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Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride: A Deep Dive Into Its Development, Uses, and Future

Historical Development

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride stands on a complicated timeline, with its early roots reaching back to the race for better antibiotics in the late twentieth century. In my own experience digging through old pharmaceutical annals, the birth of this compound jumped out as a direct answer to persistent infections grueling both hospitals and the community. Research scientists, mostly working in well-funded labs in Japan and then the US, pored over chemical structures of existing quinolones, searching for tweaks that could stretch bacterial coverage and improve safety. What they discovered was that slight fluorination on the molecule could enhance activity, nudging them toward lomefloxacin and later, its hydrochloride salt for improved solubility and handling. Approval followed strong clinical results, and by early 1990s, pharmacists began filling scripts for urinary tract, respiratory, and soft tissue infections, and doctors had one more arrow in their quiver against stubborn germs.

Product Overview

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride belongs to the fluoroquinolone class, designed mainly to knock out gram-negative bacteria and a handful of gram-positives. Typically, it comes packaged in tablet and injectable forms, though some countries retain eye drops or other local formulations. From what I have seen, it never earned blockbuster drug status like ciprofloxacin, but infectious disease specialists have kept it as a handy option for patients who may not tolerate more common drugs or where resistance curls its ugly head. Its chemical tweak, that crucial fluorine at the eighth position, allowed more potent action and better penetration into tough spots where many microbes hide. The hydrochloride salt means it dissolves easily in the body, which matters both for clinical success and manufacturing reliability.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride presents as a white to pale-yellow crystalline powder. In hot, humid climates, its stability makes it suitable for pharmaceutical storage, though like most drugs, you still want it in a tight, light-resistant container. On handling, it feels slippery between the fingers, not unlike most finely powdered pharmaceuticals. The compound’s molecular formula, C17H19F2N3O3·HCl, gives away its high nitrogen content. The melting point lies solidly above 250°C, which keeps it from turning mushy during standard tablet compression or sterile filtration. Water solubility stands decent—enough to work in both pill and solution forms—but not so high as to limit its distribution in the body. Its chemical backbone resists easy breakdown by light or heat, though acids can degrade it, so you don’t want to mix it with strong solutions in the same syringe.

Technical Specifications and Labeling

Drug labels spell out strict specifications: assay should run between 99.0% and 101.0% pure by HPLC, related substances under 0.5%, and heavy metals as low as humanly possible. Moisture content mustn't tip too high, keeping caking or microbial growth at bay. Each tablet or vial lists lomefloxacin content in precise milligrams—standard dose stands at 400 mg per tablet for most indications. In my time working alongside pharmacists, accurate identification through heavy reliance on IR and UV absorption spectra proved critical. Every batch release requires not just quantitative assays but dissolution and disintegration checks, making sure patients get release at rates proven by multi-phase clinical studies. Labels in many countries demand safety warnings about potential photosensitivity and central nervous system effects. These are not empty words—experienced clinicians keep a watchful eye for sudden onset of rashes or dizziness in patients, and pharmacists reinforce label warnings at the counter.

Preparation Method

Producing lomefloxacin hydrochloride doesn’t rely on one single secret, but instead follows well-tuned organic chemistry. Manufacturers start with a fluoroquinolone skeleton: a multi-step Fisher synthesis churns out the basic building block, then controlled fluorination and cyclization creates the active antimicrobial nucleus. That core gets treated with hydrochloric acid to form the stable hydrochloride salt. Technicians watch temperature, pH, and purity like hawks—the wrong move leads to impurities, which regulatory bodies won’t tolerate. Engineers run reactors under nitrogen environments to limit side reactions. Afterwards, the powder gets filtered, washed to remove unreacted chemicals, then dried under vacuum, making sure no residual solvents sneak in. Final product testing checks not just purity, but particle size and flow, since those dictate how well tablets form or injectables dissolve. In talking to friends in the industry, it’s clear many rely on a handful of trusted suppliers for the building blocks, trusting no corners are cut in those foundation steps.

Chemical Reactions and Modifications

Lomefloxacin’s chemistry centers on the fluoroquinolone ring, sensitive to strong bases and acids. Substituting atoms at certain positions shifts spectrum and potency, which researchers in medicinal chemistry have played with for decades. Subtle modifications—like adding a methyl group or switching halogen atoms—produce siblings like ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin. The molecule can undergo photolysis, breaking down in sunlight, which ties back to real-world adverse effects like sunburns. In research, I’ve seen standard derivatization for detection in body fluids, attaching chromophores to track drug levels in animal models. Major pharmaceutical players tinker with the parent compound, aiming to limit resistance or side effects, but the main structure resists drastic improvement—nature’s feedback loop rewards only select chemical changes.

