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The story of tert-amyl hydroperoxide stretches back to discoveries in the mid-twentieth century, at a time when organic chemists searched for stronger, more selective oxidizing agents. By working relentlessly with branched alcohols, researchers managed to identify pathways to hydroperoxides such as tert-amyl hydroperoxide. This compound soon caught attention for its reactivity, economic feasibility, and ability to spark cleaner chemical transformations. Industrial interest grew during the rise of the specialty chemicals sector, as firms harnessed tert-amyl hydroperoxide for fine synthesis work, polymerization, and process optimization. Stories from older plant operators reflect a shift from simple peroxides to complex organics like tert-amyl hydroperoxide, a compound that steadily moved from the lab into industrial reactors, where it began contributing value.
Tert-amyl hydroperoxide represents a clear or slightly pale liquid with a strong, pungent smell. Its formula, C5H12O2, shows up in specialty catalogs targeting sophisticated polymer development and oxidation chemistry. Commonly supplied with content up to 88%, manufacturers dilute the product with a carefully chosen inert diluent (Type A, usually a hydrocarbon) and a fixed percentage of water to help stabilize the blend. End users in paints, plastics, or pharmaceuticals depend on these stabilized forms for predictable handling and replicable results. Safety data sheets point to significant regulatory investment in clear labeling, concentration accuracy, and consistent batch purity, a set of standards hard-earned through industry experience.
The liquid form of tert-amyl hydroperoxide flows freely at room temperature, with miscibility and volatility tracking closely alongside related hydroperoxides. With a boiling point that sits well above water yet drops off in open containers due to instability, this chemical won’t tolerate high temperatures or metal contamination. Its decomposition temperature remains low compared to many solvents, so storage in a cool, shaded spot with minimal agitation proves essential. The sharp, biting odor triggers caution, while the low flash point and high oxygen content remind anyone nearby of the risk. Decades of handling have taught workers that the neat product can corrode steel, turn rubber brittle, and ignite with surprising ease.
Every barrel of tert-amyl hydroperoxide lists content levels, exact diluent ratios, and stabilizing water concentrations. Documentation enforces compliance with requirements such as “content less than or equal to 88%, diluent type A greater than or equal to 6%, water not below 6%.” Hazard phrases spell out risks of harm to skin and eyes, detail special storage rules, and name required protective gear for the workplace. Producers stake their reputations on reliable GC or NMR data supporting product purity. My own experience confirms that plant managers value clear lot traceability and supplier stability as much as any technical property, recognizing that trace contaminants can trigger catastrophic runaway reactions or costly process shutdowns.
Large-scale production begins with the controlled oxidation of tert-amyl alcohol, typically using hydrogen peroxide under acidic catalysis. Operators slowly feed in reactants while monitoring temperature and pressure spikes. Process engineers use jacketed reactors to handle exotherms and sweep out off-gassed oxygen, running close checks throughout each batch. Final distillation steps concentrate the hydroperoxide, followed by addition of diluent and water for safety. These steps reflect lessons learned the hard way—accidents from overcharging, wrong catalyst, or poor agitation forced the industry to adopt precise, often redundant controls.
Tert-amyl hydroperoxide acts as an efficient initiator and oxidant in advanced organic syntheses, including radical polymerizations and hydroxylations. Its branched structure slows decomposition relative to primary alkyl hydroperoxides, yet remains reactive enough to drive free-radical addition or promote controlled degradation in plastics recycling. Chemists often tweak the base molecule by substituting the amyl group, or by attaching functional arms for specialty monomers. Product modifications usually arise in collaboration with end users seeking specific chain scission profiles, or in search of milder reaction pathways that reduce salt or acidic byproducts.
Across the globe, tert-amyl hydroperoxide appears under a spectrum of names: 2-methyl-2-butyl hydroperoxide, TAMHP, and sometimes as pentane-2,2-diyl hydroperoxide. Chemical companies sell it under proprietary blends or branded series built around the “Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide” core, reflecting both marketing and regulatory considerations. These synonyms can sow confusion in regulatory filings or trade discussions, underscoring the constant need for chemists to double-check CAS numbers and verify supplier documentation. Many in the field recall ordering a similar-sounding compound only to discover it differed widely in stability or reactivity, highlighting the ongoing challenges in chemical nomenclature.
