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Product Name: N-Valeric Acid
Chemical Name: Pentanoic Acid
Chemical Formula: C5H10O2
CAS Number: 109-52-4
Molecular Weight: 102.13 g/mol
Recommended Use: Intermediate in chemical synthesis, flavoring agent, laboratory reagent
Manufacturer: Chemical supply companies, industrial bulk suppliers
Contact Information: Emergency phone numbers and mailing addresses found on supplier packaging
Synonyms: Valeric acid, Pentanoic acid, n-Pentanoic acid
Relevant Identified Uses: Restricted to professional and industrial use in controlled environments
Classification: Corrosive to skin and eyes, harmful if inhaled, hazardous to aquatic life
GHS Label: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns, eye damage, respiratory irritation; may cause throat and nasal irritation if vapors are inhaled; toxic to aquatic organisms over long-term exposure
Precautionary Statements: Avoid direct contact; do not breathe vapors or mist; wear suitable personal protective equipment; avoid release into water sources
Symbol: GHS05 (corrosive), GHS07 (acute toxicity, irritant)
Signal Word: Danger
Potential Health Effects: Skin reddening, blistering; eye pain, redness; inhalation leads to cough, sore throat, headache; ingestion causes stomach pain, burns
Chemical Composition: N-Valeric Acid: >99% purity
CAS No.: 109-52-4
Impurities: Trace levels of related valeric acids, water content <1%
Stabilizing Additives: None intentionally present
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air; monitor breathing and seek medical attention for breathing difficulty; give oxygen if available
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; flush affected area with large amount of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical help for redness, blistering, or persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for several minutes, lifting upper and lower lids; remove contact lenses if possible; obtain immediate medical care
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water; if conscious, drink small amounts of water; get medical attention immediately and provide product label or SDS to responders
Most Important Symptoms: Severe pain in mouth, throat, eyes; skin burns, eye injury from splashing; respiratory tract irritation
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, water spray; avoid full water jet
Hazardous Combustion Products: Releases carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide under fire conditions
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters use self-contained breathing apparatus with full chemical resistant protection
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Do not use high-pressure water streams; may spread burning material
Fire Hazards: Flammable vapor may collect and ignite above 95°C; containers heated by fire may rupture
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel; wear protective clothing, gloves, goggles, and respirator
Environmental Precautions: Keep from sewers, surface water, and soil; alert authorities if significant leaks enter waterways
Methods for Clean-up: Absorb liquid using non-reactive material like sand or earth; collect in closed, labeled drums for disposal; ventilate area
Preventative Measures: Ensure proper ventilation; neutralize small spills with soda ash and rinse area with water after cleanup
Safe Handling: Handle in fume hood or well-ventilated area; avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing; use only non-sparking tools
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed, chemically compatible containers; keep in cool, dry place away from heat, sparks, open flames
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, strong acids or bases, reducing agents, metals
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood, local exhaust extraction, adequate ventilation
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV; minimize exposure as a precaution
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, laboratory coat, impervious gloves (nitrile or neoprene), respiratory protection if vapors exceed safe limits
Environmental Controls: Use secondary containment to prevent spills from reaching drains; monitor workplace air for acidic vapors
Appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Strong, unpleasant, pungent odor reminiscent of sweaty socks
Odor Threshold: 0.03 ppm (detectable at low concentration)
pH: Strongly acidic in aqueous solution
Melting Point: -34°C (-29°F)
Boiling Point: 186°C (367°F)
Flash Point: 95°C (203°F) closed cup
Evaporation Rate: Slow compared to water
Flammability: Flammable at high temperatures
Vapor Pressure: 0.33 kPa at 20°C
Vapor Density: 3.5 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 0.93 (water = 1)
Solubility: Mixes with water; miscible with many organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 1.39
Autoignition Temperature: 415°C
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C
Viscosity: Slightly viscous liquid at room temperature
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under standard storage and handling; decomposes above boiling point
Reactivity: Corrosive to metals; reacts with oxidizing agents, alkaline substances
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flames, sources of ignition, direct sunlight, incompatible materials
Hazardous Reactions: Violent reaction with strong oxidizers; produces corrosive fumes of carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide under heating
Polymerization: Does not polymerize under normal conditions
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 1800 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit): >2500 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe skin burns on contact
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes permanent eye damage or blindness with direct contact
Respiratory Sensitization: Intense vapor inhalation triggers throat, lung irritation
Ingestion Effects: Causes caustic burns in mouth, esophagus, stomach; can be fatal in large doses
Chronic Exposure: Prolonged or repeated exposure leads to dermatitis, chronic respiratory irritation
Carcinogenicity, Mutagenicity, Reproductive Toxicity: No reliable evidence indicating carcinogenicity or mutagenicity; consult current literature or regulatory guidance for updates
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, fish, and invertebrates; even at low concentrations, disrupts aquatic systems
Mobility: Dissolves and disperses in water, moves quickly through soil and groundwater
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low potential for bioaccumulation due to rapid degradation and moderate log Kow
Other Adverse Effects: High concentrations acidify water, harm plant life and microorganisms
Regulatory Reporting: Large releases to water require reporting under local and international regulations to prevent long-term damage to the environment
Waste Treatment Methods: Collect in clearly labeled chemical waste containers; neutralize with dilute alkali under controlled conditions; dispose by incineration at approved hazardous waste facility
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse and neutralize containers; treat as hazardous material and dispose at licensed facility
Restrictions: Do not discharge to sewers, surface water, or natural environments
Best Practices: Follow local, regional, and national hazardous waste regulations for all disposal operations; secure documentation demonstrating proper disposal
UN Number: UN 3265
UN Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, N.O.S. (contains N-Valeric Acid)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (corrosive substance)
Packing Group: III (minor danger)
Special Precautions: Avoid transporting with incompatible chemicals such as oxidizers, reducers, and bases; package tightly sealed, leak-proof
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant classification may apply; handle spills and leaks according to international shipping codes
Transport Labels: Corrosive (Class 8) label required on all external packaging
OSHA: Classified as hazardous under OSHA HCS
EU (REACH/CLP): N-Valeric Acid falls under REACH registration and CLP regulations; safety phrases and risk statements apply
TSCA: Listed on the US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
SARA Title III: Not listed as an extremely hazardous substance, but Section 311/312 hazard categories apply
Canada DSL/NDSL: Present on Domestic Substances List
Other Regulations: Comply with state or country-specific requirements for corrosive chemicals, protective measures, environmental releases; refer to workplace-specific hazard training and documentation requirements for handling and emergency access
