-131°C
Density: 1.069 g/cm³ at 25°C
Solubility: Partially soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: Moderate, increases with heat
Flash Point: Around 45°C (closed cup method; check for latest literature values)
Reactivity: Reacts with water, alcohols, and amines producing corrosive vapors
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions; decomposes with heat, strong acids, or alkalis
Hazardous Reactions: Contact with water produces hydrochloric acid, with amines forms toxic gases, reacts exothermically with bases and strong oxidizers
Incompatible Materials: Avoid contact with water, strong bases, strong oxidizers, strong acids, and alcohols
Thermal Decomposition: Produces hydrogen chloride, phosgene, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Corrosive damage to mucous membranes, burns to exposed skin and eyes, potential for long-term respiratory injury after large exposures
Chronic Effects: Repeated contact may cause dermatitis or sensitization, long-term eye injury if immediate care lacking
Toxic Dose: Oral LD50 in rats typically below 1000 mg/kg; precise values depend on literature and test conditions
Symptoms: Burning, irritation, coughing, blurred vision, blistering, and, at higher doses, systemic signs like nausea and dizziness
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful for aquatic organisms; can result in acute toxicity to fish and invertebrates
Persistence: Not readily biodegradable; hydrolyzes in water forming chloroacetic acid, which has its own hazards
Bioaccumulation: Potential bioaccumulation is low but hydrolysis products may pose a higher risk in the environment
Other Environmental Concerns: May disrupt local water chemistry if spilled in significant amounts
Waste Handling: Treat as hazardous waste; avoid release to sewers, surface waters, or soil
Destruction Method: Incinerate at a permitted facility or use specialized chemical destruction techniques; never pour down the drain
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers with suitable solvent and dispose of both rinsate and container as per regulatory protocols
Shipping Name: Tert-Butyl Chloroacetate
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances), 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Special Precautions: Mark packages with proper hazard labels, keep containers upright, protect from heat, separate from incompatible products
Environmental Hazards: Mark “Marine Pollutant” if applicable; emergency procedures must be in place for road, air, or sea transportation
Chemical Inventory Status: Listed on many national and international inventories like TSCA, EINECS, and similar databases
Workplace Limits: Many agencies do not publish exposure limits for this compound, though general toxic and corrosive limits apply
Labelling: Must display hazard pictograms for acute toxicity, skin corrosion, and aquatic hazard according to GHS standards
Other Regulations: Many countries require reporting large spills or releases under chemical safety and environmental protection rules