Few substances require as much respect as tert-amyl hydroperoxide in an industrial facility. It reacts sharply with metals, strong acids, and organics, so operators rely on nonreactive containers like HDPE or specialty stainless-steel. OSHA mandates strict training for everyone handling the material, and companies erect detailed signage pointing out eye wash stations and restricted areas. Even short exposure can cause burns or irritation. Emergency protocols spell out steps for leaks or fires, and “maintenance windows” always follow rigorous lockout-tagout procedures. At industry conferences, the value of safety drills and updated MSDS training gets hammered home every year—errors here could cost millions, or far more.
Product developers found tert-amyl hydroperoxide useful in rubber crosslinking, polymer initiation cycles, and precise oxidation reactions critical to new drug molecules. In plastics, companies prefer it for initiating low-temperature polymerizations, driving higher yields than less powerful initiators. In fine chemicals, researchers count on its selective oxidation power—helping insert oxygen atoms into tricky aromatic rings or branched hydrocarbons. Even paint and coatings chemists borrow its rapid reactivity for tough cure schedules. Across manufacturing sectors, companies invest in robust supply chains and redundant backup stocks out of respect for the material’s high-value yet high-risk profile.
Industrial and academic labs push constantly to refine tert-amyl hydroperoxide sourcing, stability, and reactivity. Chemists run granular studies to identify better catalysts, pursue greener feedstocks, or cut byproduct loads. Teams focus on digital tracking of batch impurities, modeling decomposition in real time, and swapping fossil-based precursors for bio-renewables where possible. Journals report on safer process designs that cut operator risk while squeezing out higher selectivity. In the lab, I’ve seen busy benches loaded with novel hydroperoxides, all racing to blend comparable power with lower volatility or toxicology footprints. The global conversation remains clear: tougher safety, better reliability, less waste.
Toxicologists view tert-amyl hydroperoxide with caution, pointing to clear evidence of skin, eye, and respiratory irritation at modest levels. Animal studies support high acute toxicity, particularly by inhalation or ingestion. Equally significant, decomposition byproducts can magnify underlying risks, releasing carbon monoxide or volatile organic carbons into air. Chronic exposure links to tissue damage, but ongoing uncertainties about long-term effects drive continuous research mandates. Environmental health and safety teams campaign for improved fume extraction, better chemical storage, and updated personal protection. No one wants to see repeat headlines of plant incidents, so the drive for clear-eyed toxicity mapping never relents.
Innovation circles look for ways to harness tert-amyl hydroperoxide’s power with fewer drawbacks, hoping for blends or derivatives that keep reactivity high while shrinking hazard footprints. Green chemistry aims for closed-loop processes that upcycle wastes and lower emissions, positioning next-generation hydroperoxides as cleaner tools in pharmaceuticals or polymers. Regulatory agencies signal rising scrutiny of both acute and chronic impacts, so firms with stronger in-house stewardship will outlast less cautious peers. Smart monitoring, digital twins, and next-level batch control systems start to shape a safer operational future. Colleagues voice cautious optimism: progress lies in hard-won data and practical safeguards, not in wishful shortcuts or unchecked expansion.
Tert-Amyl hydroperoxide doesn't come up at backyard barbecues, but it's worked into the background of plenty of modern industry. I've seen it turn up most often in the world of chemical synthesis—where every step counts. Its strong oxidizing abilities help push forward those challenging reactions that shape raw building blocks into useful products. That’s especially relevant for manufacturers producing pharmaceuticals or specialty chemicals.
One standout use is in the oxidation of hydrocarbons. Factories lean on this compound when they’re producing elements needed for paint, adhesives, or plastics—things we cross paths with every day. I’ve followed how, in the lab, it helps create ketones and alcohols cleanly without piling on a stack of byproducts. For chemists and engineers, that keeps costs in line and makes waste disposal less of a hassle.
