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Product Name: Nitrotriazolone
Chemical Name: 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one
Synonyms: NTO
Recommended Use: High-energy explosive material, laboratory reagent
Supplier Information: Name, address, and contact number of manufacturer or distributor should be provided on product label
Emergency Contact: Local and national emergency telephone numbers
CAS Number: 932-64-9
Hazard Classification: Explosive, acute toxic, eye irritant, possible environmental hazard
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly explosive; harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin; causes eye and mild skin irritation; chronic exposure can damage blood and kidneys
Pictograms: Exploding bomb, exclamation mark, health hazard, environment
Precautionary Statements: Avoid contact with skin and eyes; avoid inhalation of dust; only trained personnel should handle; keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and hot surfaces
Chemical Formula: C2H2N4O3
Molecular Weight: 130.07 g/mol
Ingredient: Nitrotriazolone (NTO)
Concentration: 95%-100% (technical grade)
Impurities: Possible traces of triazolone isomers, water content, and unreacted triazole derivatives, generally less than 1% total
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air immediately. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Seek immediate medical attention for respiratory distress.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with running water for at least fifteen minutes. Wash with soap and water. If irritation persists, consult a physician.
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with large amounts of water for at least fifteen minutes, holding eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing. Medical attention required.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Seek immediate medical help and monitor for chemical burns or shock.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Large volumes of water spray, water fog. Dry chemical or foam not recommended due to possible sensitivity.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide (CO2), dry chemical powder, or halon can intensify decomposition.
Specific Hazards: Explosive under impact, friction, or heat. Decomposition releases toxic nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and ammonia gases.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full fire-fighting turnout gear, self-contained breathing apparatus, face shield, chemical splash suit, explosion-proof equipment recommended.
Advice for Firefighters: Isolate hazard area, evacuate unnecessary personnel, use unmanned hose holders if possible, avoid direct contact with product.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel, restrict access to affected area, use personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves and explosion-proof boots.
Methods for Containment: Avoid any sparks or open flame. Control spillage by soaking with damp, non-combustible absorbents such as sand or vermiculite.
Cleanup Procedures: Collect spilled substance using non-sparking tools, carefully transfer to designated disposal containers. Wash down area with large amounts of water if approved. Prevent entry into drains, surface water, or soil.
Environmental Precautions: Block run-off to sewers and surface waters. Notify authorities in case of large spills or contamination of waterways.
Safe Handling: Only trained professionals using grounded, antistatic equipment should handle. Prevent build-up of static electricity. Avoid ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Never handle near ignition sources.
Safe Storage: Store in a well-ventilated, cool, dry, dedicated magazine in tightly closed containers away from sunlight, acids, oxidizers, metals, and combustibles. Secure storage from unauthorized access.
Special Requirements: Segregate from other explosive materials. Clearly label storage containers. Monitor for container integrity and leaks. Keep away from incompatible chemicals.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established ACGIH or OSHA occupational limits; use industrial hygiene best practices.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, explosion-proof equipment, minimize dust formation, maintain eyewash stations and safety showers nearby.
Personal Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves, long-sleeved protective clothing, tight-fitting safety goggles, face shield, and NIOSH-approved respirators under dusty conditions.
Hygiene Measures: Do not eat, drink, or smoke when handling. Wash hands and face thoroughly after working with nitrotriazolone.
Appearance: Pale-yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: 270-275°C (decomposes)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at ambient temperature
Density: 1.93 g/cm³
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in acetone
Flash Point: Not applicable (solid material, non-volatile at room temperature)
Explosive Properties: Sensitive to shock, friction, static discharge, particularly as a dry powder
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended conditions; sensitive to high temperature, impact, and friction.
Reactivity: Strong oxidizer, reacts violently with reducing agents, metals, and combustible materials.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, ammonia, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide released upon combustion or decomposition.
Incompatible Materials: Acidic materials, reducing agents, heavy metals, chlorinated compounds.
Acute Toxicity: Ingestion or inhalation can cause headaches, nausea, dizziness, methemoglobinemia (reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in blood), and cyanosis. Skin and eye contact cause moderate irritation.
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may promote kidney and liver damage, blood changes, and reproductive issues in laboratory animals.
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogen by IARC, NTP, OSHA; insufficient data on humans.
Mutagenicity: Some positive bacterial tests, but not conclusively genotoxic in animal studies.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, direct eye contact.
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to some aquatic species. Causes acute stress in fish at moderate concentrations.
Persistence and Degradability: Partially persistent in soil and water; slow degradation rate under environmental conditions.
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation based on molecular structure and observed behavior in test environments.
Mobility in Soil: Tends to bind to sediments, but can migrate if significant water movement occurs.
Other Adverse Effects: High local concentrations near explosive sites can disrupt local invertebrate and plant populations.
Waste Disposal Methods: Classified as a hazardous explosive waste—destroy by controlled detonation or incineration in an approved facility with environmental controls. Do not dispose into sewers or regular landfill.
Container Disposal: Empty containers should be triple-rinsed, rendered unusable, and disposed of in accordance with local and national regulations.
Special Precautions: All handlers involved in waste disposal need proper training and personal protective equipment. Notify local authorities if significant quantities are to be disposed.
UN Number: UN 0483
Proper Shipping Name: Explosive, solid, n.o.s. (Nitrotriazolone)
Transport Hazard Class: 1.1D (Explosives)
Packing Group: II
Special Precautions for Transport: Follow all local, national, and international transport of explosives codes. Secure labeling, use approved shipping containers, and isolate from incompatible materials. Vehicle transport requires placards and licensed drivers.
OSHA Status: Hazardous by definition under 29 CFR 1910.1200
TSCA: Listed on the Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
EPA Regulations: Regulated under several hazardous materials statutes
SARA Title III: Subject to reporting under Sections 302 (extremely hazardous), 311/312 (hazard categorization), and 313 (toxic chemical release inventory), depending on quantity and format
International Regulations: Covered by UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, EU REACH guidelines
Other Requirements: All local, state, and federal requirements for the storage, handling, and transport of explosives apply.
