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Product Name: Tert-Amyl Peroxypivalate
Chemical Family: Organic Peroxide
Synonyms: 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxypivalate, Peroxypivalic acid, tert-amyl ester
Recommended Use: Industrial polymerization initiator; used in plastics and coatings manufacturing
Company Identification: Manufacturer and supplier details provided on purchase documentation
Emergency Contact: Emergency numbers tied to national poison control or the distributing company appear on shipping labels
GHS Classification: Organic Peroxide Type C; Flammable Liquid: Category 3; Acute Toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation): Category 4; Skin Irritation: Category 2; Eye Irritation: Category 2A; Specific Target Organ Toxicity: Category 3 (single exposure)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer; harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin, or inhaled; causes skin and serious eye irritation; may cause respiratory irritation
Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark, corrosion
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat and ignition sources, avoid breathing vapors, store away from reducing agents, wear protective equipment, wash skin thoroughly after handling, avoid release to environment
Substance: Mixture
Main Ingredient: Tert-Amyl Peroxypivalate (≤ 77%)
CAS Number: 61849-55-8
Diluent Type B (≥ 23%): Varies by manufacturer, typically an aliphatic hydrocarbon or phthalate ester, non-peroxide
Impurities: Trace stabilizers and inhibitors; identity and quantity checked monthly for quality control
Hazardous Components: All listed peroxides in mixture count as hazardous under OSHA, most diluents labeled non-hazardous unless mixed with heavy aromatic hydrocarbons
Inhalation: Move the exposed person to fresh air immediately, loosely fit breathing assistance if symptoms persist, consult poison control with product specifics
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly using soap and water, monitor for delayed reactions such as redness or irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse carefully with water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses if possible, call a medical professional if irritation develops or vision changes
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek urgent medical attention, provide responder with the container or label for substance confirmation
Advice for Doctors: Symptomatic treatment, observe for delayed effects, treat for chemical burns or respiratory irritation if symptoms appear
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, foam, or large amounts of water for dilution and cooling (avoid carbon dioxide with significant peroxide content)
Unsuitable Agents: Use of water spray may spread product if applied directly; avoid using halogenated foam extinguishers
Specific Hazards: Thermal decomposition releases toxic gases (including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, various hydrocarbons); fire can cause rapid, explosive decomposition; product may reignite after first flame is doused
Protective Equipment: Firefighters wear positive pressure SCBA and chemical splash protective gear; approach upwind and use remote handling tools for containers
Special Procedures: Remove containers from fire area if safe, cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out; evacuate area in the event of major fire due to risk of explosion
Personal Precautions: Evacuate personnel, ventilate area, use full-body chemical splash protection and self-contained breathing apparatus
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spill from contacting soil, drains, or waterways; inform local environmental authorities of significant release
Spill Clean-up: Dike area, absorb spilled liquid with inert, non-combustible, non-reactive material like clay or sand, transfer to safe, vented waste container for proper disposal
Decontamination: Wash area with large quantities of water after removing main spill; avoid mixing spent clean-up materials with combustibles
Disposal: Trained professionals vacuum or sweep up, place waste in containers with loose lids for pressure venting
Safe Handling: Work outdoors or in well-ventilated space, keep away from heat, sparks, and sources of friction, never smoke near material, open containers with caution and avoid splashing or rapid temperature change
Hygiene Measures: Do not eat, drink, or smoke when working with this product, wash hands and forearms after use, remove contaminated clothing before leaving controlled area
Storage Requirements: Store at 2-8°C (refrigerated), keep away from direct sunlight, acids, alkalies, and reducing agents; separate from combustibles and incompatible chemicals
Container Recommendations: Use original vented containers supplied by manufacturer, check for leaks regularly, label clearly to meet hazard communication rules
Volume Limits: Follow local fire code for maximum container and total facility storage limits
Exposure Limits: No OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV for tert-amyl peroxypivalate; check for proprietary workplace standards
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation or fume hoods to control airborne formation of vapors and mists; install explosion-proof electrical equipment in storage and handling areas
Eye/Face Protection: Chemical splash goggles, face shield for high-splash risk
Skin Protection: Solvent-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), lab coat, chemical-resistant apron, closed footwear
Respiratory Protection: Full-face air-purifying respirator with multi-purpose organic vapor cartridge in poorly ventilated areas, or supplied-air respirator if vapor concentrations might rise suddenly