Tert-Amyl hydroperoxide steps into another role as a radical initiator. In plain terms, it kicks off reactions that help small molecules join up and become large chains of plastic or rubber. Think about tires, packaging, even footwear soles—chances are some part of their story includes this compound. Factories favor it because it doesn’t fall apart too soon or too late; timing matters for a solid product, and getting it wrong wastes time and money.
From my work shadowing plant technicians, I saw that using this chemical requires careful handling, but for the right reasons. It brings reliability to these processes, shrinking the odds of expensive shutdowns or product recalls. If you’ve ever dealt with the headaches of failed batches, you’ll appreciate how much difference a steady initiator can make.
Synthesizing some active pharmaceutical ingredients can be tricky, especially those that need specific molecular tweaks. Here’s where tert-amyl hydroperoxide steps up again. Its selectivity gives it a reputation among chemists hunting for better ways to add an oxygen atom, or change one group into another, no matter how tangled the molecule looks. These precise modifications let manufacturers boost the potency or safety of medications, sometimes without needing harsh conditions or rare catalysts.
Working alongside pharmacy researchers, I noticed how they rely on tightly controlled conditions. The regulated content—88% with safeguards on water and diluents—helps balance effectiveness with handling risks, which lines up with health and safety standards.
No commentary on industrial chemicals feels honest without talking safety and cleanliness. Tert-amyl hydroperoxide isn’t the friendliest stuff in the drum—highly reactive, and risky if not treated with respect. High concentrations pose fire and health risks, so staff must rely on rigorous training, ventilated storage, and the right personal protection. Companies looking to keep up with the best practices invest in leak-proof containers and emergency controls.
Environmental issues can’t be ignored either. Spills mean trouble for local water and soil, so firms adopt catch basins, regular monitoring, and routine transport audits. I’ve visited sites that adopted these habits after small incidents; since then, they sidestepped fines and kept a better track record with local communities. Practical changes like these prove their worth quickly.
Handling potent chemicals always brings up the same two questions: Can we lower the risk, and can we cut down on waste? Modern suppliers have picked up on this. Diluting with over 6% diluent and water helps slow down runaway reactions and makes shipping less dangerous. Sometimes, in-house teams develop automation for dispensing—no human hands, less risk. Training and real-time monitoring tech support these safeguards, ticking off both worker and environmental safety.
I've watched companies adjust workflows and see immediate improvements in accident rates and regulatory compliance. These changes speak to a broader trend of smarter, safer manufacturing—something everyone benefits from, whether they ever think about industrial chemicals or not.
Storing chemicals like Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide isn’t just about following a generic safety checklist. This compound carries serious risks, especially where concentration runs close to 88%. Working with it, I’ve learned that shortcuts or lazy habits in storage can lead to near misses—or worse. The explosion at a nearby facility last year still rings in my mind, a firm reminder that practical safety means more than taped-up labels and wishful thinking.
No fancy jargon here: keep this stuff cool and away from the sun. Peroxides break down fast under heat, and that can mean runaway reactions and pressure build-up. A storage room with solid insulation and climate control goes a long way. I once saw barrels sweating in a sunlit corner—soon after, pressure built inside, and a safety valve blew. It spooked everyone. Keeping storage at or below 30°C, with no temperature swings, lowers those odds.
Storing peroxides in the wrong container can trigger a disaster. Metal containers can corrode, or worse, catalyze decomposition. Stick with plastic jugs or containers your supplier recommends. In my years on the job, every safe shop I’ve seen sticks to HDPE or similar plastics for this chemical; nobody wants rust or mysterious residues upending their routine.
This compound often comes with over 6% diluent and water. That helps control the risk, since water can cool and dilute, giving a bit more time if something goes wrong. Still, I’ve learned not to get comfortable just because there’s water in the mix. Contamination ruins that safety margin quickly. Never open a container near strong acids, alkalis, or metal powders.
