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Product Name: Pentanethiol Isomer Mixture
Chemical Formula: C5H12S
Common Names: Amyl mercaptan mixture, Pentylthiol mixture
Recommended Use: Industrial chemical processes, solvent, chemical synthesis
Supplier: Available through large chemical distributors and specialty chemical suppliers
Emergency Contact: Local poison control centers, fire and rescue departments, CHEMTREC (24-hour Emergency Assistance)
Classification: Flammable liquid, acute toxicity, skin irritation, eye irritation, environmental hazard
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor; harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or in contact with skin; causes skin and eye irritation; toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark, dead fish/tree
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames; use explosion-proof electrical equipment; avoid breathing fumes; wash hands thoroughly after handling; avoid release to the environment
Chemical Identity: Mixture of pentanethiol isomers
CAS Numbers: 110-66-7 (1-pentanethiol), various others for isomers
Purity: Generally >95% mixture
Impurities: Trace organosulfur compounds, possible hydrocarbon solvents
Stabilizing Additives: May contain minimal antioxidant to prevent oxidation
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air; provide artificial respiration if not breathing; seek medical attention immediately
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; rinse skin thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes; medical attention may be required if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally; remove contact lenses if present; immediate medical assistance
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water; keep person at rest; immediate medical advice needed
Most Important Symptoms: Nausea, headaches, dizziness, respiratory irritation, dermatitis, potential central nervous system effects
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, alcohol foam
Unsuitable Media: Direct water jet, which may spread the fire
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic fumes of sulfur oxides and carbon oxides on combustion; vapors can form explosive mixtures with air
Protective Equipment: Full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus recommended
Firefighting Instructions: Approach fire from upwind; isolate hazard area; prevent runoff into waterways and drains
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate closed spaces, avoid inhalation of vapors
Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, splash goggles, suitable protective clothing, use of respirators in poorly ventilated areas
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe; contain with non-combustible absorbent materials
Cleanup Methods: Collect spillage into containers for disposal; clean contaminated surfaces thoroughly; dispose of waste following local regulations
Incident Reporting: Notify authorities in case of significant environmental impact or release above threshold quantity
Handling: Work in well-ventilated areas; avoid direct contact and vapor inhalation; keep away from ignition sources; use only with appropriate containment and local exhaust systems
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials such as steel or high-density polyethylene; keep in cool, dry, well-ventilated places away from oxidizers, acids, bases; clearly label all containers
Specific Uses: Restricted to trained personnel in regulated laboratory or industrial environments
Occupational Exposure Limits: Recommended exposure limit (REL) for thiols varies; consult local regulations; typical TWA 0.5 ppm
Engineering Controls: Mechanical ventilation, fume hoods, explosion-proof equipment
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), safety goggles, flame-retardant clothing, respiratory protection for high concentrations or poor ventilation
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, arms, and face thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke during use
Monitoring: Regular air quality checks and exposure assessments by qualified safety officers
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Strong, unpleasant odor (resembles rotten cabbage or garlic)
Molecular Weight: 104.22 g/mol
Boiling Point: 120–145°C, dependent on isomer composition
Melting Point: -80 to -60°C
Vapor Pressure: 12 mmHg at 25°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with many organic solvents
Flash Point: 38–46°C (Tag closed cup)
Relative Density: 0.82–0.84 g/cm³ at 20°C
Autoignition Temperature: 255°C
Explosive Limits: Lower 1.2%, Upper 7.1%
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage; sensitive to heat, light, oxidizers
Reactive Conditions: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, alkali metals
Decomposition Products: Sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide
Incompatibility: Do not mix with chlorine, nitric acid, peroxides
Hazardous Polymerization: Not known to occur under recommended storage conditions
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, eye contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 1200 mg/kg; inhalation LC50 data not widely published but suggest high acute toxicity; significant mucous membrane irritation and possible CNS depression
Chronic Exposure Effects: Long-term contact may lead to dermatitis, possible liver and kidney effects
Symptoms: Strong odor may cause nausea; contact causes skin redness, rash, eye watering; inhalation may result in coughing, dizziness, drowsiness
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a known human carcinogen by IARC, OSHA, ACGIH, or NTP; limited evidence regarding long-term risks; requires further study for occupational exposure
Environmental Fate: Moderately persistent in the environment due to slow degradation
Aquatic Toxicity: Highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates with long-lasting adverse effects
Mobility: Volatile; can contaminate air and water resources
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low to moderate
Other Hazards: May contribute to odor complaints and nuisance in communities near release sites; rapid interventions required in case of spills near waterways
Waste Disposal Methods: Incinerate in suitable facility with gas scrubbing; avoid landfill disposal where seepage may occur; do not discharge untreated to natural waterways
Container Disposal: Rinse containers thoroughly, recycle as permitted by local authority, destroy by controlled means
Special Precautions: Notify regional environmental agencies if large quantities require disposal; keep records of waste shipments and disposal dates
Regulatory Framework: Follow federal hazardous waste regulations and local environmental protection guidelines
UN Number: 1992
Proper Shipping Name: Flammable Liquid, Toxic, N.O.S. (Pentanethiol isomer mixture)
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (flammable liquids), 6.1 (toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Label Requirements: Flammable liquid, toxic
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions: Segregate from foodstuffs and incompatible chemicals during transport; emergency schedule for spillage en route must be accessible to handlers
OSHA Status: Classified as hazardous; workplace exposure standards enforced in industrial settings
TSCA Inventory: Listed in the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory
SARA Title III: Subject to reporting under emergency planning and community right-to-know requirements
Canadian WHMIS: Classified as B2 (flammable liquid), D1B (toxic material)
EU Classification: Flammable, toxic; subject to REACH regulations and notification
Labeling Requirements: Clear hazard pictograms, GHS compliant wording, supplier identification
