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Product Name: Sodium Oxide
Chemical Formula: Na2O
Synonyms: Disodium Oxide
Recommended Use: Used in glass-making, ceramics, laboratory reagent
Manufacturer Details: Supplier contact details should include physical address, phone number for emergencies—an established system for rapid response matters most
Emergency Contact: 24-hour chemical emergency hotline, prioritized for exposures and environmental release mitigation
CAS Number: 1313-59-3
Classification: Corrosive to metals, serious eye damage, skin corrosion
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, reacts violently with water, may cause respiratory irritation, corrosive to metals
Pictograms: Corrosive, exclamation mark (based on GHS)
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective clothing; keep containers tightly closed; avoid breathing dust and contact with water; always maintain proper ventilation where particles are present
Chemical Identity: Sodium Oxide
Concentration: >99% by weight in pure bulk form
Impurities: Small traces of sodium hydroxide or other alkali oxides may exist, although industrial sources typically control for high purity
Other Additives: Intentional additives not present in standard grades
Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; if symptoms like coughing, chest pain, or difficulty breathing develop, seek medical attention without delay
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing swiftly; rinse affected areas with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; chemical burns need hospital-level care
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with tepid water, lifting eyelids for at least ten minutes; always head to an eye specialist or ER even if discomfort subsides
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water; get the person to the hospital, making sure to mention sodium oxide so appropriate countermeasures are taken
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry sand, Class D fire extinguishers, or powdered graphite; never use water or foam—sodium oxide reacts violently, producing caustic fumes and heat
Explosion Hazards: Strong reaction with water or moisture can cause splattering or rupture of containers
Firefighting Gear: Specialized chemical-resistant gear and positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus; heat and caustic fumes pose real danger to responders
Hazardous Combustion Products: Releases sodium hydroxide fumes and potentially hydrogen gas, especially around water
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel, ventilate area, restrict entry
Protective Equipment: Don chemical splash goggles, face shield, gloves, and full-coverage protective clothing
Containment and Cleanup: Cover spill with dry inert absorbent (e.g., dry sand, vermiculite); carefully sweep up without generating dust, transfer to sealable, labeled containers for disposal
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, or soil—corrosive effects damage aquatic systems and nearby vegetation
Safe Handling Procedures: Always handle inside enclosures with local exhaust ventilation; avoid dust generation, direct contact, and all forms of moisture—keep tools dry and containers sealed
Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from acids and water; airtight containers, well-labeled, regularly checked for integrity; keep far from incompatible materials to cut down risk of unwanted reactions
Incompatible Materials: Steer clear of water, acids, halogenated organics, oxidizers, flammable solvents—these boost the danger level fast
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL and ACGIH TLV not specifically listed, but workplace levels of total alkali dust should not exceed 2 mg/m3 over eight hours
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust in processing and transfer areas, maintain negative air pressure in dedicated chemical rooms
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, splash goggles, laboratory coats or full-coverage suits, closed shoes; face shield if dust or splash risks are present, approved respirators for airborne dust
Appearance: White or off-white, fine to granular powder
Odor: Odorless
Molecular Weight: 61.98 g/mol
Melting Point: 1132°C
Boiling Point: 1950°C (decomposes on heating)
Solubility: Reacts vigorously with water, forming sodium hydroxide
Density: 2.27 g/cm3
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
pH (in water): N/A—reaction with water yields caustic soda instead
Chemical Stability: Stable under dry, inert gas; breaks down rapidly with water or moisture exposure
Reactive Ingredients: Contact with acids, water, or humid air triggers rapid heat evolution and caustic by-products
Hazardous Reaction Products: Sodium hydroxide, hydrogen gas (under specific conditions), exothermic energy release can breach containers or generate spray
Incompatible Conditions: Humid environments, water-rich settings, contact with flammable materials
Acute Toxicity: Inhalation or skin contact produces burns, ulceration, and scarring; eye exposure often leads to irreversible damage; ingestion results in internal ulcerations, vomiting, diarrhea, and shock
Chronic Effects: Long-term inhalation causes persistent respiratory problems; repeated skin exposure leads to dermatitis or increased risk of sensitization
Routes of Exposure: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract
Carcinogenicity: No evidence for sodium oxide itself, but injury and scarring from repeated exposure may make tissues more vulnerable
Environmental Impact: Strongly alkaline; just a small amount entering waterways shifts pH enough to threaten aquatic life
Persistence and Degradability: Reacts with moisture and carbon dioxide to form sodium hydroxide and soda ash, each with high environmental mobility
Bioaccumulative Potential: Rapid dissolution and distribution in water; does not build up in biological tissues
Effects on Organisms: High toxicity in aquatic organisms; alters local soil chemistry, reducing plant growth nearby
Waste Treatment Methods: Neutralize with dilute acid under controlled conditions, ensuring no splatter or gas buildup—a chemical hood works best
Contaminated Containers: Rinse thoroughly with neutralizing solutions before recycling or disposal
Regulations: Waste classification under hazardous waste codes for corrosive substances; only licensed hazardous waste contractors should handle final removal
Precautions: No uncontrolled release to drains, surface water, or open soil
UN Number: UN 1823
Shipping Name: Sodium Oxide
Transport Labels: Corrosive solid, class 8
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Special Transport Notes: Secure upright, dry containers; check for leaks and secondary containment to protect against jolting, vibration, or accidental water contact in transit
European Regulation: Covered by REACH; strict handling, workplace exposure regulations apply
US Regulations: OSHA, EPA hazardous chemical status; TSCA inventory
WHMIS Classification (Canada): Corrosive material
Additional Notes: Employers are required by law to provide workers with hazard communication training, PPE, and access to updated safety data sheets; incidents must be reported through the proper channels to reduce repeat risk and contribute to community safety