Mixing incompatible chemicals in storage brings real consequences. Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide doesn’t go well with reducers, organic material, or heavy metals. I make it a point to review the chemical list in my warehouse twice a year, shifting containers apart if something slips in nearby. Even in small shops, separation cages or marked-off zones stop accidents before they start.
I once visited a site where fumes built up in a locked storage room. That’s a breathing hazard, and it signals decomposition. Good ventilation isn’t a bonus; it’s essential. Exhaust fans or proper room design keeps any gases at bay and gives early warning if something’s wrong. Employees knowing where emergency showers and eyewash stations stand means nobody has to fumble during a spill or splash.
Every rulebook looks good until reality hits. I’ve noticed that the shops with the best safety records go beyond telling staff about risks. They run drills and check that everyone, from new hires to old-timers, understands why certain chemicals stay apart and why containers can’t stay open longer than necessary. Reviewing incident reports from similar plants can reinforce why these habits matter. Investing in raw training delivers more peace of mind than any laminated poster.
Strong ties with chemical suppliers give you early word on formulation changes and technical bulletins. Years ago, mine flagged a warning on diluent purity after a near-miss. We switched up our stock rotation and avoided a close call. Choose suppliers who participate in Responsible Care or similar programs—they answer questions, suggest storage improvements, and sometimes even inspect your setup to flag risks. That’s real-world help, not theory.
Finally, storage records and insurance may feel like chores, but they matter for recovery if something goes wrong. Local fire departments and inspectors look for up-to-date manifests. Good records mean no confusion—and less downtime—in an emergency.
Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide doesn’t look dangerous on the surface—it’s just a clear liquid. Still, the moment someone opens a drum, a strong odor warns that this stuff isn’t for amateurs. Even with water and diluent in the mix, up to 88% of the composition carries a punch in terms of chemical activity. Respiratory discomfort, painful eye irritation, and skin burns can creep up fast for anyone caught unprotected. Most folks don't realize how sneaky vapors rise; ordinary fans do little to clear the air, and simple cotton gloves flood through with the liquid. A splash against your face or hands stings at first, but after a few minutes deep redness and blistering set in, driving home how quickly damage happens.
A lot of people shrug off the warning label—thinking masks are for someone else. But inhalation can cause severe coughing, headaches, and chest tightness. Lab studies and OSHA reports agree: Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide fumes ramp up airway inflammation, especially in small, poorly ventilated spaces. The lungs feel the buildup long before the chemical smell is obvious, and nausea or dizziness comes on fast. In severe exposure, some people wind up in the emergency room after just a few minutes without protection. For anyone with asthma or allergies, a single shift with high exposure can mean weeks of wheezing or worse.
Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide holds another danger that trumps many common solvents. The molecule stays unstable, and any friction, heat, or careless mixing with common metals or even dust could spark a fire or outright explosion. News reports show chemical plants fully engulfed when peroxide storage isn’t respected. That blazing potential doesn’t disappear with a bit of water or a standard “diluent”—it just waits for the right (or wrong) move. Eye protection and flame-resistant clothing cut the odds in daily handling, but experience shows even seasoned techs can get complacent.
The body can only take so much irritation. Frequent exposure—even to vapors—can dry out skin, damage mucous membranes, and sensitize workers to other chemicals. Some research in chemical manufacturing tracks raised rates of chronic rashes and persistent cough among frequent handlers. The true risks build over months or years, showing up as lasting respiratory issues or permanent scarring. It’s not just a matter of “toughing it out”; these symptoms tend to linger and worsen with each mistake. Eye damage—sometimes leading to partial blindness—often traces back to a single splash or contaminated glove.
Nobody wants to be the worker who triggers an alarm or ambulance call. Locking in strict safety policies matters. Every workplace should fit out handlers with splash goggles, respiratory masks rated for organic peroxides, and gloves that resist more than just water. Regular training helps too—chemical burn stories stick, making fresh workers pay attention. Tanks and drums benefit from extra shielding, plus temperature controls to keep runaway reactions at bay. Spills happen, but rapid neutralization, regular wash downs, and easy-access showers turn life-threatening mistakes into a rough moment instead of tragedy. Sometimes, automation takes hands out of the danger altogether—closed system pumps, remote operation, and clear physical barriers beat hope and luck every time.