Synonyms and Product Names

Across the globe, lomefloxacin hydrochloride appears under dozens of names, reflecting regulatory and marketing twists. Some call it Maxaquin, others stick to the generic label. Pharmacists in Asia might recognize it under locally registered trade names, but the active ingredient remains unchanged. Chemists sometimes refer to its chemical name, 1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride, though most professionals shorten to “lomefloxacin HCl” or simply “lomeflox.” In manufacturing and regulatory filings, catalog numbers pop up for batch tracking. For anyone working with export or import, cross-referencing all these names with CAS numbers wards off confusion or regulatory mishaps.

Safety and Operational Standards

Strict safety rules guide the production and use of lomefloxacin hydrochloride because even small missteps threaten patients and workers. Chemists and technicians wear gloves and masks, given the irritation risk from breathing fine powder or skin exposure. Equipment gets cleaned obsessively to eliminate cross-contamination, with swab tests and UV lights checking for leftover residues. On the clinical side, dosing adjustments protect people with kidney disease, as poor clearance can lead to toxic buildup. Health professionals require clear training on adverse reactions—tendon rupture, nerve effects, and rare but serious allergic responses demand fast recognition. Regulatory inspections no longer merely ask for paperwork; auditors examine logs, calibration records, and even worker interviews to verify day-to-day compliance. In my experience reading FDA warning letters, lapses in documentation or sanitation get flagged harder than ever. Hospitals incorporate electronic medical records to track each patient’s medication schedule, monitoring for drug-drug interactions hidden in otherwise routine care.

Application Area

Doctors reach for lomefloxacin hydrochloride mostly for tough urinary tract and respiratory infections, often where simpler antibiotics fall short. In urology clinics, it addresses tough E. coli or Proteus strains, and infectious disease teams sometimes select it for travel-acquired diarrheas where resistance drags down more standard drugs. In ophthalmology, lomefloxacin eye drops cleaned up after small surgeries or treated corneal ulcers, though newer agents fill that role now. Veterinary specialists leveraged it for animal respiratory issues. Medical literature and decades of patient charts tell a story of measured use—not always the first pick, but valuable when others fail or cause side effects. In rescue scenarios, like hospital outbreaks or compromised patients, having more than one reliable antibiotic keeps mortality down. Even as resistance shifts the battlefield, the value of an “older” backup like lomefloxacin remains real in many settings.

Research and Development

The research crews behind lomefloxacin hydrochloride invested years unpicking the genetics of bacteria, hunting for weaknesses that the compound could exploit. They studied not only microbial kill curves but how the drug entered tissues, moved through the body, and got cleared out by healthy and impaired kidneys. Later arms of research chased the origins of side effects, tracking how sunlight sparked adverse skin reactions or why rare patients reported nerve problems. These studies shaped both clinical recommendations and the fine print of drug labels. In my academic circles, molecular modeling and resistance mapping remains ongoing, searching for new derivatives with less risk but maintaining strong antibacterial effect. Lab animals, tissue cultures, and even advanced computer simulations cross-confirm how tweaks to the quinolone structure change bacterial killing, human tolerance, or elimination speed. Grants and collaborations push for ways to restore effectiveness against bacteria that seem intent on outsmarting every new antibiotic.

Toxicity Research

Preclinical safety studies spotlighted the risks of overexposure, especially related to tendons, nerves, and skin, and this work directly affected dosing guidance. Toxicologists in both private labs and government agencies confirmed that excess drug leads to central nervous system effects—hallucinations, confusion, even seizures in extreme overdoses. Animal models shed light on reproductive safety and potential for birth defects, cataloguing every anomaly with forensic care, since over-the-counter and hospital use demands clear risk assessment. Blood panels and kidney studies in both rat and primate models steered the caution around use in elderly and impaired patients. In real-world clinics, follow-ups after widespread use revealed patterns—noisy data at first, but unmistakable warnings about rare but serious side effects. The lesson has always been to match patient to drug, not simply rely on “stronger is better.”

