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Product Name: Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Chemical Family: Amide-type local anesthetic
Molecular Formula: C14H22N2O • HCl
Molecular Weight: 288.82 g/mol
Synonyms: 2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide hydrochloride
Manufacturer Information: See supplier label for current contact details
Recommended Use: Local anesthetic treatment in medical and dental procedures
Restrictions on Use: Not intended for food, cosmetic, or household applications
Hazard Classification: Acute Tox. 3 (oral), Eye Irrit. 2, Skin Sens. 1
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed; causes serious eye irritation; may cause allergic skin reaction
Pictogram: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust; wash hands after handling; wear eye and face protection; do not eat, drink, or smoke when using
Potential Health Effects: May cause central nervous system depression, dizziness, difficulty breathing, cardiac arrhythmias in severe cases
Chemical Name: Lidocaine Hydrochloride
CAS Number: 73-78-9
Concentration: ≥98% (by weight)
Impurities: Typically contains trace amounts of sodium chloride and water (from pharmaceutical formulation)
Inhalation: Remove exposed individual to fresh air. Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Watch for signs of allergic reaction. Get medical help if irritation develops.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Get prompt medical attention.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water. Immediate treatment is essential—transport to emergency facility.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: High-pressure water jets, which may spread dust
Special Hazards: Thermal decomposition produces toxic gases: nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide
Protective Actions: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear. Evacuate area and cool containers with water spray.
Advice for Firefighters: Prevent runoff from entering drains or watercourses as product is harmful to aquatic environments
Personal Precautions: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Avoid inhalation and contact.
Environmental Precautions: Keep product and runoff out of drains, sewers, and waterways. Avoid soil contamination.
Methods for Clean-up: Sweep up spill and place in a designated, sealed container for disposal. Ventilate the area thoroughly. Wash down spill site with copious water after removal.
Safe Handling: Avoid dust formation. Use only in well-ventilated areas. Wear appropriate personal protection and follow good hygiene practices, including washing hands before eating.
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place. Keep away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers and acids.
Storage Temperature: Recommended between 15–25°C (59–77°F) for optimal product stability
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, some metals
Packing Materials: Use original container or tightly sealed inert packaging to prevent moisture ingress
Engineering Controls: Ensure local exhaust or adequate general exhaust ventilation to keep air concentrations low. Fume hoods or exhaust fans provide added control in lab settings.
Respiratory Protection: Use approved particulate respirators if dust is generated.
Eye Protection: Chemical safety goggles or full-face shield
Skin Protection: Disposable gloves (nitrile or latex), laboratory coats, closed-toe footwear
Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA, ACGIH, or NIOSH limits established for lidocaine hydrochloride; minimize exposure by all practical means
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
pH: 4.0–5.5 (for aqueous solutions, 1% w/v)
Melting Point: 74–79°C
Boiling Point: Not determined
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-volatile solid)
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in chloroform
Vapor Pressure: Not volatile at ambient temperature
Density: 1.07 g/cm3
Partition Coefficient: log P (octanol/water): -2.3 (calculated)
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, humidity, light exposure
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, strong acids, certain reactive metals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Produces carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride under intense heat or fire
Routes of Exposure: Oral, inhalation, dermal, eye contact
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 317 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit): 794 mg/kg
Chronic Effects: Repeated or prolonged exposure may induce sensitization, with symptoms like allergic dermatitis
CNS Effects: Drowsiness, seizures, confusion at toxic doses
Symptoms of Overexposure: Numbness, tingling, bradycardia, tremor, convulsions
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Reproductive Toxicity: No clear evidence from animal studies, but minimize unnecessary exposure
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic life at low concentrations; LC50 (fish, 96hr): 150 mg/L (estimated)
Mobility: Readily dissolved in water; may leach into groundwater if released
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable; breakdown products may accumulate
Bioaccumulation: Low to moderate potential based on log P data; main concern is acute harm to organisms
Other Adverse Effects: Do not discharge to uncontrolled environments or water bodies
Disposal Methods: Collect in a sealed, labeled hazardous chemical waste container. Dispose of as per local, regional, or national hazardous waste regulations.
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse and triple-wash containers before disposal; incinerate or landfill under approved conditions
Special Precautions: Avoid unintentional release to environment; contact professional hazardous waste contractor for large volumes
UN Number: Not regulated under UN transport for typical small quantities in research and medicine; consult local codes for bulk quantities
Proper Shipping Name: Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Transport Hazard Class: Not classified as dangerous for road, rail, air, or sea by GHS criteria
Packing Group: Not assigned
Marine Pollutant: Not listed, but avoid spillage into water
Special Precautions: Secure packages to avoid leaks and keep away from food and feeds in transit
Safety, Health, and Environmental Regulations: Listed by WHO as essential medicine; subject to drug regulations in most jurisdictions
REACH Status (EU): Exempt for pharmaceutical use; otherwise, standard chemical registration rules apply
OSHA Hazard Communication: Covered as hazardous substance
SARA Title III / CERCLA / TSCA (US): Not listed as reportable or extremely hazardous, but handle as hazardous laboratory chemical
Other Listings: Included in pharmacopeia standards (USP, BP, EP)
