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Product name: Sodium Chloroacetate
Chemical formula: C2H2ClNaO2
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Common use: Intermediate for organic synthesis, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals
CAS number: 3926-62-3
Odor: Slightly pungent, sometimes unpleasant
Hazards: Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption. Corrosive properties can bring serious burns or eye injury. Harmful effects often appear at low exposure levels. Blood, liver, and nervous system damage can follow.
GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), Skin Corrosion/Irritation, Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation, Specific Target Organ Toxicity
Pictograms: Skull-and-crossbones, exclamation mark, corrosion icon
Health effects: Symptoms may hit fast—nausea, headache, vomiting, breathing issues, skin and eye irritation, organ toxicity on long or heavy exposure.
Routes of exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, eye contact, ingestion
Main component: Sodium Chloroacetate (more than 95% typical)
Impurities: Trace amounts of chloroacetic acid may occur if improperly stored
Sodium content: Contributes to reactivity and water sensitivity
Chlorine source: The chlorine atom governs much of the reactivity profile
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air promptly. If breathing stalls or changes, get emergency care. Medical help matters—delay wastes crucial minutes.
Skin contact: Take off contaminated clothing without delay. Flood skin with water and wash gently with soap. Seek medical attention if burns appear.
Eye contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids repeatedly. No rubbing. Medical care is critical.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth if conscious. Immediate transport to emergency care is necessary.
Suitable extinguishing media: Use dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, or foam. Water spray may work for cooling containers—not to douse flames directly. Stay alert for toxic gases under heat.
Hazards: Decomposition can throw up highly toxic fumes—hydrogen chloride, sodium oxides, phosgene, or even carbon monoxide under strong heat.
Protective equipment: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full gear. No short-cuts.
Firefighting challenges: Runoff water may contaminate soil or water systems. Block drains with sandbags. Do not let it spread.
Personal protection: Put on chemical-resistant clothing, gloves, and splash-proof goggles before clean-up. Respirators reduce inhalation risk.
Spill control: Avoid dust. Sweep spills using non-sparking tools and shovel into leakproof containers. Absorb residue with inert material like sand.
Environmental containment: Do not flush to drains. If it hits the waterway, notify proper environmental authorities.
Decontamination: Wash area well with plenty of water, using alkali cleaners to neutralize residue.
Safe handling: Minimize direct contact. Handle in a well-ventilated setting, away from heat or possible ignition sources. No eating, drinking, or smoking nearby.
Storage conditions: Store in airtight containers, locked up and separated from strong acids, bases, oxidizers, or combustible materials. Shade from sunlight and keep below normal room temperature.
Labeling: Clear, permanent warnings on every container. No recycled containers unless professionally cleaned.
Ventilation: Keep air moving—preferably with local exhaust. Dust collection reduces airborne contamination.
Respiratory protection: Use NIOSH-approved respirators if dust or vapors threaten. Full-face models give better eye protection.
Skin protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, lab coats, and suitable chemical aprons.
Eye protection: Goggles with sideshields safeguard against splashes.
Monitoring: Regular workplace air sampling for sodium chloroacetate builds trust in protective measures and catches problems early.
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline solid
Melting point: Typically falls between 195–197°C
Solubility: Easily dissolves in water, limited solubility in organic solvents
Odor: Faint, sometimes sharp
Vapor pressure: Low at room temperature
Density: Near 1.6 g/cm³
pH (1% solution): Mildly acidic
Reactivity: Active with acids, bases, strong oxidizers
Chemical stability: Holds steady under normal storage, but moisture and heat speed decomposition.
Hazardous reactions: Shows strong reactivity toward acids and bases, creating possible toxic gases.
Decomposition products: Exposure to high heat or acids can throw off hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide.
Incompatibilities: Keep well away from oxidizers, reducing agents, strong acids, and strong bases. Reactivity jumps up if any of these are present.
Routes of entry: Inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption
Acute effects: Rapid symptoms like headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, nausea, convulsions, respiratory distress, or coma on high exposure
Chronic effects: Organ damage (especially liver and kidneys), neurological deficits from long exposure
Carcinogenicity: No clear evidence, but risk remains under review with limited data
Other dangers: Can aggravate pre-existing skin, respiratory, or liver conditions
Aquatic toxicity: Harms water creatures quickly, especially fish and small invertebrates
Persistence: Breaks down slowly in soil and water, raises risks for ongoing contamination
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely but possible with repeat releases, especially in poorly managed sites
Soil impact: Damages plant roots, disrupts microbe life even at modest concentrations
Mobility: Water-soluble character can lead to wide spread if released or washed away
Disposal method: Send hazardous waste only to licensed disposal companies. High-temperature incineration with gas scrubbing reduces environmental risk.
Container handling: Triple rinse empty drums. Do not send to landfill unless fully decontaminated and legally certified.
Restrictions: Never discharge into natural waters, sewers, or the general waste stream.
Community responsibility: Inform and involve local authorities before large-scale disposal.
UN number: UN No. 2579
Hazard class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing group: II (medium danger)
Labels: Toxic substance, corrosive (on some transport types)
Transport conditions: Closed, secure containers, temperature monitored if possible
Spill response: Emergency crews need to recognize the toxic and corrosive signs—avoid water runoff, use appropriate cleanup gear
Workplace regulations: Covered under chemical hazard communication and exposure limit rules in many countries
Environmental standards: Reports needed under controlled substance guides, with record-keeping on use and disposal
Labeling: Hazard statements and pictograms required
Restriction status: Limits in place for agricultural and pharmaceutical use; authorization forms may be needed in some regions