Future Prospects

Fluoroquinolones as a group face challenges, but lomefloxacin hydrochloride holds a clear place for at least the near future. Researchers aim for next-generation versions with smaller risk of resistance, but reality shows that older drugs often make a comeback where bacteria dodge newer therapies. New studies may reveal lower, safer doses or combination approaches that keep effectiveness alive. Synthetic chemists continue searching for modifications that limit phototoxicity and other classic side effects, and I have seen researchers testing lomefloxacin adjuncts in animal models against tomorrow’s microbial threats. With global travel and hospital care shifting pathogens around the world, having a diverse set of tried-and-tested antibiotics on the shelf remains crucial. As long as careful stewardship guides use, knowledge keeps evolving, and honest assessment of side effects makes it to the bedside, lomefloxacin hydrochloride will keep serving patients amid the shifting sands of infectious disease.




What is Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride used for?

A Closer Look at This Antibiotic

Anyone who’s ever faced a stubborn bacterial infection knows the relief that comes with an effective antibiotic. Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride sits in the family of drugs called fluoroquinolones, a group that specialists trust for a pretty broad swath of infections. Doctors across the world often reach for this prescription, especially for folks dealing with respiratory tract issues, urinary tract infections (UTIs), or some types of gastrointestinal trouble caused by bacteria.

I remember talking to pharmacists about how these antibiotics really changed the game for people who had chronic UTIs. People who tried older antibiotics often kept coming back with relapses. After lomefloxacin entered the picture, a lot of folks could finally shake off infections that hung around for months.

Why Lomefloxacin Stands Out

Gut feelings aren’t always reliable in medicine, so let’s look at science. Lomefloxacin gets into the bacteria and basically blocks them from copying their DNA. With the reproduction process stuck, bacteria die out, and your natural defenses catch a break. Unlike penicillins or older drugs, fluoroquinolones tackle a wide mix of bugs, both the Gram-negative like E. coli and some Gram-positive troublemakers.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention highlights how UTIs often come from bacteria that get clever at fighting off regular antibiotics. Doctors noticed that lomefloxacin kept working even after other drugs struck out.

Respiratory tract infections also hit hardest in the elderly or folks with weak immune defenses. Lomefloxacin became popular for these cases. Patients could take it once a day, which boosted the odds that they’d remember to finish the whole course.

Concerns and Responsible Use

No one likes getting antibiotics for every sniffle, and with good reason. Overuse drove up resistance rates, which paints a tough picture for global health. The World Health Organization keeps warning about how every unnecessary prescription means fewer options tomorrow. Fluoroquinolones, including lomefloxacin, earned a place on the list of drugs to use carefully. Side effects sometimes show up, ranging from upset stomach to more serious things like tendon problems or nerve pain. These turn up more often in people over 60, those with kidney issues, or folks taking corticosteroids.

From conversations with doctors, it’s clear: education and clearer guidelines help doctors choose the right tool at the right time. I’ve seen clinics post signs and send digital reminders about smart antibiotic use. This matters because drug resistance doesn’t just threaten one patient — it can rock entire communities.

Balancing Effectiveness and Safety

New solutions center around testing infections before picking an antibiotic. Some clinics use rapid diagnostics: a quick swab or urine test can hint at whether bacteria or viruses need to be treated. I’ve watched family members get relief faster this way, with fewer side effects in the long run. Patients need to finish antibiotics as prescribed, not just until they feel better, since bacteria learn fast.

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride definitely brings hope for people who’ve tried everything else, but we need to treat it with respect. Listening to your doctor, asking what the infection really is, and following dosing directions can help keep these useful drugs around for the next generation. Everyone can play a role: take antibiotics as prescribed, don’t save leftovers, and talk openly with healthcare pros about any side effects. Our best shot at keeping antibiotics working well comes from respect, science, and clear communication.

What are the possible side effects of Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride?

What Is Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride?

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride shows up in pharmacies as an antibiotic designed to handle bacterial infections, often targeting areas like the urinary tract. Its main goal is to stop bacteria from multiplying, making it a reliable option when doctors need to clear a stubborn infection. With more people reaching for antibiotics, knowing the potential risks tied to each medication helps people make smarter choices for their health.

Common Side Effects and What to Expect

Every medication brings the potential for side effects, no matter how advanced the science behind it. With lomefloxacin hydrochloride, digestive issues seem to surface most often. Upset stomach, nausea, or diarrhea can show up within days of starting treatment. Not every person goes through these problems, but anyone who has struggled through a round of antibiotics recognizes the toll on appetite and bathroom habits. Health professionals point out these reactions as the body’s natural way of reacting to changes in gut bacteria.

