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Product Name: Silver Nitrate
Chemical Formula: AgNO3
Common Names: Lunar Caustic
Manufacturer: Various chemical suppliers globally
Recommended Uses: Laboratory reagent, water treatment, photography, medical use for cauterization
Contact Information: Emergency contacts provided by supplier, including phone numbers and email addresses for fast response
UN Number: 1493
EC Number: 231-853-9
Molecular Weight: 169.87 g/mol
GHS Classification: Oxidizing solids (Category 2), Acute toxicity oral (Category 4), Skin corrosion (Category 1B), Hazardous to aquatic life (Acute and Chronic, Category 1)
Pictograms: Flame over circle, exclamation mark, corrosion, environment
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may intensify fire, harmful if swallowed, very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact with skin and eyes, keep away from combustible material, use protective equipment, do not release to the environment
Chemical Name: Silver Nitrate
Concentration: 99–100%
CAS Number: 7761-88-8
Impurities: Trace levels of inorganic substances may occur depending on manufacturing process, but typically insignificant for most uses
Ingredients: Contains no additional ingredients or stabilizers in pure chemical form
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical advice
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes immediately with numerous gentle streams of water, lifting eyelids occasionally, continue flushing for minimum of 15 minutes and get medical attention promptly
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, monitor breathing, administer oxygen if needed, consult medical professionals, if not breathing begin rescue breathing
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical help
Notes for Physicians: Silver ion toxicity primarily affects mucous membranes and skin, special attention to corrosive injuries is essential
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; avoid foam and halogenated agents
Specific Hazards: Strong oxidizer, increases fire risk, may react with combustible and reducing materials
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing
Fire/Explosion Hazards: May emit toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides and silver compounds upon decomposition
Advice for Firefighters: Isolate hazard area, use water to cool containers but avoid water run-off entering waterways
Additional Comments: Keep all unnecessary personnel away from affected area
Personal Precautions: Wear suitable protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, lab coat, and face shield
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry to sewers, drains, or waterways, contain spillage using inert, non-combustible materials
Cleanup Methods: Scoop up spilled substance, place in clearly labeled, sealable container, decontaminate area with copious water, avoid dust formation
Disposal: Follow appropriate hazardous waste procedures as outlined by local and national regulations
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated spaces, avoid inhalation or contact with skin and eyes, keep away from reducing agents and combustibles. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during processes involving this compound. Immediately wash hands and face after handling
Storage: Store in tightly closed, labeled containers out of direct sunlight, away from intense heat or open flame. Keep in cool, dry area, separate from organic materials, acids, and bases. Use secure, corrosion-resistant shelving. Provide secondary containment if possible
Exposure Limits: Silver (as Ag), OSHA PEL: 0.01 mg/m3 (TWA). NIOSH REL: 0.01 mg/m3 (TWA)
Engineering Controls: Work in fume hood or use adequate local exhaust ventilation
Personal Protective Equipment:
- Eyes: Chemical splash goggles or face shield
- Hands: Impermeable gloves (nitrile, neoprene or natural rubber)
- Skin: Laboratory coat, apron, and additional barrier protection
- Respiratory: Approved particulate filter respirators if ventilation inadequate
Appearance: Colorless, odorless crystalline solid
Melting Point: 212°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes above 444°C
Solubility: Water soluble (2150 g/L at 20°C)
Density: 4.35 g/cm3
pH: Slightly acidic (4-6 in aqueous solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible under normal conditions
Other Properties: Sensitive to light, darkens upon exposure, non-flammable but strong oxidizer
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: Reacts vigorously with strong reducing agents, reacts with organic materials and ammonia to form explosive compounds
Incompatible Materials: Organic materials, acids, bases, phosphorous, charcoal, powdered metals, sulfides
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, silver oxides
Polymerization: Does not undergo hazardous polymerization
Routes of Exposure: Eye contact, skin contact, ingestion, inhalation
Acute Effects: Severe irritation and chemical burns to eyes, mucous membranes, and skin; gastrointestinal pain if swallowed
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may lead to argyria: irreversible bluish-gray pigmentation of skin, eyes, and mucous membranes
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system
Symptoms: Sensation of burning, pain, discoloration at point of contact, breathing difficulties if inhaled
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogen by NTP, IARC, or OSHA
Toxicity Data: Oral LD50 (rat): 1173 mg/kg
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms, severe short and long-term hazard
Persistence and Degradability: Silver nitrate does not degrade easily, persists in water and soil
Bioaccumulation: Silver ions can accumulate in aquatic organisms, posing risks to food webs
Mobility in Soil: Soluble, can migrate through soil to affect larger environments
Additional Notes: Small releases cause serious ecosystem damage, attention required for safe disposal and spill control
Waste Handling: Treat as hazardous waste, use approved chemical disposal firm
Unused Product: Collect in tightly sealed, labeled containers, keep separate from general waste
Contaminated Packaging: Dispose through specialized waste contractor, following regulations for oxidizers and heavy metals
Legal Requirements: Comply with all applicable federal, state, and local laws regarding disposal of hazardous chemical materials
Recycling: Silver recovery methods exist but require specialist equipment and controlled process
UN Number: 1493
Shipping Name: Silver Nitrate
Transport Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizing substances)
Packing Group: II
Labels Required: Oxidizer label, corrosive label
Special Precautions: Package in secure, corrosion-proof containers. Keep away from organic or flammable cargo. Follow International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG), International Air Transport Association (IATA), and Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations for hazardous materials
OSHA Status: Regulated hazardous chemical
SARA Title III: Section 313 listed substance (silver compounds)
TSCA Status: Listed in Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
EINECS: Listed under European Community regulations
Labeling: Complies with GHS, United States, European, Canadian, and international transport and safety codes
Other Regulations: Subject to reporting requirements in workplaces, storage limits in laboratories, and strict control under environmental protection standards
