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Product Name: Pyridinium Tribromide
Chemical Formula: C5H5NBr3
CAS Number: 39416-48-3
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, oxidizing agent
Manufacturer: Contact chemical supplier or distributor for details
Emergency Contact: Refer to local country’s poison control center or emergency phone line
Synonyms: Pyridine, tribromide
Molecular Weight: 319.77 g/mol
Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral), Skin Corrosion/Irritation, Eye Damage/Irritation, Specific Target Organ Toxicity, Environmental Hazard
Label Elements: Danger pictogram, signal word “Danger”, hazard statements for corrosivity and environmental harm
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns, serious eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, toxic if swallowed, very toxic to aquatic life
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust and fumes, wash hands thoroughly, use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area, wear protective gear, avoid release to environment
Symptoms of Exposure: Irritation or burns to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, headache, shortness of breath, nausea
Chemical Name: Pyridinium tribromide
Concentration: >98% pure (can vary by supplier)
Impurities/Additives: Minor quantities of pyridine, hydrobromic acid residues
Other Components: None identified as hazardous under standard use
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air promptly, seek medical help immediately; provide oxygen if breathing is difficult
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes; immediately call a physician
Eye Contact: Flush eyes gently with running water for at least 20 minutes, keeping eyelids raised; urgently consult an ophthalmologist
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, give plenty of water only if person is fully conscious; never induce vomiting; get medical attention at once
General Advice: Ensure medical personnel are aware of the chemical involved; treat symptomatically and supportively
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide for small fires.
Special Hazards: Emits toxic and corrosive gases (bromine, hydrogen bromide, pyridine fumes) when burning or heated.
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical protective clothing resistant to corrosive and acidic fumes.
Firefighting Procedures: Approach upwind, prevent spillage into sewers or waterways, evacuate area if large fire threatens containers.
Thermal Decomposition Products: Releases bromine, hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unprotected personnel, ventilate area, avoid breathing vapors or contact with skin and eyes.
Protective Equipment: Chemical goggles, resistant gloves, lab coat, full-face shield, respirator if airborne concentrations are high.
Methods for Cleanup: Carefully sweep up spilt material or absorb with inert material like sand and place in a tightly sealed container. Do not use metal tools.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe; do not allow product to reach drains, watercourses, or soil.
Decontamination: Wash spill site thoroughly after material pickup is complete; ventilate area.
Handling: Handle under fume hood or well-ventilated area; avoid all contact with skin, eyes, and clothing; do not inhale dust or vapor.
Personal Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse; avoid food, beverage, or smoking near work area.
Storage Conditions: Keep tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from light; segregate from bases, strong reducing agents, metals.
Incompatibilities: Metals (especially aluminum, zinc), strong bases, strong oxidizers, organic combustibles.
Container Materials: Store in glass or chemical-resistant containers; avoid metal packaging.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation or chemical fume hood to minimize airborne exposure.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical goggles or safety glasses with side-shields, impervious gloves (nitrile or neoprene), lab coat, closed shoes.
Respiratory Protection: Use an approved respirator if airborne concentrations threaten safety or exceed limits.
Environmental Controls: Prevent discharge into the environment; use spill control devices.
Workplace Hygiene: Remove and wash contaminated clothing before re-use; keep away from food and drink.
Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits established; treat as hazardous until more data available.
Appearance: Deep red to orange crystalline solid
Odor: Strong acrid odor similar to bromine
Odor Threshold: No established limit
pH: Slightly acidic in water solution
Melting Point: Approx. 145–150°C; decomposes
Boiling Point: Not applicable; decomposes
Solubility: Soluble in water, pyridine, and acetone
Density: Around 2.5 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Not significant at room temperature
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: Decomposes under heat
Flash Point: Not flammable (oxidizer, not combustible)
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions; decomposes on exposure to moisture, light, or heat.
Reactivity: Powerful oxidizing agent reacts violently with combustibles, strong bases, organic materials, and metals.
Hazardous Polymerization: Not likely under normal conditions.
Decomposition Products: Bromine vapor, hydrogen bromide, nitrogen oxides, pyridine fumes on heating or burning.
Incompatible Materials: Bases, metals, reducing substances, organic matter.
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, light, sources of ignition, incompatible substances.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact
Acute Effects: Corrosive to skin, eyes, respiratory tract; can produce severe burns or tissue necrosis; inhalation causes coughing, bronchospasm, shortness of breath; ingestion may be fatal or lead to burns in mouth, throat, and stomach
Chronic Effects: May cause lasting damage to exposed organs, particularly eyes or lungs
Acute Toxicity Data: LD50 (oral, rat): data suggest strong toxicity in low-moderate doses (consult supplier’s data)
Skin Sensitization: Not fully investigated
Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity, Reproductive Toxicity: No adequate data available; handle with caution
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms even at very low concentrations; causes adverse effects in fish and invertebrates
Environmental Fate: Breakdown products include bromine compounds that persist in water and soil
Bioaccumulation: No data, likely low due to reactivity, but breakdown products may accumulate
Mobility: Soluble in water; may migrate in soil and contaminate groundwater
Other Hazards: Strong oxidizer increases fire risk in organic-rich environments
Disposal Methods: Dispose as hazardous waste according to local, regional, and federal regulations; never pour down drain or dispose with household garbage
Recommended Disposal: Incinerate in a chemical incinerator equipped with scrubber for acid and bromine vapors, or send to authorized hazardous waste contractor
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly before disposal, handle as hazardous waste
Precautions: Prevent contamination of surface water, sewers, soils; consult licensed waste disposal provider
UN Number: UN3260
Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive solid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (contains Pyridinium Tribromide)
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II
Label Requirements: Corrosive pictogram, relevant hazard labels
Transportation Mode: Regulated as hazardous material by air, sea, and road; avoid contact with incompatible goods
Additional Measures: Keep away from food and animal feed during transport; recommend securing all containers to prevent movement
TSCA Status (USA): Not listed specifically; verify with supplier
OSHA Status: Corrosive material, hazardous under OSHA criteria
REACH (EU): Not pre-registered or registered, subject to restrictions
Hazard Codes: H301 (Toxic if swallowed), H314 (Causes severe skin burns and eye damage), H400 (Very toxic to aquatic life)
Risk Phrases: R25 (Toxic if swallowed), R34 (Causes burns), R50 (Very toxic to aquatic organisms)
Other Standards: Handle following all applicable national and international guidelines
