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Product Name: Ivermectin
Chemical Name: 22,23-Dihydroavermectin B1a and 22,23-Dihydroavermectin B1b mixture
CAS Number: 70288-86-7
Recommended Use: Antiparasitic agent in human and veterinary medicine
Manufacturer Details: Available from various pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors
Emergency Contact: Refer to local poison control or emergency services
Molecular Formula: C48H74O14 (B1a); C47H72O14 (B1b)
Molecular Weight: 875.1 g/mol (B1a); 861.1 g/mol (B1b)
Synonyms: Ivermectin B1, MK-933, Mectizan, Ivomec
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, Category 4), Eye irritation (Category 2B), Aquatic toxicity (acute and chronic, Category 1)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed; Causes eye irritation; Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, Environmental hazard
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or fumes; Wear protective clothing and eye protection; Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Avoid release to the environment
Routes of Exposure: Ingestion, inhalation, skin and eye contact
Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, nausea, visual disturbances, skin and eye irritation
Risk Phrases: R22 (Harmful if swallowed), R36 (Irritating to eyes), R50/53 (Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment)
Active Ingredient: Ivermectin (mixture of not less than 80% 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a and not more than 20% 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1b)
Purity: Typically ≥ 95% pure
Impurities: Trace fermentation residues and related avermectin derivatives can be present
Type: Macrolide endectocide
Formulation: Tablet, topical cream, oral solution, injectable solution, powders
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air; seek medical advice immediately if symptoms persist (headache, dizziness).
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash affected area with soap and water, consult medical care if irritation develops or persists.
Eye Contact: Immediately rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lift eyelids to be thorough, seek medical help if irritation continues.
Ingestion: If swallowed and symptomatic, do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, give water if conscious, seek immediate medical attention and provide product label or packaging.
Most Important Symptoms/Effects: Neurological symptoms (drowsiness, ataxia), gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting), possible temporary visual disturbances.
Note to Doctors: Symptomatic treatment is recommended; Ivermectin crosses blood-brain barrier in overdose.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide (CO2)
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jet (may spread powders or contamination)
Hazards from Combustion: May release toxic fumes including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing
Special Precautions: Avoid runoff into water sources and drains due to aquatic toxicity
Flammability: Not highly flammable, but organic dusts can form explosive mixtures with air
Personal Precautions: Use personal protective equipment to avoid inhalation or contact; ventilate area
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, soil, or aquatic environments
Containment and Cleaning Methods: Absorb spill with inert material (sand, earth); sweep up and place in sealed container for disposal; clean area thoroughly
Special Disposal: Collect spills as hazardous waste; dispose of according to local regulations
Reporting: Report significant spills to environmental authorities
Handling: Minimize dust generation; use only in well-ventilated areas; avoid contact with eyes, skin; keep away from incompatible substances (strong oxidizers)
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands and exposed skin after handling; do not eat, drink or smoke in work area
Storage Conditions: Keep containers tightly closed; store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from light and moisture; segregate from food, animal feed, and incompatible chemicals
Packaging: Use original containers only, properly labeled
Storage Temperature: Recommended below 30°C (86°F), protected from freezing
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA, ACGIH, or NIOSH limits; minimize exposure through good practice
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, containment if powder handling, prevention of aerosol generation
Personal Protective Equipment:
Appearance: White to yellowish crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless or with faint fermentation-like odor
pH: Not applicable (insoluble in water); neutral in organic solvents
Melting Point: 155 – 157°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; freely soluble in methanol, ethanol, chloroform
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Density: Approximately 1.23 g/cm³
Flash Point: Not highly flammable (no significant data)
Other Data: Non-volatile, forms stable solid under normal conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended handling and storage conditions
Reactivity: Not highly reactive, though incompatible with strong oxidizing agents
Conditions to Avoid: High temperatures, exposure to light, moisture, freezing-thawing cycles
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers (e.g., peroxides, nitric acid), strong acids
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Toxic fumes (CO, CO₂, nitrogen oxides) under fire conditions
Polymerization: Does not occur
Acute Oral Toxicity: LD50 (rat): 10 – 50 mg/kg
Inhalation Toxicity: No significant data; avoid inhaling dust or aerosols
Dermal Toxicity: Practically non-toxic by skin contact; may cause irritation
Chronic Exposure: Animal studies show neurotoxic effects at high doses, typical therapeutic doses show low toxicity
Symptoms of Overexposure: Ataxia, CNS depression, visual disturbance, dizziness, possible coordination loss
Carcinogenicity: No evidence from long-term animal studies
Mutagenicity: Not mutagenic in standard assays
Other Effects: High doses affect central nervous system, can cause lethargy, tremors, and vomiting
Ecotoxicity: Very toxic to aquatic organisms (fish LC50: 3 – 25 μg/L)
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately persistent in soil and water, slow biodegradation
Bioaccumulation: High potential for bioaccumulation, especially in aquatic organisms
Mobility in Soil: Moderate, binds strongly to soil particles
Effects on Non-target Species: Dangerous to insects, aquatic invertebrates, and crustaceans
Precautions: Prevent environmental contamination, do not allow product or runoff to enter water bodies
Waste Treatment: Dispose of content and container using approved hazardous waste facilities
Small Quantities: Absorb with suitable inert material and place in chemical waste container
Large Quantities: Contact licensed chemical waste disposal contractor
Prevent Water Contamination: Do not dispose of in sinks, drains, or watercourses
Packing Waste: Ensure containers are fully emptied and rinsed before disposal, follow local regulation
UN Number: UN 3077
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (Ivermectin)
Transport Hazard Class: 9 (Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles)
Packing Group: III (Substances presenting low danger)
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Transport Precautions: Protect from moisture and direct sunlight, keep package intact
Road/Rail (ADR/RID): Refer to local/national regulations
Air (ICAO/IATA): Not restricted in passenger or cargo aircraft below threshold quantities, consult operator
Sea (IMDG): Classified as marine pollutant, stow away from foodstuffs and feed
Inventory Status: Listed in global chemical inventories (US TSCA, EU EINECS, Australia AICS, Canada DSL)
Regulatory Classification: Prescription pharmaceutical under FDA, EMA, and many national authorities; pesticides under EPA
Hazard Symbols: Xn (Harmful), N (Dangerous for the environment)
Labeling: Warning and environmental hazard pictograms required
Additional Requirements: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) hazard communication standard applies; risk management measures necessary for environmental protection
Restrictions: Veterinary and agricultural uses regulated by authorities; prohibited for aquaculture in some jurisdictions due to aquatic toxicity
Worker Health: Employers must provide safety training and material data access
