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Product Name: N-Decane
Chemical Formula: C10H22
Chemical Family: Aliphatic Hydrocarbon
CAS Number: 124-18-5
Synonyms: Decane, Normal Decane
Recommended Use: Laboratory solvent, calibration standard, research chemical
Manufacturer/Supplier: Check supplier’s label for contact information and emergency telephone number
Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 2), Aspiration hazard (Category 1), Skin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity single exposure (Category 3 – narcotic effects)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Causes skin and eye irritation. Harmful if swallowed and enters airways.
Pictogram: Flame, Exclamation Mark, Health Hazard
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment. Wear protective gloves and eye protection. Avoid inhalation of vapors.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Health Effects: Central nervous system depression, headache, dizziness, nausea, respiratory irritation, skin dryness
Component: N-Decane
Concentration: ≥99%
CAS Number: 124-18-5
Impurities and Additives: Low-level hydrocarbons possible (reportable if present over 1%)
General Advice: Move exposed person to fresh air. Remove contaminated clothing.
Eye Contact: Flush with water for several minutes. Keep eyelids open. Seek medical attention if irritation recurs.
Skin Contact: Wash area with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Medical attention suggested for persistent irritation.
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air promptly. If breathing becomes difficult, give oxygen and seek medical help.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is alert, rinse mouth with water. Seek immediate medical assistance.
Note to Physicians: Aspiration into lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis. Treat symptomatically.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, sand
Unsuitable Media: Direct water jet may spread the fire
Specific Hazards: Releases toxic fumes under combustion (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide). Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
Special Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear.
Firefighting Techniques: Evacuate area, cool containers with water spray. Prevent runoff into drains.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Use personal protective equipment. Remove ignition sources.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry to sewers and waterways. Report spills to environmental authorities.
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb with non-combustible material like sand or earth. Collect in suitable containers for disposal. Use explosion-proof equipment.
Decontamination: Wash spill area with detergent after material is removed.
Precautions for Safe Handling: Use spark- and explosion-proof tools. Ground containers when transferring. Avoid breathing vapor. Avoid skin and eye contact.
Conditions for Safe Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, well-ventilated areas away from ignition sources. Store away from strong oxidizers.
Incompatibles: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, halogens
Storage Class: Flammable liquid storage
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: Not established; ACGIH TLV: Not established; Manufacturer recommends keeping airborne levels as low as reasonably achievable
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust or general ventilation
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved organic vapor respirator if ventilation is insufficient
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), lab coat
Eye Protection: Safety goggles or face shield
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after handling, do not eat or drink in work area
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Mild, gasoline-like
Odor Threshold: Not available
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -30°C
Boiling Point: 174°C
Flash Point: 46°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Moderate compared to ether
Flammability: Highly flammable
Upper/Lower Explosion Limits: 0.8% / 5.4% (v/v in air)
Vapor Pressure: 1.7 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 4.9 (air = 1)
Specific Gravity: 0.73 (water = 1)
Solubility: Negligible in water; soluble in organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (Octanol/Water): Log Kow 5.01
Auto-ignition Temperature: 210°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not specified
Viscosity: 0.92 cP at 20°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: May react with strong oxidizers
Hazardous Reactions: Vapors may ignite if combined with air and a spark occurs
Decomposition Products: Forms carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons on burning
Polymerization: Not expected
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, eyes
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 5,100 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rabbit): >2,000 mg/kg
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure affects central nervous system, skin dryness, possible lung effects from ingestion
Skin Irritation: Causes irritation, may cause dryness or cracking
Eye Effects: Causes irritation, redness
Respiratory Irritation: Cough, dizziness, headache on inhalation
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as a human carcinogen by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Other Effects: Aspiration into lungs can lead to chemical pneumonia
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects. LC50 (fish, 96h): 2.4 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately persistent, some biodegradability in soil
Bioaccumulation: May bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms (log Kow 5.01)
Mobility in Soil: Low water solubility, expected to partition to soil and sediment
Other Adverse Effects: No specific ozone depletion or global warming potential attributed
Product Disposal: Collect and arrange for disposal at licensed hazardous waste facility
Container Disposal: Triple rinse containers. Dispose in accordance with local regulations.
RCRA Code: U057 (for decane as a listed waste)
Special Precautions: Do not discharge to sewer or surface waters
UN Number: UN2247
Proper Shipping Name: Decanes
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquids)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Flammable liquid
Special Provisions: Keep tightly sealed. Keep away from heat and ignition sources. Consult local, national regulations.
Marine Pollutant: Not listed as marine pollutant according to IMDG Code
OSHA: Classified as Hazardous as per 29 CFR 1910.1200
TSCA: Listed in TSCA inventory
SARA 313: Not subject to reporting
California Proposition 65: Not listed
WHMIS (Canada): B2 – Flammable Liquid
EU: REACH registered; subject to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008
Other Regulations: Subject to state and local standards, fire code storage limits, and workplace monitoring