Sometimes mild headaches or trouble sleeping sneak in. While those issues rarely stop people from finishing a prescription, I’ve come across patients who swear it disrupts their day-to-day rhythm more than expected. Respecting those symptoms and checking in with the prescribing doctor matters, especially if they do not go away after a few days.

Medium and Long-Term Concerns

Some reactions point to a larger concern and should not be ignored. Skin rashes, itching, or swelling need attention, since these might signal an allergic response. Once allergic reactions start, stopping the medication and seeking medical advice quickly becomes important. The CDC highlights how allergic drug reactions send thousands to the ER every year, making awareness vital.

Sensitivity to light (photosensitivity) comes up fairly often with lomefloxacin. Sunburn after only a brief outdoor trip appears in published studies. Wearing protective clothing and sunscreen offers a practical way to lower this risk. People living in sunnier climates notice such reactions more quickly and often remember to take things slow in direct sunlight while taking this medicine.

Serious but Rare Risks

Tendon problems have made headlines in recent years for people using certain antibiotics, including lomefloxacin. Tendon pain—especially in the Achilles tendon—signals an issue that should send any patient to their doctor without delay. According to the FDA, fluoroquinolones sometimes raise the risk of tendon rupture, particularly for older adults and those on corticosteroids. This is not a daily occurrence, but staying alert to persistent pain helps avoid lifelong complications.

Liver problems and changes in mood or thought, such as confusion or hallucinations, rank among the rarest reactions. These need urgent attention if they occur. Health authorities teach that having open lines of communication with healthcare providers saves lives by catching unexpected or dangerous effects early on.

How to Manage Risks

Being honest with your doctor about allergies, medical history, and other current medications supports safer use of lomefloxacin hydrochloride. Even something as simple as keeping track of side effects in a journal lets patients spot patterns early and speak up before an issue grows.

Doctors weigh the benefits and potential harms every time they choose this antibiotic. Anyone starting lomefloxacin ought to keep emergency doctor contacts handy and avoid overexposing their skin to sunlight. A focus on communication and self-awareness makes this powerful antibiotic work better while avoiding the worst outcomes.

How should Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride be taken or administered?

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride: What Science Tells Us

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride fights a range of bacterial infections. Physicians prescribe it for respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and some skin issues. The drug belongs to the fluoroquinolone class, which targets bacteria by halting the replication of their genetic material. Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride has been researched, tested, and compared to older antibiotics. It emerged as an option for cases where other treatments have failed or can’t be used due to allergies.

How to Take Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride

The pill goes down best with a glass of water. Swallow it whole—crushing or chewing it disrupts how your body absorbs the active ingredient. Doctors usually recommend taking it once a day, often at the same time. You don’t need to chase it with a meal, but food eases minor nausea, which some people get as a side effect. If your stomach turns easily, eating a light meal right before can smooth things out.

What many overlook is how minerals interact with this medication. Calcium, magnesium, iron supplements, and even antacids can lower how much your body takes in. You won’t get the full benefit if you swallow the pill too soon before or after dairy, vitamins, or these mineral-rich products. Waiting at least two hours between lomefloxacin and these foods or pills avoids problems.

Sticking to Proper Dosage

The dose your doctor picks won’t match what your friend or partner takes. Young adults with no other health problems might get the typical dose. Older adults or those with kidney issues might need less. Too much lomefloxacin can stress your nerves or tendons, which the FDA and other health watchdogs track closely. 

Skipping doses leads bacteria to regroup and bounce back. Finishing the entire course, even after symptoms disappear, prevents return infections and reduces the threat of drug resistance. Taking it at evenly spaced times keeps the drug level steady—tough for busy schedules, but reminders help.

Side Effects and Warnings

Most people handle lomefloxacin without serious trouble—some get headaches, stomach upset, or trouble sleeping. Doctors flag a risk for more severe effects: tendon pain, joint swelling, or changes in mood. If these crop up, it’s not wise to power through. A phone call to a clinic closes the gap before things get worse.

Sunburn comes extra easy during treatment. Wearing sunscreen and covering skin blocks a sharp, itchy rash brought by the drug’s sun sensitivity effect. Fluoroquinolones have earned media attention for rare nerve symptoms—numbness or tingling deserve urgent notice. 

