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Product Name: Sodium Chlorite
Synonyms: Chlorous acid, sodium salt
Chemical Formula: NaClO2
Molecular Weight: 90.44 g/mol
CAS Number: 7758-19-2
Intended Use: Bleaching agent, textile processing, water treatment disinfectant, paper pulp bleaching, laboratory reagent
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Classification: Oxidizing Solid (Category 2), Acute Toxicity Oral (Category 3), Skin Corrosion (Category 1B), Eye Damage (Category 1), Aquatic Acute Hazard (Category 1)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer. Toxic if swallowed. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Very toxic to aquatic life.
Pictograms: Flame over circle, skull and crossbones, corrosion, environment
Precautionary Statements: Do not breathe dust or fumes. Wash exposed skin thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye/face protection. Avoid release to the environment.
Substance: Sodium Chlorite
Concentration: ≥80% (technical grade)
Impurities: Sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium chlorate (NaClO3), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) present in trace amounts
EC Number: 231-836-6
UN Number: 1496
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. If breathing difficulty, provide oxygen or artificial respiration. Seek medical advice right away.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Give water to dilute if person is conscious. Immediate medical help is critical.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse affected area with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention.
Eye Contact: Flush gently with water or saline for at least 20 minutes, keeping eyelids apart. Do not allow victim to rub eyes. Obtain immediate medical care.
Important Symptoms: Burning sensation, coughing, sore throat, abdominal pain, severe irritation, risk of methemoglobinemia and shock in severe poisoning
Advice to Physician: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Monitor for respiratory and cardiovascular complications. In severe cases, methylene blue may help treat methemoglobinemia.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Flood with water spray. Dry chemicals, CO2, or foam not effective for bulk material.
Not to Use: Never use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam for large fires involving sodium chlorite — these can trigger violent reactions.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Irritating and toxic gases including chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and sodium oxides
Fire Hazards: Strong oxidizer — intensifies fire, may cause fire/explosion if in contact with combustibles. Risk of explosion from heat or contamination.
Special Equipment: Full protective gear and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Stay upwind of fire and avoid runoff.
Further Notes: Move containers from fire if safe. Cool unopened drums with water mist. Prevent fire control water from entering waterways.
Personal Protection: Use gloves, impervious clothing, goggles, and suitable respiratory protection. Avoid dust generation and inhalation.
Environmental Precautions: Keep spills out of drains, sewers, and surface water — highly toxic to aquatic life and persistent in environment.
Cleanup Methods: Sweep up carefully and collect in sealed, non-combustible containers. Do not use combustible cleaning tools; wet down material to minimize dust formation. Dispose according to local environmental regulations.
Emergency Procedures: Evacuate unprotected personnel. Provide ventilation. Isolate area until cleanup is complete.
Handling: Wear chemical-resistant gear, avoid eye and skin contact, don’t eat or smoke during work. Open containers in well-ventilated areas. Minimize generation of dust or aerosols. Keep away from incompatible substances like acids, organics, reducing agents, and combustibles.
Storage: Keep tightly closed in original packaging, dry, away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. Store only in clean, dedicated areas separate from combustibles, acids, and flammable materials. Prevent contamination with any organic or readily oxidizable material.
Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV not established, but minimize dust exposure as for particulates not otherwise classified
Engineering Controls: Complete enclosure and local exhaust recommended. Use eyewash stations and emergency showers in immediate vicinity of use.
Personal Protective Equipment: Airtight goggles, face shield, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile/neoprene), long sleeves and apron, dust mask/respirator approved for particulates, or full-facepiece air-purifying respirator for severe exposure.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, arms, and face after handling. Remove and wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
Appearance: White or pale yellow crystalline powder or flakes
Odor: Almost odorless, may have a slight chlorine-like smell
Melting Point: 180°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Solubility: Very soluble in water (39 g/100 mL at 17°C)
Density: 2.468 g/cm3
pH (1% solution): 10.5 – 11.5
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
Flash Point: Not combustible, but supports combustion
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): -3.0 (estimated)
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions. Decomposes on heating with release of toxic gases.
Incompatible Materials: Acids, reducing agents, organic materials, ammonium salts, powdered metals, sulfur, phosphorus, and flammable liquids
Hazardous Decomposition: Chlorine dioxide, chlorine, sodium oxide
Polymerization: Does not undergo hazardous polymerization
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flame, moisture, contamination with acids or organic substances
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 165 mg/kg; inhalation and dermal toxicity significant with symptoms including headache, nausea, abdominal pain, hemolytic anemia, and methemoglobinemia
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe burns
Eye Damage: Severe eye damage, risk of blindness
Chronic Effects: Repeated low-dose exposures can affect blood and kidneys, may trigger allergic reactions
Sensitization: Not classified as a sensitizer, but prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogen based on available data; no evidence of mutagenicity in standard assays
Aquatic Toxicity: Extremely toxic to aquatic organisms (LC50 for fish: 0.13 - 0.28 mg/L in 96 hours)
Persistence: Decomposes in water but products may remain hazardous
Bioaccumulation: Low potential due to substance’s water solubility and reactivity
Other Effects: May cause long-lasting adverse effects in aquatic environments, can disrupt microbial processes in wastewater treatments and natural waters
Waste Disposal: Treat as hazardous chemical waste. Incineration preferred after mixing with a reducing agent to convert chlorite to chloride; neutralize and flush to sewer only if permitted by regulation.
Container Disposal: Triple rinse then offer for recycling or reconditioning; otherwise, puncture and dispose of in accordance with local/federal guidelines.
Regulatory Requirements: Check local, state, and federal environmental control authorities before disposal. Release to the environment strictly limited.
UN Number: 1496
Proper Shipping Name: Sodium chlorite
Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizer)
Packing Group: II
Labels Required: Oxidizer
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions: Keep away from organic materials and reducing agents during transport. Segregate from foods and feedstuffs.
OSHA: Classified as hazardous per OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
TSCA: Listed
SARA Title III: Section 302: not listed; Section 313: not listed as toxic chemical
EPA: Regulated as pesticide active ingredient and toxic substance
REACH: Registered and subject to authorization for certain uses
WHMIS (Canada): Classified as D1A (very toxic), D2B (other toxic), and C (oxidizing material)
Other Regulations: Follow all relevant country, state, and local laws; may be regulated for sale, distribution, and use due to toxicity and oxidizing properties
