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Chemical Name: Isopropyl Nitrate
Synonyms: 2-Propylnitrate, IPN
Chemical Formula: C3H7NO3
Molecular Weight: 105.09 g/mol
CAS Number: 1712-64-7
Product Use: Solvent, industrial applications, specialty chemicals
Manufacturer: Refer to the supplier providing the material
Emergency Phone Number: Refer to local and national emergency contacts with experience handling hazardous materials
Hazard Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 2), Acute toxicity oral (Category 4), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity—single exposure (Category 3)
Label Elements: Danger signal word, flame and exclamation pictograms
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor, harmful if swallowed or inhaled, causes eye irritation, may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames. Avoid breathing vapors. Use personal protective equipment. Store in a well-ventilated place
Component: Isopropyl Nitrate
Concentration: Greater than 98% by weight
Impurities: May contain trace amounts of related alkyl nitrates or residual solvents from synthesis
Stabilizers: None typically added
Hazardous Decomposition: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide on thermal decomposition
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air, keep at rest, monitor breathing, seek medical attention if symptoms such as dizziness or headache persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, flush exposed skin with copious amounts of water, wash thoroughly with soap, obtain medical evaluation for irritation or symptoms
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously under running water for 15 minutes or more, keeping eyelids open, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, seek prompt medical advice
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth carefully with water if conscious, drink small quantities of water to dilute, get immediate medical attention
Main Symptoms: Headache, nausea, dizziness, respiratory irritation, eye redness
Advice for Physicians: Treat symptomatically, monitor for methemoglobinemia in severe cases, supportive care as required
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam; avoid water jets that may spread flammable liquid
Unsuitable Media: Water under pressure can disperse material
Specific Hazards: Vapor is heavier than air, may travel to ignition sources, combustion produces toxic gases including nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide
Special PPE for Firefighters: Full structural firefighting gear, self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical splash suit
Fire Fighting Instructions: Fight fire from safe distance, evacuate area if large fire, cool containers with water spray from behind cover
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, prevent inhalation of vapors, avoid skin and eye contact, use protective equipment
Environmental Precautions: Contain spill to prevent entry into drains, soil, or watercourses; notify authorities if significant spill enters waterway
Methods for Clean Up: Eliminate ignition sources, cover with inert absorbent material (sand, earth), collect into labeled, sealed containers for proper disposal, ventilate area thoroughly after cleanup
Handling: Work in well-ventilated locations, avoid all sources of ignition including static discharge, ground and bond containers during transfer, wear protective gloves, goggles, flame-resistant lab coat, and closed footwear, avoid inhaling vapors or mists
Storage: Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from heat, sparks, oxidizers, acids, reducing agents, store in approved safety containers, separate from incompatible materials, maintain inventory controls and proper signage
Other Precautions: Use non-sparking tools, implement spill response plan, restrict access to trained personnel
Occupational Exposure Limits: No workplace exposure limit established by OSHA or ACGIH; minimize inhalation and skin exposure
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or fume hood, explosion-proof ventilation systems
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, butyl rubber), splash-proof goggles or face shield, flame-resistant clothing, closed shoes, NIOSH-approved respirator if airborne exposure risk
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands before eating, remove contaminated clothing before leaving work area, do not eat, drink, or smoke during use
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Sweet, ether-like aroma
Boiling Point: Approximately 99 to 101°C (210°F to 214°F)
Melting Point: Below -50°C
Vapor Pressure: Roughly 30 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density (air = 1): Greater than 1
Density/Specific Gravity: About 0.98 at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Moderately soluble, forms emulsions
Flash Point: 10°C (closed cup)
Auto-Ignition Temperature: About 182°C
Evaporation Rate: Rapid compared to water
Partition Coefficient (Log Kow): 1.6 to 2
Chemical Stability: Prone to decomposition under heat, open flame, or spark, remains stable under recommended storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Ignition sources, excessive heat, shock, static electricity, direct sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, alkalis, strong oxidizers, reducing agents, metal powders
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, irritating vapors and smoke under combustion or thermal decomposition
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, and eye contact
Acute Toxicity: LD50 oral (rat): 160 mg/kg; harmful effects may appear quickly, especially with inhalation or ingestion
Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, confusion, nausea, fatigue
Skin Irritation: Prolonged contact may cause defatting, irritation, redness
Eye Irritation: Vapors or liquid may cause pain, redness, watering
Sensitization: Not classified as a skin sensitizer
Chronic Effects: No long-term carcinogenicity data available; repeated or prolonged exposure may affect blood and central nervous system
Additional Information: Persons with preexisting blood or heart disorders could be at increased risk from exposure
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Persistence and Degradability: Partially biodegradable, volatility may result in atmospheric dispersion
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate based on log Kow, potential for accumulation in aquatic species
Mobility in Soil: Expected to have low to moderate mobility, may leach into groundwater depending on local soil conditions
Other Adverse Effects: Contribution to ground-level ozone and photochemical smog possible due to volatility, report significant environmental releases
Product Disposal: Treat as hazardous waste under local, state, and national regulations, use licensed waste contractor, incinerate in approved facility with appropriate controls
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers retain vapor and liquid residue, triple rinse before disposal, puncture and destroy containers after decontamination
Precautions: Do not discharge untreated into water bodies, sewers, or soil
UN Number: UN 2485
UN Proper Shipping Name: ISOPROPYL NITRATE
Transport Hazard Classes: 3 (Flammable liquid), 6.1 (Toxic substance)
Packing Group: I or II depending on quantity and packaging
Labels Required: Flammable liquid, Toxic
Special Precautions: Secure containers upright, segregate from incompatible materials, ensure transporters are trained in hazardous material handling, follow national and international transport regulations
Marine Pollutant: Yes
OSHA: Classified hazardous; mandatory workplace hazard communication
EPA: Subject to reporting under CERCLA for reportable quantities, listed under hazardous substances regulations
TSCA: Listed on Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
EU Regulation: Covered under REACH as an industrial chemical, labeled for explosive and environmental hazards, strict notification requirements
Other Regulations: Local restrictions may apply to manufacture, use, transport, and disposal of isopropyl nitrate, ensure compliance with all country, state, and city requirements, consult chemical safety authorities for the latest legal status and compliance documentation