Steps for Safe Use

Doctors and pharmacists know the ropes, but patients do best by staying informed and involved. Reminders on your phone or sticky notes keep dosing on track. Questions or new symptoms get priority over searching symptom lists online. 

Storing the medicine out of reach of children and at room temperature keeps everyone safe. Leftover pills, once the infection has cleared, go back to your pharmacy for disposal—never down the drain or in household trash. 

Lomefloxacin and Antibiotic Stewardship

Antibiotics remain a precious tool in modern medicine. Using them thoughtfully—at the right dose, at the right schedule, in line with a doctor’s advice—slows resistance and protects future generations. Lomefloxacin offers help when other treatments come up short, but the greatest benefit comes with mindful, informed use.

Are there any contraindications or drug interactions with Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride?

Real-World Risks with Lomefloxacin

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride, an antibiotic in the fluoroquinolone family, tackles tough bacterial infections. Doctors pick it for urinary tract infections or sometimes for respiratory bugs. I’ve seen plenty of patients get better thanks to it, but nobody walks out the pharmacy with a bottle unless they know what could go wrong.

Not for Everyone—Clear Contraindications

One glaring issue: people who have shown an allergy to fluoroquinolones need another option. Breathing problems, a nasty rash, or swelling after a dose land you straight back in the doctor’s office. Underlying tendon disorders, especially for athletes or anyone who’s ever ruptured an Achilles before, can turn one week of pills into months of pain, since fluoroquinolones like lomefloxacin can ramp up tendon injury risks. Those with a history of myasthenia gravis also face worsening muscle weakness because the drug knocks their condition out of balance.

Serious Drug Interactions

Certain drug combos with lomefloxacin just aren’t worth the trouble. Take antacids containing magnesium, aluminum, or calcium: these don’t mix well, because they block the antibiotic from getting absorbed into your system. I’ve seen folks pop their daily dose with a glass of milk, not realizing the calcium can make the drug useless. If you use sucralfate for ulcers, or iron supplements, the story’s the same: less medicine soaks in, which means bad news for anyone hoping to get over an infection.

Blood sugar changes worry me most. Lomefloxacin can mess with how your body processes sugar, especially if you use drugs for diabetes. Some people land in the ER because of a severe low or high. Medications like glyburide or insulin need careful tweaking, and blood sugars can flip unexpectedly. The risks just aren’t worth guessing—regular checks help dodge a scary situation.

Heart Health and Other Hazards

People with a history of heart rhythm issues, like QT prolongation, face extra hazards. Mixing lomefloxacin with antiarrhythmics, certain antidepressants, or even common antihistamines raises the chance of dangerous heart rhythms. Cases of irregular heartbeats aren’t just numbers in a textbook; I once watched a patient’s heart monitor light up because no one checked the interaction list closely.

Liver and kidney problems turn dosing into a math puzzle. Sick livers or kidneys clear the drug slowly, and drug levels in the body creep up. Real harm can follow, which means health care teams have to check labs and sometimes adjust the dose down. Anyone over sixty or with existing health issues will want their team checking for hidden risks before, during, and after their antibiotic course.

What Can Patients and Providers Do?

Open conversations make a difference. Before taking the first pill, bring every supplement and prescription to the table, including anything from the health food store. Pharmacists are trained to spot red flags but need the whole story. Reminders work: setting alarms for doses, using pill organizers, and asking about side effects early prevents most headaches.

Reporting new symptoms right away—numbness, pain, palpitations, or strange blood sugar numbers—keeps things safe. With a little vigilance, people get the benefits of lomefloxacin and dodge most of the dangers. Medicine only works as well as the teamwork around it, and real solutions start with honest conversation and smart monitoring.

Can Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

The Questions That Keep Popping Up

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride comes up sometimes in hospitals and clinics, usually when a doctor faces a tough bacterial infection. People expect medicine to come with answers, not more questions. Yet for pregnant and breastfeeding folks, antibiotics like lomefloxacin spark debates, worry, and a lot of googling. I remember a neighbor calling late one night, clutching her prescription and asking, “Can I really take this if I’m pregnant?” The uncertainty weighs heavy because people want to do right by their kids from day one.

What Does Research Actually Say?

Medical research tells us that lomefloxacin belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics. Over the years, doctors have flagged concerns about this group’s safety in pregnancy. The FDA does not categorize lomefloxacin as a safe first-choice antibiotic when someone is carrying a child. Animal studies link the drug to bone and joint problems in developing babies, which raises red flags. Human data remains limited, partly because the ethical lines around testing on pregnant people are clear: researchers won’t cross them.

