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Product Name: Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Synonyms: Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, Potassium phosphate monobasic
Chemical Formula: KH₂PO₄
CAS Number: 7778-77-0
Recommended Uses: Fertilizer, food additive, buffering agent in laboratory settings, ingredient in nutrient solutions
Supplier Details: Name, address, and emergency phone number for the supplier should appear on the actual product packaging or accompanying documents for precise traceability
Emergency Contact: Local poison control center or dedicated chemical emergency response number
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under GHS guidelines
Signal Word: None
Hazard Statements: Under most handling, no direct hazard expected; irritation possible with prolonged contact or ingestion
Precautionary Statements: Avoid inhaling dust or allowing it to contact eyes or open skin; keep away from incompatible materials, wear protective gear to reduce direct exposure risk
Potential Health Effects: Possible eye or skin irritation, respiratory discomfort from dust, mild gastrointestinal irritation after ingestion in large quantities
Environmental Hazards: Large quantities spilled in water sources could spur eutrophication and disturb aquatic nutrients
Chemical Identity: Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Common Name: Monopotassium Phosphate
Concentration: Minimum 98% (typical commercial grade)
Impurities: May include trace amounts of sodium, chloride, or sulfate ions due to production methods
EC Number: 231-913-4
Inhalation: Move exposed person to fresh air; support breathing if discomfort begins; seek medical help if symptoms do not resolve
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse exposed skin thoroughly with water; seek attention for persistent irritation or allergic reaction
Eye Contact: Gently rinse eyes with clean water for several minutes, keeping eyelids open; obtain medical advice for ongoing redness or discomfort
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water immediately; drink water to dilute if large amounts swallowed; seek medical guidance for persistent symptoms or exposure in children
Medical Attention: Symptomatic treatment; show product label or material data sheet to healthcare providers
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry powder, foam, or carbon dioxide for surrounding fire; material itself is non-flammable
Unsuitable Media: None expected; avoid high-pressure water jet if risk of dust spread exists
Fire Hazards: Product will not burn or explode; may release irritating fumes at high temperatures, such as phosphorous oxides
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear to minimize inhalation of potential fumes
Advice for Firefighters: Contain runoff and prevent entry into drains or water bodies
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, dust mask, and eye protection to limit exposure; avoid generating dust during cleanup
Environmental Precautions: Prevent large quantities from reaching natural waterways or municipal drains
Cleanup Methods: Sweep up material without generating dust; place in labeled containers for proper disposal; ventilate spill area
Decontamination: Wash spill area with plenty of water after material is cleared away
Safe Handling: Keep container tightly sealed; minimize dust generation; wash hands after handling and before eating or drinking
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, moisture, and incompatible substances such as strong acids or bases
Incompatibilities: Oxidizing agents, alkaline materials, magnesium; avoid mixing to reduce reaction risks
Packaging Materials: Use corrosion-resistant containers and avoid contact with packaging that can absorb moisture
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established limits for potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation to keep dust below recommended levels
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety glasses or goggles, lightweight chemical-resistant gloves, long-sleeved clothing, dust mask for airborne particles
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, change out of contaminated clothes immediately, avoid touching eyes during work
Environmental Protection: Enclose processes whenever possible, install dust filters on exhaust streams
Appearance: White, odorless crystalline powder or granules
Molecular Weight: 136.09 g/mol
Melting Point: 252 °C (decomposes)
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, practically insoluble in alcohol
pH: Approximately 4.4 (1% solution)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable (non-volatile solid)
Density: 2.338 g/cm³
Odor Threshold: Odorless
Partition Coefficient: Not determined for this salt
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Flash Point: Not flammable
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage
Conditions to Avoid: Excess humidity, extreme heat, contact with incompatible materials
Hazardous Reactions: Contact with strong alkalis or magnesium can result in the release of heat and potentially irritating vapors
Decomposition Products: Above melting point, releases phosphorous oxides and potassium oxides
Reactivity: Does not undergo hazardous polymerization or other rapid changes under standard environmental conditions
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): > 4640 mg/kg; considered low toxicity
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure unlikely to cause chronic health problems under workplace handling norms
Skin / Eye Irritation: Mild irritation can occur with repeated or prolonged contact, especially for sensitive individuals
Respiratory Sensitization: Repeated inhalation of dust causes mild respiratory discomfort
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity: No evidence of mutagenic or carcinogenic properties in available animal testing data
Target Organs: No specific target organ effects identified from workplace exposures
Ecotoxicity: No acute toxicity to fish or invertebrates in most test systems, but excess phosphate in waterways can trigger eutrophication
Persistence and Degradability: Breaks down into naturally occurring ions; phosphates cycle naturally in the environment
Bioaccumulative Potential: Not expected to bioaccumulate in organisms
Mobility in Soil: Soluble in water, migrates through soil readily in solution form and increases local phosphate concentrations
Other Adverse Effects: Large uncontrolled releases can stimulate algal blooms, reduce oxygen in surface waters, and disrupt normal aquatic balance
Recommended Methods: Recover unused material for recycling or reuse if possible; dispose unwanted material through licensed chemical waste contractors
Environmental Precautions: Do not dispose of in local drains, soil, or surface waters without proper treatment and approval by relevant authorities
Packaging Disposal: Rinse empty containers thoroughly, dispose according to local regulations, or send for controlled landfill or specialist incineration
UN Number: Not regulated for transport under RID/ADR, IMDG, IATA
Proper Shipping Name: Not classified as a dangerous good for land, sea, or air transport
Packing Group: Not applicable
Special Precautions: Prevent bag breakage, keep tightly sealed, label clearly
Transportation Hazards: None under normal conditions for road, rail, or containers
Global Classifications: Not listed as a hazardous chemical under US OSHA Hazard Communication Standard or EU REACH/CLP regulations
Inventory Status: Listed in global inventories such as TSCA (US), EINECS/ELINCS (EU), AICS (Australia)
Labeling Requirements: Standard chemical identity labeling with hazard advice according to local occupational safety regulations
Other Regulatory Notes: If used in food, fertilizers, or agricultural settings, ensure compliance with specific limits and notification procedures in relevant jurisdictions
