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Product Name: Nitrating Acid Mixture
Other Names: Mixed Acid, Nitro Sulfuric Acid
Chemical Family: Strong inorganic acids
Manufacturer: Contact details available from supplier
Use: Industrial chemical, laboratory reagent, explosives manufacturing, organic synthesis
UN Number: 2031
Emergency Contact: National Poison Control hotline, local fire department, company emergency number
GHS Classification: Corrosive to metals, Skin corrosion category 1A, Serious eye damage category 1, Acute toxicity inhalation category 2
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, May be fatal if inhaled, Causes severe respiratory irritation, Reacts violently with water and organics, May enhance combustion, Targets mucous membranes and respiratory system
Pictograms: Corrosion, Skull and crossbones, Exclamation mark, Oxidizer
Routes of Exposure: Skin contact, eye contact, inhalation, ingestion
Environmental Impact: Toxifies aquatic environments quickly, acidifies soils and water bodies, kills small aquatic organisms even at low concentrations
Nitric Acid: 40-50% by weight, CAS 7697-37-2
Sulfuric Acid: 50-60% by weight, CAS 7664-93-9
Other Additives: Trace impurities possible (chlorides, water)
Ingredient Purity: Both acids above 95% technical grade prior to mixing
Physical Form: Clear to yellow-brown liquid; fuming; pungent acidic odor
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for at least 30 minutes, do not rub or use neutralizing chemicals on skin, seek medical attention for burns
Eye Contact: Flush with copious water for at least 30 minutes while forcibly holding eyelids open, do not allow victim to close eyes, call emergency medical services, avoid using ointments or neutralizers
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air without delay, administer oxygen if breathing difficult, prepare for possible pulmonary edema, seek immediate medical care regardless of visible symptoms
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth thoroughly, give plenty of water if victim is conscious, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, immediate transport to hospital essential
Critical Notes: Immediate intervention required due to risk of deep tissue damage or rapid respiratory complications
Flammability: Non-flammable but strongly supports combustion; reacts violently with combustibles
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray (fog) to cool containers, sand or dry chemical may be used on fire involving nearby materials
Special Hazards: Releases toxic nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, highly acidic vapors, heat causes container rupture
Protective Equipment: Full acid-resistant suit, breathing apparatus independent of air, face and eye protection, chemically resistant gloves and boots
Advice for Firefighters: Avoid contact with spilled liquid and vapors, keep downwind, isolate site, cool tanks with flooding quantities of water well away from source, remove cylinders if safe
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, restrict access to trained responders, ventilate area, wear full chemical resistant PPE
Environmental Precautions: Prevent acid from entering drains or waterways, neutralize small spills with lime or sodium bicarbonate if safe, dam larger releases with earth or sand
Cleanup Procedures: Absorb small quantities with inert material (sand, vermiculite), use non-metallic tools, store residues in acid-resistant containers
Decontamination: Wash area with copious amounts of water only after neutralization, monitor for acid vapors
Emergency Procedures: Alert emergency services, inform public health authorities if environmental release occurs
Handling: Transfer and mix acids using acid-resistant pumps, never add water to acids, add acid slowly into water to avoid violent reactions, keep all ignition sources away, avoid breathing fumes and vapors, never inhale vapors directly, wash hands and face thoroughly after handling
Storage: Use corrosion-resistant tanks or approved containers, store in cool, dry, well-ventilated, locked area away from incompatible materials and direct sunlight, keep container tightly closed, segregate from organic materials, bases, combustibles, and reducing agents
Special Storage Precautions: Never store near chemicals that can react to release gases or heat, check containers regularly for corrosion, label all containers clearly and keep lids tightly sealed
Incompatible Materials: Metals, bases, organics, chlorates, carbides, sulfides, strong reducing agents, combustibles of all kinds
Engineering Controls: Use acid-resistant ventilation hoods, local exhaust, vapor containment, acid fume scrubbers in place, never rely on open room ventilation only
Eye Protection: Use tightly fitting goggles and full-face shield together
