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Product Name: N-Heptanal
Synonyms: Heptanal, Heptaldehyde
Chemical Formula: C7H14O
Molecular Weight: 114.19 g/mol
CAS Number: 111-71-7
Manufacturer’s Name: Chem suppliers, research labs
Recommended Use: Organic synthesis, fragrance, intermediate for chemicals
Emergency Contact: Local emergency numbers, poison control centers
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3); Acute toxicity, oral (Category 4); Eye irritation (Category 2A); Skin irritation (Category 2)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Liquid and vapor ignite easily; harmful if ingested; irritates eyes and skin; causes drowsiness or dizziness
Pictogram: Flame, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat or sparks; wear splash goggles, gloves; avoid vapor inhalation; wash hands thoroughly after handling; store in tightly closed container
Potential Health Effects: Eye damage, skin irritation, central nervous system depression, possible nausea and headaches from exposure
NFPA Ratings: Health: 2, Flammability: 2, Reactivity: 0
N-Heptanal: 98-100%
Impurities: Traces of isomers and related aldehydes
Ingredient Remarks: Commercial samples contain minor stabilizing agents, typically less than 0.1%
Chemical Identity: Heptanal (C7H14O)
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air right away, loosen tight clothing, keep warm and at rest, seek medical attention if dizziness or difficulty breathing continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, give small amounts of water if conscious, get medical help as soon as possible
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothes, rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, seek assistance if irritation or rashes show
Eye Contact: Flush with water for 15 minutes, lifting eyelids, see medical staff if pain or redness continues
Notes for Doctors: Treat symptomatically; monitor respiratory function
Extinguishing Media: Use alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, avoid direct water spray on product
Specific Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air, combustion yields carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possibly corrosive fumes
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus
Advice for Fire Crew: Move containers from fire if safe, cool surfaces with water spray, use caution—runoff may pollute waterways
Special Procedures: Shut off leak if no risk, beware of flashback from ignition sources
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ensure proper ventilation, avoid breathing vapors
Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, splash goggles, appropriate clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains or natural waters, inform authorities if releases cause risk
Clean-up Methods: Absorb spill with non-combustible material (sand, earth, vermiculite), collect in containers for disposal, clean area with water, ventilate area thoroughly
Disposal of Contaminated Material: See disposal considerations below
Handling: Handle only in well-ventilated places, keep container closed when not in use, avoid skin and eye contact, keep away from food and drink, never smoke while using
Storage: Store in cool, ventilated, flame-proof site; keep out of direct sunlight; avoid humidity; maintain containers tightly sealed; segregate from oxidizers and acids
Incompatible Materials: Avoid strong bases, strong acids, oxidizers, reducing agents
Safe Transfer Methods: Use grounding and bonding for bulk transfers to control static
Engineering Controls: Mechanical ventilation (fume hoods, local exhaust), explosion-proof equipment
Exposure Limits: No ACGIH or OSHA established values; work with lowest possible exposure
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety glasses or goggles, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene best), flame-retardant lab coat, splash apron in large volume use
Respiratory Protection: Cartridge respirator for organic vapors if ventilation is inadequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, faces after handling, keep work clothes separate, remove contaminated clothing
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, fatty aldehyde smell
Boiling Point: 152-154 °C
Melting Point: -44 °C
Flash Point: 44 °C (closed cup)
Autoignition Temperature: 230 °C
Vapor Pressure: 2.4 mmHg at 25 °C
Solubility: Low in water, miscible with many organic solvents
Relative Density: 0.81 g/cm³
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): Estimated 2.5
Refractive Index: 1.423 at 20 °C
pH (Aqueous solution): Not established—forms acidic solution
Evaporation Rate: Moderate (butyl acetate = 1)
Stability: Stable under recommended storage, degrades under heat, prolonged air exposure leads to peroxidation
Chemical Reactivity: May react violently with strong acids, oxidizers, alkali metals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Yields carbon oxides, possible acrolein and related toxic aldehydes under fire
Polymerization: Not reported to polymerize spontaneously
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flame, static discharge, high humidity, prolonged air exposure
Acutely Toxic: Ingestion (rat) LD50: approximately 1600 mg/kg; inhalation data limited; skin irritant
Skin Contact: Causes moderate redness, dryness or blistering after irritation
Eye Contact: Reddening, stinging and watering
Inhalation: Drowsiness, headache, dizziness possible at high vapor concentrations
Chronic Effects: No clear data on cancer or reproductive effects; repeated or long-term contact may sensitize skin; inhalation could negatively impact nervous system
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as a carcinogen by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Other Health Effects: May cause mild liver or kidney disruption after long-term high exposure, based on aldehyde family studies
Aquatic Toxicity: Acute aquatic hazard unlikely at low levels, fish LC50 ~30–40 mg/L/96 h
Bioaccumulation Potential: Moderate, based on log Kow
Degradability: Susceptible to aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation in water and soil
Mobility in Soil: Likely mobile, evaporates and releases to atmosphere
Environmental Fate: Not persistent, breaks down within weeks
Hazard to Wildlife: Avoid spillage in natural water, can harm aquatic species in concentrated amounts
Waste Disposal Methods: Treat as hazardous waste under local, state and federal regulations; incinerate in approved facility or use specialized chemical disposal
Container Disposal: Triple rinse, puncture and send for recycling if possible, otherwise treat as hazardous waste
Unwanted Solutions: Do not pour into drains, sinks, or natural waters; use licenced waste handlers
Regulatory Waste Code: Check local, national lists for appropriate codes (e.g., US EPA D001 for ignitable waste)
UN Number: UN 1987
Proper Shipping Name: Alcohols, n.o.s. (contains N-Heptanal)
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (flammable liquid)
Packing Group: III
Label Required: Flammable Liquid
Marine Pollutant: Not classified as marine pollutant—but avoid aquatic release
Handling During Transport: Ship upright, secure containers, protect from rough handling, keep away from heat
Road/Rail/Sea/Air: Regulated as dangerous good in all modes
TSCA: Listed
EU REACH: Registered substance
OSHA HazCom: Meets hazardous criteria—labeling required
WHMIS (Canada): Class B2 (flammable), D2B (irritant)
California Prop 65: Not listed
Other Local Regulations: Subject to workplace and environmental chemical use controls depending on jurisdiction; storage and use must comply with fire safety, exposure, and release limits if set
