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Product Name: N-Butyl Nitrate
Chemical Formula: C4H9NO3
CAS Number: 928-45-0
Synonyms: 1-Butyl Nitrate, N-Butyl Ester of Nitric Acid
Recommended Use: Organic synthesis intermediate, laboratory reagent, potential use in energetic materials
Supplier Information: Check label for manufacturer, address, and emergency contact
Emergency Phone: Refer to label or supplier’s emergency line
GHS Classification: Flammable Liquid (Category 2), Acute Toxicity - Oral (Category 4), Acute Toxicity - Dermal (Category 4), Skin Irritation (Category 2), Eye Irritation (Category 2)
Label Elements: Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes skin and eye irritation, flammable liquid and vapor, harmful if swallowed or absorbed through skin
Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation Mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid heat, sparks, open flames; avoid skin contact; use protective equipment
Target Organs: Skin, eyes, central nervous system, respiratory system
Chemical Name: N-Butyl Nitrate
Common Name: 1-Butyl Nitrate
CAS Number: 928-45-0
Concentration: 100% (pure substance)
Impurities: None expected under normal conditions of use
Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately, keep the affected person warm and at rest, administer oxygen if breathing is difficult, seek medical attention for any symptoms like headache, dizziness, or nausea
Skin Contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical attention for persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for 15 minutes, lift upper and lower eyelids occasionally, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, seek prompt medical care
Ingestion: Seek medical advice immediately, never induce vomiting if unconscious, if victim is conscious, rinse mouth and offer water in small sips, do not leave victim unattended
Most Important Symptoms: Irritation, possible headache, central nervous system effects, nausea, respiratory distress
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide; avoid using water jets directly on the substance, as it may spread the fire
Hazardous Combustion Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, nitrous fumes, toxic vapors
Specific Hazards: Releases toxic gases on combustion, vapors may travel to ignition source, container may explode if heated
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus with full face piece, fire-resistant clothing, and chemical-resistant gloves
Special Procedures: Cool exposed containers with water spray from a safe distance, prevent runoff from entering drains or water bodies
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel from the area, stop leak if you can safely do so, avoid inhalation and skin contact, provide adequate ventilation, use chemical splash goggles and gloves
Environmental Precautions: Prevent from entering drains, surface and ground water, soil contamination must be avoided, notify environmental authorities if large spill occurs
Methods for Containment: Absorb leak with non-combustible absorbent (sand, earth, vermiculite), sweep up and transfer to labeled container for disposal, ventilate contaminated area, use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment
Handling: Avoid all sources of ignition, use non-sparking tools, ground all equipment, keep container tightly sealed, only handle in well-ventilated areas, avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing
Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from sunlight and incompatible materials like strong oxidizers, acids, and reducing agents; keep containers tightly closed and upright; segregate from food and drink
Other Precautions: Do not smoke, eat, or drink in work areas; wash hands thoroughly after handling; keep away from children and untrained personnel
Permissible Exposure Limits: Not established for N-Butyl Nitrate; use general chemical safety standards
Engineering Controls: Use effective ventilation (local exhaust, fume hood); maintain eyewash stations and safety showers in the working area
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), flame-resistant lab coat, splash goggles, face shield if there's a risk of splashing, mask or respirator for inadequate ventilation situations
Hygiene Measures: Remove contaminated clothing promptly, wash thoroughly before breaks or at shift end, do not reuse contaminated clothing before laundering
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Mild, fruity, slightly sweet odor
Odor Threshold: Not available
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -90°C
Boiling Point: 110-112°C
Flash Point: 20°C (68°F)
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Vapor Pressure: 28 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Relative Density: 0.98 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not available
Auto-ignition Temperature: 230°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not available
Viscosity: Low viscosity, mobile liquid
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions; decomposes on exposure to heat or strong acids
Hazardous Reactions: May react violently with strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases, and reducing agents; risk of explosion with heavy metal salts or bases
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, static discharge, contaminated storage, exposure to sunlight or UV
Incompatible Materials: Oxidizers, acids, alkali metals, bases, reducing agents, strong catalytic surfaces
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, fumes of nitric acid
Acute Toxicity: Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or in contact with skin
LD50 (Oral, rat): 120 mg/kg (estimated)
LD50 (Dermal, rabbit): Not fully characterized, potential irritation and toxicity
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes skin irritation with repeated or prolonged exposure
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes moderate to severe eye irritation
Respiratory Sensitization: May cause respiratory irritation, coughing, dizziness, headaches, if inhaled
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogen by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: No data available
Reproductive Toxicity: No data available
Chronic Effects: Repeated exposure may damage central nervous system, cause headaches, and skin sensitization
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life, potential to cause long-lasting impacts in water bodies
Aquatic Toxicity: LC50 (fish): 12 mg/L (estimated)
Persistence and Degradability: Expected to be only slowly biodegradable in natural environments
Bioaccumulative Potential: Not highly bioaccumulative, but should be kept out of surface and groundwater due to long-term impacts
Mobility in Soil: Mobile in soil, poses risk of contaminating groundwater if released
Other Adverse Effects: Even small spills can harm aquatic ecosystems; strictly control waste and emissions
Disposal Methods: Collect unwanted material in properly labeled, tightly closed containers, send to licensed hazardous waste contractor
Do Not: Dispose via sewage, drains, or regular municipal garbage
Container Disposal: Rinse empty containers with plenty of water, neutralize residue if possible, puncture and follow local environmental authority guidelines for chemical containers
Special Precautions: Consult national or regional waste management authorities for proper procedures, do not incinerate in open air
UN Number: 2059
UN Proper Shipping Name: Butyl Nitrate
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquids)
Packing Group: II
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant
Special Precautions for Transport: Keep away from heat and sources of ignition, ensure container integrity and correct labeling, follow all relevant transport codes (IMDG, IATA, ADR)
Emergency Response Guide: Refer to ERG Guide 131 for spills, leaks, or accidents
OSHA: Classified hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA Inventory: Listed
SARA 313: Not subject to SARA Title III Section 313 reporting
EPA Regulations: Waste may be regulated; check with EPA RCRA rules
REACH / EU Regulations: Subject to regulation as a dangerous good, requires consistent safety labeling in EU
Other Relevant Laws: Transport, handling, and disposal are regulated under multiple international conventions and regional standards; check all local, regional, and national requirements
