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Product Name: Potassium Paraperiodate
Synonyms: Dipotassium Periodate, Potassium Metaperiodate
Chemical Formula: KIO4
CAS Number: 7790-21-8
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, oxidizing agent in chemical analysis
Manufacturer: Contact details required, including emergency contact information
Emergency Phone: Use local poison control or fire department emergency lines
Product Description: White crystalline solid, odorless, solid at room temperature
GHS Classification: Oxidizing solid (Category 2), Acute toxicity (Oral, Category 4), Eye irritation (Category 2A)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: May intensify fire; oxidizer. Harmful if swallowed. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause skin irritation on prolonged contact.
Pictograms: Flame over circle, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat and sources of ignition. Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling this chemical. Wear protective clothing and eye protection. In case of inadequate ventilation, wear respiratory protection.
Chemical Name: Potassium Paraperiodate
CAS Number: 7790-21-8
Concentration: 100%
Impurities: No significant impurities expected in analytical grade material
Molecular Weight: 230.0 g/mol
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes gently with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the eyelids. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Seek medical attention promptly.
Skin Contact: Wash with copious amounts of soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes immediately. Seek medical advice if irritation occurs.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. If breathing becomes difficult, seek medical assistance. Provide oxygen if breathing is labored or irregular.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel. Drink water to dilute. Contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical based on the source of the fire. Use only water spray for this chemical; other agents might accelerate reactions.
Hazards Arising from the Chemical: Strong oxidizing agent. On decomposition forms hazardous gases like iodine fumes and potassium oxides. Chemical enhances combustion of other materials.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear.
Special Procedures: Approach from an upwind direction. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water, even after the fire is out, to prevent re-ignition due to heat.
Explosion Data: Not known to be sensitive to mechanical impact, friction, or static discharge; main risk is from contact with combustible materials.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel and ventilate area. Prevent contact with eyes and skin. Wear protective clothing, gloves, and safety goggles. Remove ignition sources.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent chemical from entering drains, surface waters, or soil. Advise authorities if contamination occurs.
Clean-up Methods: Sweep up carefully, without generating dust, and place in a suitable, labeled container for proper disposal. Use tools rated for oxidizing chemicals. Wash til clean with water, ensure all residues are removed.
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas. Avoid dust formation. Do not breathe dust, fumes, or vapors. Keep containers tightly closed and dry. Keep away from incompatible materials such as organic matter, reducers, combustibles. Handle with chemical-resistant gloves and eye protection.
Storage: Store in original container away from heat, sunlight, and incompatible materials. Maintain at room temperature, avoid freezing or excessive heat. Secure location with restricted access. Segregate from acids, reducing agents, and flammable substances. Keep container upright to prevent leakage, use secondary containment in case of spills.
Control Parameters: Occupational exposure limits not established for this chemical. Minimize exposure as much as possible.
Engineering Controls: Use fume hood or other local exhaust ventilation for handling large quantities or when dust may develop.
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles, laboratory coat, chemical-resistant gloves, and, in situations of high exposure, a respirator approved for inorganic dusts/oxidizers.
Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after use, especially before eating, drinking, or smoking. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Appearance: White crystalline powder or solid
Odor: None
pH: Not available
Melting Point: Decomposes above 560°C
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
Solubility: Soluble in water (moderate); insoluble in ethanol
Density: Approx. 3.7 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at ambient conditions
Flash Point: Not applicable
Explosive Properties: No data; strong oxidation risk
Oxidizing Properties: Strong oxidizer; readily promotes combustion in contact with organic materials or other oxidizable substances
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions and in closed containers.
Reactivity: Highly reactive with organic materials, reducing agents, acids, and combustible substances. Reacts violently releasing heat and potentially hazardous decomposition products.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flame, direct sunlight, moisture, contamination with organic or reducing agents.
Incompatible Materials: Acids, organic substances, powdered metals, reducing agents, sulfur-containing compounds, combustible materials.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Iodine vapors, potassium oxides on thermal decomposition or in fire situations.
Acute Toxicity: Harmful if ingested; LD50 (oral, rat) estimated at 600-800 mg/kg. Data for chronic exposure not well documented.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion.
Symptoms: Irritation to respiratory tract, coughing, eye pain, redness, skin irritation, possible gastrointestinal pain, vomiting, or cramps if swallowed.
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure may aggravate existing health concerns with thyroid function or the mucous membranes.
Carcinogenicity: Classified as not carcinogenic by ACGIH, NTP, IARC (as of knowledge cutoff).
Additional Info: No sufficient studies exploring reproductive toxicity or specific organ effects for this compound.
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms due to oxidative strength, can disrupt aquatic life at low concentrations. No detailed long-term studies available.
Persistence and Degradability: Not considered biodegradable; can persist as stable inorganic salt in aquatic and terrestrial systems.
Bioaccumulation: Not known to bioaccumulate in animal tissues, though persistent in environment.
Mobility in Soil: Reasonably mobile in water due to moderate solubility, may leach into groundwater under improper disposal conditions.
Other Adverse Effects: Considered hazardous for water bodies; regulatory thresholds apply in most jurisdictions.
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose in compliance with local, regional, national, and international regulations. Prevent entry into sewers, waterways, or soil.
Container Disposal: Rinse container thoroughly before recycling or disposal. Do not reuse empty containers.
Disposal of Substance: Use licensed hazardous waste disposal contractor. Neutralize residual chemical with reducing agent under expert supervision before disposal when legally permitted.
Environmental Cautions: Avoid discharge to the environment under any circumstances; accidents require rapid response to mitigate soil or water contamination.
UN Number: 1483
UN Proper Shipping Name: Potassium Periodate
Transport Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizing substances)
Packing Group: II
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Transport Precautions: Store separate from flammable, organic, and reducing agents during transportation. Keep container sealed, dry, and away from sunlight. Emergency response guide and placard required for bulk shipments.
U.S. Regulatory Status: TSCA listed, subject to reporting and handling provisions. SARA Title III (Section 313) not listed. RCRA requires hazardous waste identification.
EU Regulation: Listed in EINECS/ELINCS registers; subject to REACH provisions for hazardous substances. CLP labeling required.
Canada: DSL/NDSL listed, controlled under WHMIS for oxidizers.
Other Regulations: National and local authorities may have exposure controls, permitted discharge levels, and labeling standards. Workplace exposure monitoring may apply.
