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Product Name: Nickel Carbonyl
Chemical Formula: Ni(CO)4
Synonyms: Tetracarbonyl nickel, Carbonyl nickel
CAS Number: 13463-39-3
Manufacturer: Commercial chemical producers and suppliers
Recommended Use: Catalyst precursor, metal organic vapor deposition, nickel refining
Restrictions on Use: Laboratory and industrial settings with expert training
Emergency Contact: Fire department and poison control center for any exposure
Class: Extremely toxic, highly flammable, suspected carcinogen
GHS Symbols: Skull and crossbones, flame, health hazard
Signal Word: Danger
Acute Effects: Can cause immediate collapse, respiratory failure, convulsions
Chronic Effects: Kidney injury, persistent neurological harm, cancer risk
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption
Symptoms: Shortness of breath, chest pain, fever, nausea, cognitive disruption
PPE Recommendation: Full-face respirators, chemical-resistant suits, gloves, and boots
Fire Hazard: Highly flammable and forms explosive mixtures with air
Chemical: Nickel Carbonyl
CAS No.: 13463-39-3
Content: >99% by weight
Impurities: Trace metal carbonyls (cobalt, iron)
Molecular Weight: 170.73 g/mol
Physical State: Colorless to pale yellow liquid under standard conditions
Inhalation: Remove from exposure, supply fresh air; oxygen administration by trained personnel; seek emergency medical assistance immediately
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, flush thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, obtain medical attention
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for a minimum of 15 minutes, lift eyelids, get rapid medical help
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth if conscious, get emergency treatment
Symptoms to Watch: Delayed pulmonary edema, cyanosis, convulsions may develop hours after exposure
Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, CO2; water spray only for cooling
Unusual Hazards: Forms toxic gases such as nickel oxides and carbon monoxide upon combustion
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, pressure-demand, full chemical protective gear
Fire Procedures: Isolate area, remove personnel downwind, cool containers with water fog, prevent runoff
Explosion Risk: Low ignition energy, vapor-air mixtures may detonate in confined spaces
Personal Protection: Full chemical protective clothing, positive-pressure respirators
Evacuation Procedures: Clear the danger area, restrict access
Containment: Alert emergency response, use vapor-suppressing foam, ventilate area
Cleanup: Absorb liquid with inert material, seal in chemical waste drums, label and store for disposal
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, sewers, waterways, or soil
Handling: Use engineering controls, transfer only in closed system, avoid vapor inhalation, wear PPE throughout use
Storage: Store in tightly closed steel containers under nitrogen or argon, away from all incompatible materials
Safe Practices: Train users, restrict access to designated fume hoods or glove boxes, record all use
Incompatibilities: Oxidizers, acids, heat, sparks, open flames, strong bases
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 0.1 ppm (0.35 mg/m3) ceiling; NIOSH REL: 0.05 ppm (0.18 mg/m3) ceiling
Engineering Controls: Gas-tight handling, forced ventilation, enclosure automation
Personal Protective Equipment: Supplied-air respirators, chemical-resistant gloves (butyl, nitrile), full suit with rubber boots, face shield
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after handling, change contaminated clothes
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow volatile liquid
Odor: Musty, metallic, sweet but imperceptible at toxic levels
Boiling Point: 43 °C (109 °F)
Melting Point: –25 °C (–13 °F)
Vapor Pressure: 400 mmHg at 25 °C
Density: 1.32 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Solubility: Slight in cold water, miscible with organic solvents
Flash Point: < –18 °C (closed cup)
Auto-ignition Temperature: 60 °C
Explosive Limits: 2.2–14% in air
Partition Coefficient: log Kow -0.48
Evaporation Rate: Rapid
Chemical Stability: Unstable in air or light, decomposes above 60 °C
Reactivity: Violent decomposition with oxidizers, acids, bases
Decomposition Products: Nickel oxide fume, carbon monoxide, elemental nickel
Hazardous Reactions: Contact with halogens, permanganates, nitric acid, heat, spark, or flame
Polymerization: Will not polymerize
Acute Toxicity: LC50 (rat, inhalation): 3 ppm/30 min
Chronic Exposure: Carcinogenic (IARC Group 1), damages lungs, kidneys, nervous system
Human Experience: Inhalation causes delayed chemical pneumonitis, neurotoxicity, long-term cancer
Routes of Entry: Inhalation (main route), skin absorption
Symptoms: Headache, fever, cough, severe chest pain, muscle weakness, slurred speech, coma
Aquatic Toxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-lasting harm
Soil Effects: Persistent, immobilizes microfauna, alters nutrient cycling
Bioaccumulation: Can build up in organisms, especially in sediments and sludge
Mobility in Soil: Moderate, does not rapidly degrade in the environment
Waste Treatment: Treat as hazardous waste, incinerate under controlled conditions in licensed facility
Container Disposal: Triple rinse, puncture, send for hazardous recycling or disposal
Special Instructions: Avoid landfilling, do not flush to sewer or normal waste
Regulatory Requirements: Comply with all local, national, and international hazardous chemical disposal regulations
UN Number: UN1259
Proper Shipping Name: Nickel carbonyl
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: I (Great danger)
Labels: Toxic, Flammable
Marine Pollutant: Classified
Special Provisions: Use sealed, impact-resistant cylinders; notify carrier of toxic inhalation risk
OSHA Status: Regulated as extremely hazardous; subject to process safety management
SARA Title III: Subject to section 302 (extremely hazardous), 311/312, and 313 release reporting
TSCA: Listed
RCRA Waste Code: P073 (acutely hazardous)
Canadian WHMIS: D1A (Very toxic), B2 (Flammable), D2A (Carcinogen)
EU Regulations: Carcinogen Category 1A, See Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP)
International Inventories: Registered in chemical substance lists in US, Canada, EU, Australia, Japan
