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Substance Name: Ochratoxin A
Chemical Formula: C20H18ClNO6
Common Names: OTA, Penicillic acid, Mycotoxin Ochratoxin
CAS Number: 303-47-9
Recommended Use: Laboratory research, analytical reference, toxin studies
Supplier: Chemical, laboratory, and research supply companies
Contact Information: Emergency telephone details and supplier address usually listed on provided labels and invoices
GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral), Category 2; Acute Toxicity (Inhalation), Category 2; Carcinogenicity, Category 2; Reproductive Toxicity, Category 1B; Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated Exposure, Category 2
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Fatal if swallowed; toxic if inhaled; suspected of causing cancer; may damage fertility or the unborn child; may cause damage to kidneys through prolonged or repeated exposure
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, health hazard
Precautionary Statements: Do not breathe dust or fumes, wear protective gloves and masks, avoid release to environment, seek medical advice in case of exposure
Chemical Name: Ochratoxin A
Synonyms: OTA, L-phenylalanine derivative
Concentration: 100% unless diluted for formulations
Impurities: Peptides, biological buffer components in research formulations
Identification numbers: CAS 303-47-9, UN 2811 (toxic solid)
Inhalation: Remove exposed individual to fresh air immediately, monitor for trouble in breathing or coughing, seek medical attention without delay
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth thoroughly with water, give water only if fully conscious, immediate hospital transport
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, flush skin under running water for at least fifteen minutes, use soap, medical examination needed
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for several minutes, lift eyelids and continue flushing, prompt evaluation from an eye specialist strongly advised
Advice for immediate attention: Physicians should monitor for renal and hepatic impairment due to known toxicity profile
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or alcohol-resistant foam
Unsuitable Media: Avoid water streams if possible, as runoff may be contaminated
Specific Hazards: Combustion releases toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, and carbon oxides
Protective Equipment: Full self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical protective clothing
Special Fire Procedures: Cool exposed containers, avoid inhaling smoke, isolate incident area, prevent runoff to drains
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel, ventilate area, avoid dust formation, wear respirator and impermeable gloves
Environmental Precautions: Contain spills to prevent entry into soil, waterways, or drains, notify environmental agencies if required
Clean-up Methods: Absorb with inert materials like earth or sand, gently sweep or vacuum up and place in sealed containers for proper disposal, disinfect residue with sodium hypochlorite solution
Handling: Keep operations in fume hoods, minimize aerosol and dust formation, never eat or drink near the material, practice thorough handwashing, prepare spill kits before opening containers
Storage Conditions: Store at -20°C, restrict access to trained personnel, use airtight shatter-proof containers, label with hazard warnings, segregate from acids, bases, oxidizers, keep away from food and feedstuffs, maintain inventory logs
Control Parameters: No occupational exposure limits established by OSHA, NIOSH, or ACGIH due to high potency at trace levels, use local ventilation to minimize airborne particles
Engineering Controls: Certified chemical fume hood, HEPA-filtered exhaust devices, emergency eye wash and showers within immediate reach
Personal Protection: Tight-sealing goggles, nitrile or butyl rubber gloves, lab coat or chemical suit, NIOSH-approved respirator with particulate cartridges
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face after handling, avoid bringing contaminated clothes outside controlled spaces, monitor potentially exposed workers with appropriate health screening
Appearance: Pale yellow to white crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Molecular Weight: 403.82 g/mol
Melting Point: Approximately 169–173°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in organic solvents like chloroform, methanol, and ethanol
pH: Not applicable; acidic when dissolved
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 4.6
Decomposition Temperature: Decomposes at elevated temperatures with release of hazardous vapors
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions, light-sensitive, degrades under strong acidic or basic conditions
Reactivity: Stable in neutral, dry state, reacts with strong oxidizing agents, decomposes to toxic compounds upon burning
Hazardous Polymerization: Does not occur under normal handling
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, strong acids and bases
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Releases HCl, carbon monoxide, CO2 and nitrogen oxides if combusted
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) ranges from 28–39 mg/kg; extremely toxic even at trace levels
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin or eye contact
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, vomiting, nephrotoxicity, liver damage, carcinogenic effects, teratogenicity, immune suppression
Chronic Exposure: Progressive kidney damage, potential carcinogen (kidneys, liver), reproductive harm, evidence from animal studies and epidemiology links chronic dietary exposure to urinary tract tumors
Target Organs: Kidneys, liver, immune system
Carcinogenicity Classification: IARC Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans)
Aquatic Toxicity: Acute toxicity to aquatic species, high persistence in surface water and soil
Persistence and Degradability: Resistant to environmental breakdown, slow degradation in soil
Bioaccumulation Potential: Can accumulate in food crops and livestock tissues, enters human food chain through cereals, coffee, dried fruits, wine
Mobility: Can move within soil layers depending on moisture; surface runoff risk in exposed stockpiles
Other Adverse Effects: Contaminates agricultural commodities, risk to drinking water and animal feed safety, legislative limits set in many countries for food contamination
Safe Disposal Method: Treat as hazardous chemical waste, collect in sealed, labeled containers
Incineration: Preferred route at licensed facilities with high-temperature combustion and emission scrubbing
Landfill Use: Prohibited for untreated material; treated waste can only enter landfill after chemical deactivation (expert review required)
Do Not Pour: Never discharge into sewer, surface or ground waters
Regulatory Reference: EPA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous waste listings
UN Number: 2811
Proper Shipping Name: Toxic solid, organic, n.o.s. (Ochratoxin A)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Transport Requirements: Use UN-approved packaging, sealed and clearly labeled, emergency response guide must accompany shipment, transport must comply with DOT and IATA toxic materials guidelines, notify receiving party ahead of transfer
Global Inventory Status: Listed on major inventories only for research use; banned or severely restricted in food products in EU, U.S., Japan, China
OSHA Hazard Communication: OSHA-classified hazardous by definition
IARC Status: Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic
EU Regulations: Maximum contaminant limits for cereals, coffee, wine, set by EC Regulation No 1881/2006
TSCA Status: Subject to reporting if entering U.S. commerce, not listed for commercial use
Other Requirements: Facilities handling the material require licensed hazardous substance protocols, ongoing staff training, and public health disclosure on contamination incidents