Skin Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves (butyl rubber, neoprene), acid-proof apron, full body suit, high chemical boots
Respiratory Protection: Wear full-face supplied air respirators or SCBA for any work in confined or poorly ventilated areas, cartridge respirators are not suitable for high concentrations
Workplace Controls: Emergency eyewash and safety showers accessible within 10 seconds, monitor acid vapor levels, follow strictly enforced exposure limits for nitric and sulfuric acid mists
Appearance: Oily, clear or yellow-brown liquid; dense; fuming
Odor: Strong, choking acidic smell
Melting Point: Depends on composition, below 0°C to 10°C range
Boiling Point: 80–120°C, possible fuming below boiling
Density: 1.7–1.9 g/cm³
pH: Less than 1 (extremely acidic)
Solubility: Miscible with water, reacts violently
Vapor Pressure: High for nitric acid; can fume vigorously above room temperature
Corrosivity: Rapidly corrodes metals, damages glassware without resistance, attacks organic tissue on contact
Chemical Stability: Stable under strict storage, decomposes quickly with contaminants, generates heat and toxic gases when mixed with other substances
Incompatibility: Reacts exothermically with water, bases, metals, organic compounds, chlorates, reducing materials, hydrides, carbides
Hazardous Reactions: Rapid, violent evolution of nitrogen dioxide, sulfur oxides, and possible explosion with wrong mixing order or container
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2), sulfur oxides (SO2, SO3), water, traces of nitrosyl compounds
Polymerization: Not considered a risk for polymerization, but pressure build-up and detonation risk exists during decomposition
Acute Effects: Rapid, deep, and painful skin burns, blistering, severe eye injury or blindness, mouth and throat destruction upon ingestion, fatal pulmonary edema after inhalation of vapors
Chronic Effects: Bronchitis, chemical pneumonitis, chronic skin ulceration, teeth erosion, scarring from burns, chronic respiratory illnesses
Inhalation Toxicity: Short-term exposure can be lethal, even at low concentrations, delayed onset of lung damage possible
Skin and Eye Toxicity: Exposes underlying tissues, causes lasting damage, increased risk of permanent blindness
Sensitization: Not commonly associated with allergic reactions but extreme tissue effects and scars common
Carcinogenicity: Neither component classified as human carcinogen, but chronic exposure may increase susceptibility to pulmonary illness
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to all forms of aquatic life, instantly acidifies water, increases metal solubility and toxicity
Aquatic Effects: Immediate fish death at minimal spills, kills plankton, algae, destroys aquatic breeding sites
Mobility: Spreads rapidly in water, ground infiltration possible unless neutralized
Persistence: No significant bioaccumulation; acid persists unless neutralized
Degradability: Acid persists in environment until naturally neutralized by soil or artificial lime
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low, but modification of pH has severe indirect impact on food chains
Waste Disposal: Neutralize with sodium carbonate, lime, or soda ash under controlled conditions, avoid splashing
Container Disposal: Rinse carefully, neutralize residues, dispose according to hazardous chemical waste protocols, containers never reused
Special Precautions: Never pour down domestic drains, waterways, or landfill without full neutralization, professional chemical waste contractor strongly recommended
Regulatory Disposal: Dispose under local, state, and federal hazardous waste regulations, track all movement and final neutralization of acid in official record
UN Number: 2031
Proper Shipping Name: Nitric Acid and Sulfuric Acid Mixture
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive), 5.1 (Oxidizer)
Packing Group: I
Labels Required: Corrosive, Oxidizer, Toxic
Special Transport Precautions: Must be carried in corrosion-resistant packaging approved for acids, isolated from food, combustibles, organic materials, and other chemicals, emergency response plans required for all bulk shipments
Workplace Exposure Limits: Nitric acid (OSHA PEL 2 ppm, ACGIH TLV 2 ppm), Sulfuric acid (OSHA PEL 1 mg/m³, ACGIH TLV 0.2 mg/m³, inhalable fraction)
Hazard Symbols: GHS08, GHS05, GHS06, GHS03
Regulatory Compliance: OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, REACH (Europe), EPA and RCRA (USA), WHMIS (Canada), IARC not classifiable
SARA Title III: Nitric and sulfuric acid both listed as extremely hazardous substances
Community Right-to-Know: Release and inventory reporting required for significant storage amounts, environmental permitting for use and disposal, local authorities must be notified in event of spill or release
