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Product Name: Sparfloxacin
Chemical Name: 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid
CAS Number: 110871-86-8
Synonyms: Zagam, AT-4140
Molecular Formula: C19H22F2N4O3
Molecular Weight: 392.4 g/mol
Intended Use: Pharmaceutical ingredient, research
Manufacturer: Refer to supplier’s safety document for individual producer details
Emergency Contact: Consult national Poison Control Center or nearest emergency physician
Hazard Classification: Eye irritant, sensitizer, harmful if swallowed or inhaled
GHS Classification: Category 2A (eye irritation), Category 4 (acute toxicity, oral, inhalation)
Signal Word: Warning
Pictograms: Exclamation mark (harmful, irritant)
Hazard Statements: Causes serious eye irritation, may cause respiratory irritation, may cause allergic skin reaction, harmful if swallowed
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, prevent eye and skin contact, do not eat or drink during handling, wash hands thoroughly after use
Other Hazards: Healthcare workers may develop photosensitivity or dermatitis with repeated exposure; may provoke severe central nervous system symptoms in susceptible individuals
Chemical Identity: Sparfloxacin
Percent Composition: >98% (by weight) pure substance, contaminants and impurities <2%
Common Impurities: Related quinolone derivatives, unreacted piperazine compounds
Hazardous Components: No major hazardous decomposition products under normal storage
General Advice: Remove individual from exposure, consult medical attention promptly
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, support breathing if necessary, seek medical help if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Wash immediately with lots of water and soap, take off contaminated clothing, seek medical review if rash or irritation continues
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with clean water for several minutes, remove contact lenses, repeat flushing, consult ophthalmologist if redness or pain
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting, obtain medical evaluation
Physician Instructions: Treat symptoms, monitor for allergic or neurological responses, support vital functions
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, foam, use water spray for larger fires
Unsuitable Media: Direct stream of water may spread burning powder
Special Hazards: Toxic fumes of carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, fluoride compounds may form
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective clothing
Firefighting Procedures: Avoid inhalation of fumes, use water spray to cool containers, contain water to prevent environmental contamination
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, goggles, mask, and protective clothing, ventilate area, avoid dust generation
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff to drains, soil, surface water
Spill Cleanup Methods: Use non-sparking tools, sweep up gently without raising dust, collect in suitable container for disposal, clean area with soapy water
Disposal: Dispose of contaminated materials as hazardous pharmaceutical waste
Handling: Use engineering controls, minimize dust, avoid breathing powder, prevent contact with skin and eyes, wash hands thoroughly after use
Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, tightly closed container, keep away from sunlight, incompatible materials, and moisture
Incompatibilities: Store away from strong acids, bases, oxidizers
Special Requirements: Limit access to trained personnel, label containers clearly
Engineering Controls: Handle under fume hood or local exhaust ventilation, use isolators or glove boxes for bulk processing
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established national exposure limits; follow pharmaceutical best practices—keep airborne concentrations as low as reasonably achievable
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, nitrile gloves, laboratory coat or coveralls, N95 respirator for dust
Hygiene Measures: No food, drink, or smoking during handling, wash hands and face after use
Physical State: Crystalline powder
Appearance: Off-white to pale yellow
Odor: Odorless or slight chemical scent
pH: 5.5-7.5 (0.2% aqueous)
Melting Point: 246-251°C
Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water, soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, slightly soluble in methanol and ethanol
Boiling Point: Data not available, decomposes before boiling
Flash Point: Not applicable
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Partition Coefficient (logP): 1.5-2.0
Density: Not determined precisely; typically near 1.4 g/cm³
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not measured
Evaporation Rate: Not volatile under ambient conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions
Reactivity: No significant reactivity with common materials under recommended use
Hazardous Reactions: Decomposes above 200°C, may yield toxic gases on burning
Incompatible Materials: Avoid strong acids, bases, oxidizers, reducing agents
Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen fluoride
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Orally toxic in rodents (LD50 rat: ~1600–2000 mg/kg)
Irritation: Causes significant eye irritation, may cause skin sensitization
Sensitization: Allergic skin reaction possible, photosensitivity reported in clinical use
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure linked to liver enzyme changes, rare central nervous system effects
Carcinogenicity: Long-term animal data lacking, not classified as known human carcinogen
Reproductive Toxicity: Animal studies report embryo toxicity at high doses
Other Effects: Dizziness, headache, GI upset reported during medical use, CNS stimulation possible in overdose
Ecotoxicity: Data show harmful impacts on aquatic organisms, particularly algae and daphnids
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable, persists in soil and water
Bioaccumulation: Limited bioaccumulation expected due to physical properties
Mobility in Soil: Moderate mobility, may leach to groundwater in significant spills
Other Adverse Effects: Could contribute to development of antibiotic resistance in microbial populations, monitor environmental release
Disposal of Product: Incinerate in approved chemical incinerator, follow local pharmaceutical hazardous waste guidelines
Disposal of Contaminated Packaging: Triple-rinse, dispose as hazardous waste
Unused Material: Return to manufacturer or send to licensed hazardous waste handler
Environmental Precautions: Do not allow entry into soil, waterways, or sewage systems
UN Number: Not classified for transport by major regulations
UN Proper Shipping Name: Not regulated as a hazardous material
Transport Hazard Class: Non-regulated
Packing Group: Not assigned
Special Precautions: Prevent physical damage to containers, keep tightly closed during transit, record all movements per Good Distribution Practices
OSHA Status: Not specifically regulated by OSHA; treat as hazardous due to pharmacological effects
TSCA Status: Not listed for use outside pharmaceutical or research applications
FDA Status: Approved active ingredient in prescription medication with warning labels
REACH/CLP Status (EU): Not directly regulated, but subject to pharmaceutical and occupational limits
Other Local Regulations: Country-specific workplace exposure standards may apply, follow all national submission and safety reporting requirements
Labelling: Require hazard and precautionary statements under GHS, use complete hazard labeling for bulk and lab handling