Health risks with Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide stack up. Quick fixes and shortcuts tempt busy crews, but they almost always cost more in the end. Clean air, dry skin, and clear eyes matter on every shift. Keeping exposure down isn’t just about ticking boxes—it builds peace of mind. The best workplaces treat every worker’s safety the same—fresh hires get just as much gear and backup as old-timers. After seeing what goes wrong in underprepared shops, it makes sense to take these hazards seriously and gear up from the start.
PPE isn’t some checklist for the lab manager to sign off. It’s the difference between a safe shift and a trip to emergency care. I’ve stood in labs and busy shop floors where the air smells just a little too sharp and the splash of a solvent could change your week—or worse. Those old tales about coworkers skipping protection and getting away with it don’t carry much weight when you’ve seen burns or swelling up close. The information on the SDS gives the best place to start, but plenty of stories begin with “I thought gloves were enough” and end with something far riskier.
Let’s take a look at the basics. Gloves are often the first thing you pull on, but not every glove resists every chemical. Nitrile holds up well for acids and solvents, but category matters: chlorinated solvents or strong bases chew through the wrong glove type. For anything that splashes or mists, eye protection comes next. Wraparounds work better than standard safety specs—one droplet in your eye, and you’ll remember it forever. Faceshields come out for strong corrosives or anything known to spit or kick back aggressively.
Chemical-resistant coats or aprons feel clumsy, but they’re essential for concentrated and hot work. A cotton lab coat won’t cut it if you’re moving acids or organic solvents. I saw one coworker learn that lesson the hard way—cotton sleeves soaked instantly, and that stinging spread in seconds. Good PPE never wins beauty contests, but it saves skin and long-term health.
Your lungs need respect too. Volatile fumes, powders, or anything that could aerosolize turn the whole room into a risk, not just your workbench. I remember my first real solvent spill—half the room cleared, but the right cartridge mask did the job. Air-purifying respirators match filter and hazard; an organic vapor cartridge won’t save you from strong acids, just like a dust mask won’t help with gases. For toxic or large-scale exposures, think about going further: supplied-air systems aren’t overkill in the right situation.
Working with chemicals often means confronting our own assumptions. Taking shortcuts leads to trouble. For every time someone claims “the stuff’s not that bad,” there’s another person patching up skin or washing out their eyes. No shortcut or extra speed matches the value of keeping your health and clear memory. The risk gets real once strong acids, caustics, or solvents enter the picture.
PPE only works if it fits, the material holds up, and workers stay unhurried. I’ve seen people using gloves with pinhole leaks—just enough to let an acid start eating away. PPE thrown into a drawer and forgotten gets brittle, stops working, and becomes just a showpiece. Training matters as much as what you wear. Understand why each item blocks the danger, not just that someone said so.
Smarter PPE policy comes from asking the crew what actually works, not just quoting the manual. Rotate equipment, store it away from hazard zones, replace the gear before it looks trashed. Consider engineering fixes too—better extraction, closed systems, and clear signage. No one should feel awkward speaking up when something feels off. I’ve found real improvements happen when folks share what almost went wrong, not just what failed completely. No piece of gear, no matter how advanced, makes up for honesty and attentiveness. Working with dangerous materials, you earn every safe hour you take home.
Spills happen. Anyone who has worked in a lab, a warehouse, or even a garage with chemical products faces this reality. A bottle tips or a drum leaks—before you know it, there’s a mess that could harm people or damage the environment. The first step comes straight from lived experience: take a breath and assess. Jumping in headfirst without knowing what you’re dealing with calls for trouble. Over the years, I’ve watched panic lead to burns, ruined shoes, and emergency evacuations that didn’t need to happen.
Knowing what spilled cuts risk in half. The Safety Data Sheet for any product lays out hazards, required equipment, and cleanup steps. Once, I watched a team mop up a solvent with water. The chemical floated on top, spreading across the shop floor, because no one checked what they were cleaning. The lesson stuck with me: treating every product the same invites disaster.