Work Practice Controls: Establish written safety and decontamination procedures, provide emergency showers and eyewash stations
Appearance: Clear to pale yellow liquid; color darkens slightly with prolonged storage
Odor: Mild, sweet chemical odor
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Not applicable (non-aqueous)
Melting/Freezing Point: Below –20°C
Boiling Point/Range: Decomposes before boiling
Flash Point: 33–35°C (closed cup, varies with diluent used)
Evaporation Rate: Not measured
Flammability: Flammable liquid and vapor, strong oxidizer
Vapor Pressure: 5.5 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density: >1 (air = 1)
Solubility in Water: Slight (miscible in many organic solvents)
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not available
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: 46–55°C
Viscosity: 2–6 mPa·s at 20°C
Explosive Limits: Not established
Chemical Stability: Unstable at above recommended storage temperatures or under exposure to direct sunlight and contaminants; loss of inhibitor increases risk of uncontrolled decomposition
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, shock, friction, contamination with acids, bases, heavy metals, strong reducing or oxidizing agents
Incompatible Materials: Acids, chlorinated solvents, accelerators, metals such as copper, iron, brass, strong reducing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, small quantities of formaldehyde and acetone possible
Polymerization Hazard: Not expected; main risk is violent self-accelerating decomposition rather than polymerization
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Harmful by all exposure routes; central nervous system depression, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting; LD50 (oral, rat): ~1000–2000 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit): >2000 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Irritating with redness, pain, possible blistering, especially with prolonged contact
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Significant redness, tearing, possible corneal injury; permanent damage possible without rapid irrigation
Respiratory Sensitization: Irritation of nose, throat, lungs; high exposures trigger respiratory distress
Chronic Effects: No long-term studies in humans; solvent diluents may trigger liver or kidney changes with chronic high-level occupational exposure
Carcinogenicity: No peroxypivalate listed by OSHA, NTP, or IARC; status of diluents varies by composition
Mutagenicity and Reproductive Toxicity: No concrete data showing mutagenic or teratogenic effect in animals for this compound
Repeated Dose Toxicity: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis or eczema, especially with inadequate hygiene
Ecotoxicity: Aquatic and terrestrial organisms at risk if released in significant amounts; LC50 (fish, 96h): estimated at 1–10 mg/L; toxic to invertebrates in laboratory studies
Persistence and Degradability: Quickly degrades in air and water through hydrolysis and oxidation, but hydrocarbon diluents may persist longer on soil or water
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low for the peroxide, may be moderate for certain hydrocarbon diluents; bioaccumulation not well studied
Mobility in Soil: Highly mobile unless product binds tightly to organic matter
Other Harmful Effects: Oxygen depletion in aquatic systems possible if high volumes released decomposing rapidly; does not contain heavy metals or priority pollutants
Disposal Methods: Specialized incineration suitable for organic peroxides; dilute in water and neutralize under expert supervision; never landfill or pour down drains
Contaminated Packaging: Dispose of as hazardous waste; triple rinse and puncture before shipment if allowed by regional regulations
Regulatory Requirements: Consult local, state, and federal regulations governing disposal; most countries treat organic peroxide waste as hazardous under environmental protection rules
Precautions during Disposal: Store disposal drums in cool, ventilated area prior to transfer; retain all disposal documentation for legal compliance
UN Number: UN 3107 (Organic Peroxide Type C, Liquid)
Shipping Name: Organic Peroxide Type C, Liquid (Tert-Amyl Peroxypivalate mixture)
Transport Hazard Class: 5.2 (Organic Peroxide)
Packing Group: Not assigned for organic peroxides; special packaging and segregation rules apply
Labels Required: Organic Peroxide, Keep Away from Heat
Special Transport Precautions: Keep refrigerated or cooled during transit, do not stack containers, load vehicle to minimize movement; shipping documentation must include amount, container type, emergency measures sheet
Marine Pollutant: Not designated, but shippers must comply with MARPOL Annex II for large bulk shipments
ICAO/IATA, IMDG Code: Both treat as Dangerous Goods; segregate from food, feed, pharmaceuticals during transport
Classification Under GHS: Labeled as an organic peroxide and acute health hazard
OSHA Hazard Communication Standard: Product requires labeling, safety training, and written hazard communication program
EPA Status: Not listed as a Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substance; under Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), notification required if exceeding threshold quantities
Inventory Status: Included on TSCA (USA), EINECS/ELINCS (EU), DSL (Canada), AICS (Australia); check local chemical inventory rules for latest updates
Workplace Control Laws: Mandatory exposure and safety training, reporting, emergency response protocols in industry; safety audits carried out annually by environmental, health, and safety professionals
Additional Regional Rules: State or provincial lists of hazardous chemicals may apply more stringent controls, including community right-to-know and waste minimization obligations
