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Product Name: Nicotine Hydrochloride
Chemical Formula: C10H14N2 · HCl
CAS Number: 21919-69-1
Synonyms: Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-, hydrochloride
Recommended Uses: Laboratory reagent, research use only, pesticide manufacturing
Supplier Information: Chemical manufacturer or distributor address, emergency contact telephone number
Emergency Numbers: National Poison Control Center, company emergency line
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), category 2; Skin corrosion/irritation, category 2; Eye damage/irritation, category 2
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Fatal if inhaled. Fatal in contact with skin. Toxic if swallowed. Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation.
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark, corrosion
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact with skin and eyes. Use appropriate breathing protection. Keep away from food, drink, and animal feed. Do not breathe dust, fumes, or vapors. Avoid environmental release.
Other Hazards: May cause central nervous system effects, respiratory distress, seizures at high doses.
Chemical Name: Nicotine Hydrochloride
Common Name: Nicotine HCl
Concentration: 98-100% by weight
Impurities: Minor trace organics, water below 2%
Substance or Mixture: Substance
Additional Information: No known stabilizing additives
Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air immediately. Provide artificial respiration if breathing stops. Seek medical attention without delay. Be alert for convulsions.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Seek urgent medical help. Nicotine can be absorbed rapidly through the skin.
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes lifting upper and lower eyelids. Do not allow victim to rub eyes. Get immediate medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do NOT induce vomiting. If person is conscious, offer water. Never give anything orally to an unconscious person. Immediate transport to a hospital is necessary.
Important Symptoms: Vomiting, dizziness, muscle twitching, tremors, confusion, high pulse, difficulty breathing
Medical Attention: Doctor should monitor for cholinergic symptoms and seizures. Provide respiratory support as needed.
Flammability: Non-flammable solid, but hazardous thermal decomposition products can form.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, water spray
Unsuitable Media: Strong water jets can spread chemical
Hazardous Combustion Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, toxic fumes
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full turnout gear and self-contained breathing apparatus required
Special Fire Fighting Procedures: Containers may explode in fire. Cool containers with water spray. Approach from upwind to avoid toxic vapors.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unprotected personnel from area. Wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves, suit, and respiratory protection.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spill from entering drains or watercourses. Notify authorities if large release occurs.
Methods for Clean-Up: Absorb with inert material (sand, earth), place in chemical waste container. Ventilate area after cleaning. Wash contaminated area thoroughly.
Decontamination: Wash clothing and equipment before reuse. Dispose of cleaning material as hazardous waste.
Incident Reporting: Immediately inform supervisor and safety personnel, keep record of exposure and clean-up.
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas with chemical fume hoods. Wear impervious gloves, face shield, and protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Never eat, drink, or smoke around open chemical containers. Prevent aerosol or vapor formation.
Storage: Store in tightly-sealed, clearly-labeled containers made of compatible materials. Keep in a cool, well-ventilated, secure facility away from heat, direct sunlight, oxidizers, acids, and foodstuffs. Prevent unauthorized access.
Incompatible Materials: Oxidizing agents, strong acids, alkalis
Shipping Containers: Use secondary containment for comprehensive hazard reduction.
Special Storage Instructions: Routinely check for spills, leaks, or corrosion. Storage room to be equipped with spill kits and emergency showers.
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: No specific limit. ACGIH TLV: 0.5 mg/m³ (skin, inhalation limit for nicotine).
Engineering Controls: Maintain local exhaust ventilation and general room ventilation. Required fume hoods and closed systems for transferring material.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, full-face respirator with organic vapor cartridge, nitrile or butyl rubber gloves, chemical-resistant apron or suit, closed shoes.
Hygiene Measures: Always wash hands thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing immediately, launder before reuse. Prohibit food, drink, or tobacco use in work areas.
Monitoring: Implement regular environmental and personal exposure monitoring to verify control measures are maintained.
Appearance: White to pale yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Slightly fishy, acrid
Molecular Weight: 162.7 g/mol
Melting Point: 241-245°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
pH (1% solution): 4.5-6.0
Solubility: Soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol and chloroform
Vapor Pressure: Not available
Relative Density: About 1.02 (water=1)
Partition Coefficient: log Kow = 1.1-1.2
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Volatility: Minimal at ambient temperature
Flash Point: Not combustible
Upper/Lower Flammability: Not relevant
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Stable at ambient temperature and pressure under recommended storage conditions.
Hazardous Reactions: Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizing agents, acids, or bases can release toxic gases.
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to heat, direct sunlight, moisture, incompatible chemicals
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, oxidizing agents, reducing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide and dioxide, nitrogen oxides, toxic organic vapors
Polymerization: Does not polymerize
Acute Toxicity: Extremely toxic by all routes. Oral LD50 (rat): 5 mg/kg; dermal LD50 (rabbit): 50 mg/kg.
Routes of Exposure: Ingestion, inhalation, dermal, ocular.
Symptoms of Exposure: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, sweating, headaches, confusion, seizures, respiratory distress, death at very high doses
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Irritant, can cause burns and blisters
Serious Eye Damage: Causes severe irritation, redness, pain, possible blindness
Chronic Effects: Repeated low-level exposure may trigger addiction, cardiovascular and neurotoxic impacts.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC.
Other Data: Sensitizer potential considered low; allergic reactions rare.
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life and insects. LC50 (fish, 96 hr): 4.3 mg/L.
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions; can persist in anaerobic environments.
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate significantly due to water solubility.
Mobility in Soil: High solubility and mobility, ability to leach into groundwater.
Other Adverse Effects: Harmful to bees and insects; may disrupt ecological balance if released in quantity.
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of as hazardous chemical waste in suitable sealed containers. Incineration at licensed facility is preferred.
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly, treat as hazardous, never reuse for food or medical storage.
Special Precautions: Do not dispose of into surface water, sewers, soil, or regular trash.
Legislation: Comply with local, state, and federal environmental disposal regulations.
Disposal of Large Quantities: Notify environmental authorities for supervised destruction.
UN Number: UN1654
Proper Shipping Name: Nicotine compounds, solid
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substance)
Packing Group: I (highest danger)
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Labels Required: Toxic substance label, marine pollutant label
Special Precautions for Transport: Keep containers tightly closed, upright. Prevent breakage and leakage. Emergency response guide available with shipment.
International Transport: Adhere to ICAO/IATA, IMDG, DOT, ADR regulations.
OSHA Regulations: Substances classified as highly hazardous; full compliance with OSHA chemical hygiene protocols required.
EPA Regulations: Listed as hazardous substance under CERCLA; reportable quantity applies for accidental release.
TSCA: Inventory listed
SARA Title III: Subject to immediate notification and reporting requirements.
REACH: Registration required for quantities above legal thresholds in Europe.
Other Local Laws: Follow region-specific chemical safety and workplace chemical regulations. Maintain safety data sheet and worker training documentation.