Doctors on the front line often opt for medicines with plenty of data behind them. Drugs such as penicillins or certain cephalosporins usually earn a green light for treating infections during pregnancy. That confidence doesn’t come from guesswork, but from decades of comparative studies. For lomefloxacin, the hesitation comes down to that missing reassurance and some real worries from animal research.

What About During Breastfeeding?

Nursing parents face a similar conundrum. Lomefloxacin passes into breast milk, and there’s not much research about how much gets to the baby, or what happens after it does. With other antibiotics, the track record is clear enough for doctors to say, “Go ahead and feed.” With lomefloxacin, doctors get cagey. Changes in a baby’s bones or joints might not show up right away, and that’s not a risk most families are willing to take.

The American Academy of Pediatrics does not list lomefloxacin as a preferred choice for breastfeeding parents. The World Health Organization echoes a cautious approach, nudging doctors toward antibiotics with a stronger safety record. These recommendations come from a place of “better safe than sorry.” As a parent myself, that advice sits well with me. Why add uncertainty to months that already feel full of curveballs?

Healthcare Decisions Matter More Than Ever

Some people ask why anyone would prescribe lomefloxacin to someone who is pregnant or breastfeeding. The answer boils down to medical necessity. In rare situations where no other drug works against a bacterial infection, a doctor might consider it. But those situations don’t come up every day. Most bacterial infections respond to other medications, making risky choices unnecessary. For families, that means their best move is speaking up, asking their doctor, “Are there safer options?” and expecting a clear answer.

Doctors and pharmacists carry the responsibility for making sure families have all the facts. Reading a drug insert or a quick summary from a website can't always match a real conversation with a healthcare provider. Online forums light up with stories and advice, but only a doctor knows someone’s health story inside and out. In my experience, any provider worth their salt welcomes questions instead of brushing them off.

A Call for Better Research and Clearer Answers

People deserve more solid information about medications, especially when a decision could shape a child’s future health. For lomefloxacin, it’s time for more research and clearer guidelines. Pharmaceutical companies and health agencies can do better than “We just don’t know.” Until that happens, most families (and their doctors) will keep turning to antibiotics they understand, with proven safety records and reliable outcomes.

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride
Names
Preferred IUPAC name (±)-1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride
Other names Lomflox
Maxaquin
Okacyn
Logimox
Pronunciation /loʊˌmɛf.lɔkˈsə.sɪn haɪˌdrɒ.kləˈraɪd/
Identifiers
CAS Number 186826-86-8
Beilstein Reference 2060716
ChEBI CHEBI:7514
ChEMBL CHEMBL1431
ChemSpider 146410
DrugBank DB00978
ECHA InfoCard 100.114.600
EC Number 62013-04-1
Gmelin Reference 107167
KEGG D08154
MeSH D017045
PubChem CID 65060
RTECS number QBC53918G0
UNII 11563W8K3J
UN number UN2811
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) urn:li:compound:DTXSID0033148
Properties
Chemical formula C17H19F2N3O3·HCl
Molar mass 427.83 g/mol
Appearance White or almost white crystalline powder
Odor Odorless
Density 1.49 g/cm3
Solubility in water Freely soluble in water
log P -0.41
Acidity (pKa) 7.34
Basicity (pKb) 7.16
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) -74.3×10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (nD) 1.732
Viscosity Viscous liquid
Dipole moment 3.87 D
Pharmacology
ATC code S01AE10
Hazards
Main hazards May cause allergic reactions; harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin; causes eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation.
GHS labelling GHS05, GHS07
Pictograms eye irritant, hazardous to aquatic environment
Signal word Warning
Hazard statements H302: Harmful if swallowed. H319: Causes serious eye irritation.
Precautionary statements Keep out of reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away. Avoid contact with eyes. In case of contact, rinse eyes thoroughly with water.
Flash point > Flash point: 267.8 °C
Lethal dose or concentration LD50 oral rat 7030 mg/kg
LD50 (median dose) LD50 (median dose): Mouse intravenous LD50 is 295 mg/kg
PEL (Permissible) Not established
REL (Recommended) 400 mg daily
Related compounds
Related compounds Ciprofloxacin
Enoxacin
Fleroxacin
Levofloxacin
Norfloxacin
Ofloxacin
Pefloxacin
Sparfloxacin
Trovafloxacin