Good management starts before a spill. Personal protective gear—goggles, gloves, boots, an apron—sits within reach, not locked in a closet. I always stress this because I’ve seen coworkers try to use bare hands or T-shirts to wipe up acids. If it’s on your skin, you’ve lost the battle already.
Containment stops a small mess from becoming a big one. A sock or pillow made of absorbent material blocks the flow. In my early days, I grabbed paper towels for a paint thinner leak and watched them dissolve. Absorbent clay, spill pads, or commercial products designed for chemicals work better every time. Buckets and brooms only come in later, after the right gear and barricades stand in place.
Sending chemicals down a drain or sewer is illegal in most places and creates long-term environmental harm. I’ve seen storm drains deliver a mess two miles away. Clean up captures all liquid and solid waste, moves it to sealed containers, and marks it clearly. Local hazardous waste programs do the rest. Rules are strict for a reason—one gallon of runoff can harm fish, foul water, or vaporize in a way that hurts air quality. A little vigilance protects something much bigger than the space you’re in.
New folks can’t handle what they don’t know. Experienced staff teach best by doing, not just by telling. On my first spill, it was a five-gallon bucket of detergent. A senior coworker showed me how to circle the spill, block the edges, double up gloves, and scoop the slush safely into a drum. That memory stuck better than any manual I ever skimmed.
Some spills need outside help. Fire departments or professional clean-up crews deal with hazards beyond basic training, such as unknown fumes or large volumes. Calling them early reduces panic and risk to staff, instead of waiting until people start coughing or alarms ring out.
Nothing feels routine about a spill, but experience builds habits. Stocking spill kits, reviewing procedures, and running practice drills keeps mistakes rare. I’ve seen places where these basics save money, time, and sometimes lives. Keeping things simple and sticking to proven steps matters more than fancy gear or high-tech solutions that never leave the box.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 2-Methylbutan-2-yl hydroperoxide |
| Other names |
2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentyl hydroperoxide 2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl hydroperoxide Hydroperoxide, tert-amyl T-Aminopropyl hydroperoxide |
| Pronunciation | /ˌtɜːrtˈæm.ɪl haɪˈdrɒk.sɪˌpɜːr.ɒk.saɪd/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 683-45-6 |
| Beilstein Reference | 635873 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:30078 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1163032 |
| ChemSpider | 11315 |
| DrugBank | DB14004 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03c75e5e-1c5c-4af9-8e6e-b77cdc2cddaf |
| EC Number | 201-281-6 |
| Gmelin Reference | 1643 |
| KEGG | C06509 |
| MeSH | D013726 |
| PubChem CID | 120307 |
| RTECS number | UJ5950000 |
| UNII | 91O37XOC0A |
| UN number | UN2109 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C5H12O2 |
| Molar mass | 90.15 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Sharp, pungent |
| Density | 0.862 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Slightly soluble |
| log P | 0.92 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.6 hPa (20°C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | pKa ≈ 12.7 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 9.4 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -9.94e-6 cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.404 |
| Viscosity | 2.1 mPa·s (20 °C) |
| Dipole moment | 2.77 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 323 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -338.6 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -5103 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Oxidizing liquids and vapours. Heating may cause a fire or explosion. Harmful if swallowed. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | Danger; H242, H302, H314, H332, H335, H410 |
| Pictograms | GHS02,GHS05,GHS07,GHS08,GHS09 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H226, H242, H302, H314, H332, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P210, P220, P234, P280, P234, P281, P285, P370+P378, P403+P235, P411+P235, P420, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 3-4-2-OX |
| Flash point | Below 23 °C |
| Autoignition temperature | 145°C |
| Explosive limits | Explosive limits: 2.2–8.0% |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 Oral Rat: 734 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | Rat oral LD50: 470 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | SN4725000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible): Not established. |
| REL (Recommended) | 1 ppm (7 mg/m³) |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Unknown |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
tert-Amyl alcohol tert-Butyl hydroperoxide Cumene hydroperoxide Di-tert-butyl peroxide Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide |
