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Back in the 19th century, researchers worked for years to untangle the puzzle of bile components. Sodium taurocholate, a major bile salt, emerged as a star in early studies searching for answers on digestion and emulsification. Medical pioneers in physiology, like Claude Bernard, tracked the action of bile acids as they helped fats break down. Scientists soon learned that mixing taurine with cholic acid results in taurocholic acid—the precursor of sodium taurocholate. Laboratories and chemical manufacturers refined this compound for research by the mid-1900s. Across decades, biochemists saw how sodium taurocholate shaped our understanding of nutrient absorption in the gut, and how it supported multiple therapeutic and diagnostic advances. Much of what we now know about lipid metabolism owes credit to this small molecule from animal bile, so it’s not just another salt sitting on the shelf.
Sodium taurocholate hits the market as a white, odorless, hygroscopic powder. Producers extract and purify it from animal sources, usually ox or pig bile, followed by chemical conversion. It dissolves easily in water, making it practical for laboratory tasks involving lipid digestion or microbial growth. What I find interesting is how specific this product is—it isn’t a blend or a one-size-fits-all base chemical. Each batch gets checked for purity, with scientists demanding strict standards for research and medical use. Anyone working with sodium taurocholate will find it labeled with its CAS number (145-42-6) to remove confusion with similar compounds.
Sodium taurocholate has a molecular formula of C26H44NNaO7S and a molecular weight near 537 g/mol. The powder absorbs moisture from the air and changes into a gel-like mess if left open for long periods. Its solubility in water drives its main roles in labs, from aiding cell cultures to emulating digestive fluids. Laboratory analysts look for a melting point in the range of 235-245°C (with decomposition), which hints at its high stability under standard conditions. With a slight bitterness, its chemical backbone ties a taurine group to cholic acid, and this feature gives it surface tension-lowering abilities that help it form micelles around fats. Its amphipathic (having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts) nature allows it to blend fatty acids and keep them suspended in watery solutions, which proves crucial for digestion and investigation of biochemical pathways.
Sodium taurocholate comes with detailed certificates of analysis. Key specs on the label include purity (typically above 98% for most suppliers), pH of a 1% solution (in the range of 7.0 to 9.0), traceability sources, and batch numbers. Recommended storage instructions appear front and center: keep in a tightly sealed container at 2-8°C, away from light and humidity. The bag or jar often lists the CAS registry number, molecular formula, lot number, and expiry date. For regulatory compliance, documentation includes any animal-derived content statement, which is essential for pharmaceutical customers and import/export checks. In my lab days, ignoring these little details caused bigger headaches than one might expect, so I always tell new researchers to double-check before running any critical experiment.
Production involves extracting taurocholic acid from animal bile, usually followed by purification steps like ion exchange or crystallization. Chemists convert the acid into its sodium salt, using a direct neutralization with sodium hydroxide or a similar base. Purified sodium taurocholate then gets filtered to remove traces of protein, lipids, and pigments carried from the animal source. Only materials meeting tight thresholds for contaminants reach the packaging stage. Each stage in the process gets documented not just for quality control, but also to comply with strict pharmaceutical and industrial standards. This is where chemical engineers put in double shifts, tracking every gram to minimize waste and meet reliability targets.
Researchers often need variations on sodium taurocholate for specialized studies. Its taurine side group and steroid backbone invite chemical tinkering. Modification can add specific fluorescent tags, isotopic labels, or changes to the side chain for mechanistic studies. Some labs oxidize specific positions to simulate bile acid breakdown or conjugate it with radioactive isotopes for tracing in pharmacokinetic research. In my own work, derivatizing sodium taurocholate helped illuminate transport mechanisms in cell membranes—a trick that wouldn’t work as well with less reactive molecules. Most synthetic changes get published with detailed methodologies so others can repeat these experiments and verify the data. Like most bile salts, sodium taurocholate undergoes deconjugation and sulfation reactions in metabolic pathways, making it a handy model for understanding liver function or gut microbiota shifts.
This compound travels with a handful of aliases, which include sodium taurocholate hydrate, taurocholic acid sodium salt, and cholyltaurine sodium salt. Drug compendia and supply catalogs often mention these variations. Some legacy texts still use older names like “sodium cholate taurinate” or group it under “bile salts mix” in older papers, but this causes confusion, especially in cross-border trade. As sodium taurocholate expanded from classic physiological studies to modern molecular biology, consistent naming made procurement and regulatory tasks more straightforward. For buyers and bench researchers, noting synonyms in search queries saves time and avoids costly errors.
Strict attention to personal protective gear—lab coat, gloves, and goggles—pays off whenever handling sodium taurocholate, especially given its animal origin and the risk of minor irritation if inhaled as dust. Material Safety Data Sheets from suppliers spell out hazard classifications, accidental exposure measures, and storage guidelines. Laboratories often adopt a “treat-as-biological” rule for animal-derived chemicals, adding disinfectant handling procedures that go beyond those for synthetics. Safe disposal depends on local regulations; in some regions, biological waste bins take priority, thanks to rules about animal byproducts. I remember an incident where improper storage led to moisture infiltration and a ruined batch, so keeping containers sealed and dry is not just manufacturer’s advice—it’s a lesson learned on the job. In regulated environments like pharma production plants, quality assurance teams conduct regular audits to ensure compliance, and repeated training keeps staff ready for both routine use and emergencies.
In research, sodium taurocholate wears several hats. Cell culture experts use it to promote the solubilization of fat-soluble drugs or nutrients. Microbiologists rely on it as a selective agent in media for growing enteric bacteria, such as Salmonella and Shigella, since many gut microbes tolerate bile salts while others can’t handle them. Clinical scientists use it in in vitro digestion simulations to study how pharmaceuticals get absorbed after oral administration. Some drug formulations borrow sodium taurocholate to enhance the bioavailability of compounds with poor water solubility, improving performance without adding synthetic surfactants. Beyond the lab, diagnostic test kits mix it in to mimic bile-rich environments, helping screen for enzymatic activity or detect specific microbial infections. Those working in liver and gastrointestinal research tap into its ability to modulate micelle formation and investigate bile acid transport, as disruptions in this system often signal underlying disease.
The number of peer-reviewed studies on sodium taurocholate continues to rise, driven by ongoing questions about digestion, absorption, and the interplay of bile acids with the gut microbiome. Pharmaceutical research teams rely on it for preclinical screening, experimenting with new drug delivery systems that depend on bile salt transporters for targeted absorption. Tech developers in diagnostics draw on its specific interactions with bacterial enzymes to craft sensitive detection platforms—sometimes for food safety, sometimes for hospital screening. I’ve seen new R&D strategies focus on using sodium taurocholate as a component in advanced 3D organoid cultures, where simulated bile acid pools help mimic in vivo gut-liver communication. As the world’s demographic and diet shifts increase GI and metabolic disorders, the need to probe bile acid signaling grows, so R&D demand for pure, traceable sodium taurocholate won’t slow soon.
Older studies dating back to the 1970s and 1980s tackled the question of whether sodium taurocholate alone posed a toxicity risk. At normal lab concentrations, this compound does not trigger acute toxic responses, but escalating doses can disturb cell membranes, disrupt epithelial tight junctions, or activate inflammatory cascades, especially when applied directly to tissues in animal models. Animal oral LD50 values run quite high, highlighting its fairly low acute toxicity, but certain groups—infants, patients with compromised gut barriers—need special consideration in clinical settings. Researchers now use cultured cell lines and knockout mouse models to map out the subtler, chronic effects of prolonged exposure to bile salts, including sodium taurocholate, revealing links to inflammation, cell stress, and shifts in gut microbiota when physiological concentrations run too high. These findings underscore the importance of dose, route, and experimental context in toxicity assessments—a lesson for anyone designing or approving animal protocols.
As interest grows in bile acid signaling—from metabolic diseases to cancer and infection—new uses for sodium taurocholate keep appearing. Synthetic biology and precision medicine groups look to modified bile salts as possible drug carriers or as starting points for next-generation diagnostic sensors. Researchers exploring “bile acid therapy” for gut microbiome modulation see sodium taurocholate as a key model for teasing apart host-microbe interactions. New fields like organ-on-a-chip and microfluidic digestion simulators count on highly pure sodium taurocholate to create realistic models for drug and nutrient absorption. Pharmaceutical innovation leans on bile acids as adjuvants for vaccines or oral treatments for conditions outside the digestive tract. The demand for consistently pure, traceable, and custom-modified sodium taurocholate stretches across disciplines, with many challenges still waiting for creative solutions. Reliable supply chains and ongoing research partnerships shape its place in future biomedical breakthroughs.
Not every compound elicits interest until it stands front and center in a laboratory or medical study. Sodium taurocholate has that sort of reputation. Many have never heard its name outside a textbook or a pharmacy storeroom, yet this bile salt quietly drives research and diagnosis in critical ways.
Labs everywhere rely on sodium taurocholate to test how effectively the liver does its job. Doctors and scientists use this compound to grow bacteria such as Vibrio cholerae in research settings. This particular microbe can be fussy, refusing to show up on ordinary culture plates. Mixing sodium taurocholate into the growth medium helps coax these bacteria out. Without this trick, catching a timely diagnosis drifts farther out of reach, especially in regions where cholera hits hardest.
In the world of human biology, sodium taurocholate stands as a major player. It forms part of the body's bile salts, making it critical to breaking down fats during digestion. At university, I remember watching clear lab tests showing how even tiny amounts improved the mix of water and fats, mimicking what happens in our small intestine. Without this action, the human body simply wastes energy trying to absorb nutrients from meals. Any disruption along these lines, in my experience volunteering at a digestive disorders clinic, leads to fatigue and malnutrition for patients.
Scientists leveraging sodium taurocholate in animal models push deeper into understanding conditions like gallstones and bile acid malabsorption. Through controlled studies, researchers unravel how the gut manages cholesterol or why certain people develop chronic diarrheal illnesses. Tracking the journey of this one molecule helps answer questions that affect countless families at the dinner table and in the pharmacy line.
Drug companies see sodium taurocholate as a useful helper too. Its ability to mix oily substances with water makes it a go-to ingredient for improving how drugs get absorbed in the body. Some medicines wouldn’t do their work without getting paired with a substance like sodium taurocholate. This fact shows up time and again whenever pharma firms reformulate pills for better bioavailability—or create nutritional supplements for people with absorption problems.
Having seen drug development up close, I know the real struggle is making sure powerful medicines don’t get flushed away before entering the bloodstream. Bile salts like sodium taurocholate bridge that gap, ensuring drugs reach their destination. It’s the kind of quiet achievement that doesn’t make headlines but changes lives.
Despite its wide utility, sodium taurocholate comes with sourcing challenges and cost hurdles, especially for researchers with tight budgets. Synthetic options open doors, but not every version works the same in every application. Transparent sourcing, strong regulation, and close collaboration between academic science and pharmaceutical innovation would help address hurdles.
Public awareness still lags behind on the role of bile salts in treating illness. Raising that profile could encourage smarter regulation, better funding, and eventually more affordable healthcare. While sodium taurocholate won’t show up on a prescription bottle in most homes, its importance threads through microbiology, biochemistry, and medicine. Time and experience keep showing how essential these building blocks remain—for both the laboratory and the clinic.
Sodium taurocholate carries an intimidating chemical-sounding name, but it’s a bile salt closely related to what our own bodies make. Bile salts break down fat in our food, helping us absorb fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E, and K. Some companies use sodium taurocholate in pharmaceuticals, laboratory work, and research on how drugs get absorbed.
I remember reading during my university days that bile salts, including sodium taurocholate, play a central role in digesting fats. When a meal rich in oils or butter lands in your stomach, bile acids from the liver transform those fats into tiny droplets so the body can take them up more easily. Without enough bile salts, vitamins and nutrients pass right through.
While most people associate bile with something the body just makes, there’s a long tradition of using animal-derived bile salts in supplements or as medical treatments—especially before synthetic or plant-based enzymes became easily available. Yet, just because our livers crank out taurocholate doesn’t mean swallowing manufactured sodium taurocholate offers the same effect, or the same level of safety.
Labs use sodium taurocholate to measure things like liver function and the ability of the gut to absorb nutrients. In a medical setting, professionals control the dose, check for allergies, and track side effects. Regulatory agencies such as the FDA haven’t approved sodium taurocholate as a general food additive due to the lack of sufficient large-scale studies in people outside of a research setting.
Some research suggests sodium taurocholate can irritate gut linings at high doses. Animal studies report minor inflammation and changes in gut bacteria when the chemical is given often or in larger quantities. Human data draws mostly from studies in digestive health, but these involve people with very specific health problems and with doses far below what anyone might find in an unregulated supplement.
Sodium taurocholate shows up on ingredient lists for some specialty pills and research treatments. In these cases, the amounts tend to be tiny and meant for patients under medical oversight. People hoping to improve digestion, lose weight, or boost energy by adding sodium taurocholate on their own run up against safety questions. None of the official nutrition or medical bodies recommend its use for healthy people, and the evidence just doesn’t stretch that far.
Scientists and doctors call for more studies on synthetic and animal-derived bile salts. There’s always a chance of allergic reaction, digestive upset, or unintended changes to bacteria in the intestine. The chemistry matches what’s happening naturally in the digestive system, but tweaks in source, purity, or dose could bring complications.
If fat digestion brings trouble, doctors often suggest enzyme supplements reviewed for safety, or adjustments to fat intake, before anything else. Sources of natural bile salts in food tend to be rare; most people meet their needs by supporting their own liver and gallbladder health through balanced eating. Drinking enough water, eating fibrous foods, and including moderate healthy fats usually keeps bile and digestion moving smoothly.
No bulletproof evidence in favor of sodium taurocholate as a supplement in daily diets. Until more high-quality clinical trials exist, the safest bet remains leaving this ingredient for the lab bench or a prescription pad rather than the kitchen counter. Anyone considering its use should work with a doctor rather than self-experimenting.
Sodium taurocholate turns up a lot in biochemical labs. It's one of those specialty chemicals that connects to bile salt research, cell culture work, and a lot of studies involving lipids and digestive processes. I’ve spent years digging through freezers and refrigerators in research facilities, and there’s always a bottle of sodium taurocholate tucked away, sometimes with a fading label and clumped powder. This stuff costs money. Mismanaging storage means both wasted resources and possibly compromised results.
Basic chemistry tells us—moisture, heat, and light don’t play nice with compounds like sodium taurocholate. The main rule that stuck with me since college: keep it cool and dry. What manufacturers recommend lines up with experience—a temperature range of 2°C to 8°C, so the average lab refrigerator works just fine. Skip the frost-free cycles though, since temperature swings take a toll over time. If someone asks about the freezer, that’s only for splitting bulk material into smaller aliquots for long-term use. For day-to-day access, the fridge shelf is the safer spot.
Walk into any lab and you’ll see the dehumidifier working overtime. Sodium taurocholate draws moisture from air; it clumps when stored open or in a damp spot. That clump throws off weighing, and inconsistent amounts can set an entire experiment back. Dry conditions aren’t a luxury, they’re a must. Simple tools like silica gel packs or sealed containers for every bottle do the trick. I’ve seen labs that treat this as an afterthought, but paying attention here saves headaches down the line.
The chemical structure of sodium taurocholate might seem tough, but long hours under bright light can eventually degrade some compounds. It’s worth using amber glass containers or keeping containers away from lab benches bathed in sunlight. Even regular fluorescent lighting adds up over months if a container sits out. The best labs keep their sodium taurocholate behind closed doors, literally, inside cabinets or fridges with opaque bins.
One overlooked point: clear, up-to-date labels. Expiry dates should be visible, along with opening dates and even initials. Without this, it’s anybody’s guess how old that powder or solution is, or if it’s seen temperature fluctuations. Audits and good lab practice push this rule, but in fast-moving research, day-to-day habits matter most. I keep a marker and labeling tape near the fridge—it’s a five-second chore that avoids mixing new and old stock.
Improper storage may push results off course and risks health if the compound degrades. Quality counts, especially in studies contributing to bigger medical or pharmaceutical projects. Reliable storage habits make the difference between publishable data and wild goose chases. There’s a surprising peace of mind in knowing that, after years in the lab, the samples you pull out are just as pure and as potent as the day they arrived.
Investing in airtight containers, regular temperature checks, and just a little discipline with labeling keeps sodium taurocholate fresh longer. Labs that commit to these habits avoid wasted money and guarantee better data integrity. These changes take minutes, but the return shows up in sharper, repeatable results and far less drama over ruined experiments.
Talking about Sodium Taurocholate takes me back to days in the lab, handling reagents that would make or break an experiment. One small impurity—one stray ion or decimal off in purity—shifted results and forced the team to retrace steps for days. With Sodium Taurocholate, that kind of setback is a regular risk if you skip close attention to purity levels. This substance, sourced from bile acids, features in countless research studies from microbiome assays to drug delivery systems. Slipshod quality brings down whole data sets, wastes months, and throws big research budgets into question. I learned to check purity details in the product spec sheet before any order or experiment started.
Some folks might see two sample bottles marked “Sodium Taurocholate” and think they’re the same. But walk into a professional biochemistry lab and purity will top the criteria list. Research-grade forms usually offer a minimum of 97% to 98% purity, and sometimes higher. That extra percentage matters if you're layering it into an enzyme assay or modeling biological membranes. Impurities, even rare ones, can block the natural detergent effect of the compound or interfere with receptor studies. In one project, a batch with 95% purity led to strange colorimetric readings—turns out that tiny 5% made all the difference. Testing proved the point: clean up the reagent and suddenly, the data snapped back in line with published literature.
Reading a certificate of analysis isn’t just bureaucracy—it’s the only way to see what you’re really getting. Analytical methods like HPLC or mass spectrometry back up purity claims, though not every product can claim rigorous in-house testing. Reputable suppliers put this information right up front. Some will list sodium taurocholate at “≥98% purity,” which filters out excess water, sodium salts, or bile acid contaminants. Anything below that threshold should raise big red flags for anyone running sensitive assays. If you’re aiming for work published in peer-reviewed journals or submitted to regulatory agencies, this kind of attention can’t be shortchanged.
Purity in chemicals trickles far beyond test tubes. Pharmaceutical companies building delivery models that rely on sodium taurocholate banks on high purity to nail consistency, stability, and patient safety. Even diagnostic assay makers factor in these specs, since one variable can ripple into thousands of faulty test results. The reliability of the whole medical ecosystem hinges on clean reagents and honest labeling. It’s startling that batches still circulate with barely-checked purity, sold at steep discounts but costing much more in research setbacks, retractions, or worst, clinical failure.
Checking for detailed certificates and batch testing before purchasing avoids so many headaches. Trust grows with suppliers who align with strict international quality standards, and it pays to get direct support when you spot numbers that don’t add up. Science keeps moving because so many have learned to inspect, not just accept. Keeping sodium taurocholate at high purity isn’t academic snobbery; from my experience, it’s the real backbone of robust results. Investment here keeps projects on track and reputations intact. That’s a lesson the numbers alone—whether it’s 98% or higher—can’t fully convey, but every trained eye in the lab knows to trust.
Anyone who’s spent time in a biochemistry or pharmaceutical lab has probably pulled a bottle of sodium taurocholate off the shelf. The name sounds technical and a little intimidating, but the real story is about what this compound can do. As a bile salt, sodium taurocholate pops up in scientific circles more often than you might guess.
Most of my hands-on experience with sodium taurocholate happened during cell membrane studies. It’s amazing how often researchers need to mimic the human body’s way of breaking down fats. This compound plays a big part in dissolving lipids, just as it does in the gut. Sometimes, you realize that a so-called “chemical” research tool isn’t some alien artifact—it’s modeled right after a molecule your own liver makes every day.
One reason sodium taurocholate shows up so much in pharmaceutical research boils down to drug testing. Before a pill winds up in your bathroom cabinet, it goes through layers of testing. Scientists don't just need to know if a drug molecule can cure an infection; they need to figure out if it actually gets into your bloodstream. Sodium taurocholate helps labs simulate what happens inside the digestive tract, especially with drugs that struggle to dissolve on their own.
Let’s say you’re working with a drug candidate that won’t dissolve in water. Instead of throwing in the towel, you add sodium taurocholate to your test mix. Because it forms micelles, this lab staple helps envelop oily drug molecules and coaxes them into solution. It’s not just a shortcut. The FDA takes bile salt-mediated drug permeability data pretty seriously.
Liver research feels incomplete without studying bile salts. Sodium taurocholate helps teams model the journey of real bile components outside a living organism. In my grad school days, I remember seeing animal liver slices sitting in media dosed with this compound. That trick gave us a peek at bile acid transporters, showing how different drugs or diseases slow or speed up the ride between liver and intestine.
Even outside drug research, sodium taurocholate becomes a teaching tool. Med schools and research hospitals use it to replicate gallbladder activity or to look at bile-related diseases. Want to screen a batch of new treatments for cholestatic conditions or see how genetic tweaks change cell transport? Dosing cell cultures and animal models with this stuff is a go-to method.
With its roots in the gut, it’s not shocking that sodium taurocholate surfaces in micro labs as well. Many bacteria need to handle bile salts to survive in the intestines. Adding sodium taurocholate to culture media helps researchers spot robust strains that could withstand gut defenses. For example, microbiologists test the ability of Clostridioides difficile to germinate in the presence of bile salts. This opens the door to finding new ways to fight nasty infections that pop up after antibiotic use.
Sodium taurocholate isn’t glamorous, but it’s carved out a space in modern science. Better tools could one day replace it, but for now, it helps bridge lab work and what happens in living bodies. Scientists are always chasing more precise models, especially for human digestion and liver function. Improved synthetic bile salts or advanced predictive computer models might cut down on animal studies. Until then, sodium taurocholate stays in the spotlight for anyone looking to understand absorption, disease, or even the next big antibiotic.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Sodium 2-[[(4R)-4-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxy-1-oxo-3-sulfonatopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]oxy-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate |
| Other names |
Sodium cholate, tauro Taurocholic acid sodium salt Sodium taurocholate hydrate Sodium cholyltaurinate 3α,7α,12α-Trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid tauro monosodium salt |
| Pronunciation | /ˌsəʊdiəm tɔːˈrɒkəˌleɪt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 145-42-6 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `3D model (JSmol)` string for **Sodium Taurocholate**: ``` C[C@H](CCCN(C)C)C(=O)NC[C@H](O)C1CC2C3C4CCC(C(CC4CCC3C2CC1O)O)S(=O)(=O)O.[Na+] ``` |
| Beilstein Reference | 3587262 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:9013 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1201476 |
| ChemSpider | 23321 |
| DrugBank | DB11132 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.022.288 |
| EC Number | 206-132-7 |
| Gmelin Reference | 6957 |
| KEGG | C02530 |
| MeSH | D013017 |
| PubChem CID | 6132 |
| RTECS number | XN8575000 |
| UNII | P4NWJ2J18R |
| UN number | UN2817 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C26H44NNaO7S |
| Molar mass | 537.66 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.34 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | freely soluble |
| log P | -8.7 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Acidity (pKa) | pKa = 2.0 |
| Basicity (pKb) | pKb: 5.08 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.421 |
| Viscosity | Viscous liquid |
| Dipole moment | 7.2 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | NaN |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A05AA11 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Causes skin and eye irritation. Harmful if swallowed or inhaled. |
| GHS labelling | GHS05, GHS07 |
| Pictograms | GHS05,GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302: Harmful if swallowed. |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-1-0 |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 Mouse oral 3000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral (rat): 7400 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | WI6150000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established. |
| REL (Recommended) | 200 mg/L |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not listed |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Cholic acid Taurocholic acid Sodium glycocholate Deoxycholic acid Sodium cholate |
