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Product Name: Phosphorus Pentachloride
Synonyms: PCl5, Phosphorus(V) chloride
Chemical Formula: PCl5
CAS Number: 10026-13-8
Recommended Use: Used in organic chemistry, chlorinating agent, intermediates in the manufacture of chemicals
Manufacturer: Chemical raw materials suppliers, laboratory reagents suppliers
Emergency Numbers: Refer to local emergency response, poison control centers, physician contacts
Contact Information: Manufacturer’s business phone, distributor’s emergency line
Classification: Acute toxicity, inhalation (category 2); skin corrosion (category 1B); eye damage (category 1); specific target organ toxicity single exposure (category 3); aquatic acute toxicity (category 1)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Fatal if inhaled, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, very toxic to aquatic life
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or fumes; use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area; wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, face protection; wash hands thoroughly after handling; avoid release to the environment
Hazard Symbols: Corrosive, Toxic, Environmental hazard symbols
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Potential Health Effects: Severe irritation of respiratory tract, chemical burns to skin and eyes, permanent eye injury possible
Chemical Name: Phosphorus Pentachloride
Concentration: 99–100%
Impurities: May contain small amounts of phosphorous trichloride, oxides of phosphorus, chlorine gas (trace); specific levels depend on manufacturer
Molecular Weight: 208.2 g/mol
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air immediately, keep at rest, administer oxygen if breathing is difficult, give artificial respiration if necessary, seek urgent medical attention
Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing, flush exposed skin with cold running water for no less than 20 minutes, seek medical advice immediately
Eye contact: Promptly rinse eyes with large quantities of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids, get immediate medical attention
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth with water if conscious, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, seek medical help at once
Extinguishing Media: Dry sand, dry powder extinguisher, carbon dioxide; do not use water or foam due to violent reaction and gas generation
Special Hazards: Emits toxic and corrosive gases such as hydrochloric acid, chlorine, and phosphorous oxides on heating or contact with water
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), chemical protective suit, gloves resistant to corrosives
Firefighting Procedures: Evacuate area, approach from upwind, cool containers with dry agent if safe to do so, avoid water runoff into sewers or watercourses
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unprotected personnel from area, ventilate area, avoid exposure to vapors or dust, wear full protective equipment
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spills from entering drains, sewers, soil, or waterways, contain with earth, sand, or nonreactive absorbent
Clean-up Procedures: Use spark-resistant tools, collect spilled material in dry, tightly sealed containers, avoid contact with water, dispose of at hazardous waste facility
Decontamination: Neutralize residual material with sodium bicarbonate solution after initial response; follow up with professional decontamination if required
Handling: Work in a chemical fume hood, use only with chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and impervious clothing, avoid breathing vapors or dust, handle exclusively in well-ventilated, dry environments, keep containers tightly closed when not in use, do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas of use
Storage: Store in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers in a dry, cool, well-ventilated area, protect from moisture and incompatible substances (strong bases, water, alcohols, strong oxidizers), segregate from food and feedstuffs, label containers clearly, restrict access to trained personnel
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: none established specifically for PCl5; ACGIH TLV: none specifically established; use controls suitable for highly toxic and corrosive substances
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, chemical fume hood, closed handling systems when possible
Respiratory Protection: Positive pressure air-supplied respirators for high concentrations or spills, NIOSH-approved cartridges suitable for acid gases and particulates for routine work if engineering controls do not suffice
Eye and Face Protection: Fully enclosed, chemical splash goggles plus face shield
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (Viton, butyl rubber, or neoprene), lab coat or apron, chemical-resistant boots
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling, do not reuse contaminated clothing without professional cleaning
Appearance: Pale yellow-green crystalline solid
Odor: Sharp, pungent, irritating
Melting Point: 160 °C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: 166.8 °C (sublimes, decomposes)
Density: 2.13 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Solubility: Decomposes violently in water, reacts with alcohols and bases
Vapor Pressure: 1 mmHg at 47.5 °C
pH: Not applicable (decomposes in water to acids)
Flash Point: Not flammable, may facilitate combustion by releasing chlorine
Stability: Stable only in dry, well-sealed containers, highly reactive to moisture and many organic materials
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended dry handling and storage; decomposes in presence of moisture, heat, or incompatible materials
Reactivity: Reacts violently with water, alcohols, bases, organic matter, forming hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and generating heat and toxic gases
Incompatible Materials: Water, strong bases, oxidizers, reducing agents, metals like aluminum, organic materials (flammable liquids)
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, chlorine, phosphoric acid fumes, phosphorous oxides
Polymerization: Will not occur under normal conditions
Acute Toxicity: Inhalation of dust or vapors can cause fatal respiratory injury, pulmonary edema, bronchospasm
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe burns, blistering, tissue destruction
Eye Damage/Irritation: Contact produces severe burns, pain, permanent vision impairment or blindness
Sensitization: Not classified as sensitizer, though repeat or prolonged exposure increases risk of allergic reactions
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by ACGIH, NTP, IARC, or OSHA; no adequate animal data
Reproductive Toxicity: Limited data; not expected to cause reproductive effects under controlled use
Specific Target Organ Effects: Strong respiratory system irritant; repeated exposure damages mucous membranes, skin, eyes, respiratory tract
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Asthma, chronic respiratory conditions, dermatitis, existing eye disorders
Toxicity: Extremely toxic to aquatic life due to acidification and release of hydrochloric acid or phosphorus compounds
Persistence and Degradability: Rapidly hydrolyzes in water; resulting acids persist, causing environmental harm
Bioaccumulative Potential: Not expected to bioaccumulate significantly; breakdown products can persist in aquatic systems
Mobility: Moves quickly in soil and water by dissolution and hydrolysis; secondary contamination risk from acidification
Other Adverse Effects: Water contamination forms acidic solutions, harming aquatic ecosystems, plants, and microorganisms
Disposal Methods: Treat as hazardous chemical waste; collect residual materials in dry, sealed, corrosion-resistant containers, neutralize with alkali under controlled conditions by trained personnel; never discharge into sewers, drains, or natural waters
Packaging Disposal: Decontaminate containers thoroughly with lime or sodium carbonate, dispose of at licensed hazardous waste facility
Regulatory Waste Codes: Consult local, regional, and federal hazardous waste codes
Precautions: Perform disposal with suitable PPE, secondary containment, and emergency response tools available
UN Number: UN 1806
Proper Shipping Name: Phosphorus Pentachloride
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive), 6.1 (Toxic)
Packing Group: I (high danger)
Labeling Requirements: Corrosive, Toxic, Environmental Hazard
Special Precautions: Protect from moisture, segregate from food, avoid mechanical impacts, emergency arrangements in transit
Marine Pollutant: Yes, subject to MARPOL rules and special IMDG handling
Code Compliance: Subject to OSHA hazard communication requirements, TSCA listing, right-to-know laws, SARA Title III Section 313
International Inventories: Listed in US TSCA, Canadian DSL, EU EINECS, Australian AICS, Japanese METI
Workplace Regulations: Safety signage, emergency eyewash and shower stations required; written risk assessments and documented staff training
Restricted Use: Sale and use often restricted to licensed facilities; transport regulations may require special permitting
Environmental Release Reporting: Immediate reporting required for significant spills or releases above threshold quantities as established under federal, state, or local laws
