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Product Name: Isobutyl Nitrite
Synonyms: 2-Methylpropyl nitrite
CAS Number: 542-56-3
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemicals, solvents, chemical manufacturing
Supplier: [Company specifics should be inserted based on manufacturer]
Contact Details: Emergency phone number, address, email, and after-hours contact for workplace use
Product Description: Clear to pale yellow volatile liquid with a sweet, fruity odor
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 2), Acute toxicity – inhalation and dermal (Category 3), Skin and Eye irritant
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Causes skin and eye irritation. Harmful if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. May cause methemoglobinemia, which limits oxygen delivery to body tissues. Can cause dizziness, nausea, headache, rapid pulse, and sudden drop in blood pressure. Prolonged exposure or high doses can result in collapse.
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and hot surfaces. Avoid breathing vapors, mist, or spray. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves, eye protection, and face protection.
Chemical Name: Isobutyl Nitrite
Common Name: Isobutyl Nitrite
CAS Number: 542-56-3
Percentage: ≥99% by weight
Impurities: Trace organic impurities possible depending on production process, consult supplier COA for specifics
General Guidance: Remove victim from exposure and seek medical attention as soon as possible.
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air. Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Monitor breathing and provide artificial respiration if needed. Seek prompt medical care, as symptoms may be delayed.
Skin Contact: Immediately remove all contaminated clothing. Wash affected skin thoroughly with soap and water. Medical attention is necessary if symptoms occur.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally. Contact a physician right away.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Provide water for dilution if victim is conscious, but medical attention is essential due to risk of methemoglobinemia.
Important Symptoms and Effects: Cyanosis, headache, fainting, rapid heartbeat, confusion, or shortness of breath.
Advice for Immediate Medical Attention: Immediate medical help is needed for respiratory distress or excessive exposure symptoms. Oxygen and antidotes like methylene blue may be required in severe cases.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid direct water jet to minimize risk of spreading fire.
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide on combustion. Vapors form explosive mixtures with air.
Protective Equipment and Precautions: Firefighters require self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear. Remove containers from hazard area if safe to do so.
Special Procedures: Cool container with water spray from a safe distance to prevent explosion or rupture by heat exposure.
Fire/Explosion Sensitivity: Vapors may be heavier than air and flow along surfaces to distant sources of ignition.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unprotected personnel. Wear suitable chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, and a face shield. Avoid breathing vapor and skin/eye contact.
Environmental Precautions: Keep material out of sewers, drains, surface and groundwater. Notify authorities if large amounts enter the environment.
Methods for Cleanup: Ventilate the area. Absorb spill with inert material such as sand, earth, or vermiculite. Transfer to a suitable container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Use nonsparking tools and equipment.
Precautions for Safe Handling: Handle in a chemical fume hood or well-ventilated area. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Wash hands thoroughly after use. Ground and bond containers during transfer to avoid static discharge. Keep away from incompatible substances and open flames.
Storage Requirements: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated, and secure location. Keep tightly closed in original container. Separate from oxidizing agents, strong acids, and bases. Protect from sunlight and sources of heat. Do not store near food or drink.
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits, but treat as potentially hazardous with no known safe level. Use caution.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or chemical fume hood is essential. Use explosion-proof equipment.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or butyl rubber), splash goggles, face shield, protective lab coat, and explosion-proof footwear.
Respiratory Protection: Use a NIOSH-approved organic vapor respirator in absence of adequate ventilation or during spill response.
Hygiene Measures: Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during use. Shower and change contaminated clothing after handling.
Appearance: Clear, pale yellow liquid
Odor: Fruity, sweet
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -90 °C
Boiling Point: 68-70 °C
Flash Point: -6 °C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Rapid
Flammability: Highly flammable
Vapor Pressure: 160 mmHg at 20 °C
Vapor Density (air=1): 3.1
Relative Density: 0.874 g/cm³
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, easily soluble in ethanol and ether
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): 2.5
Auto-ignition Temperature: 285 °C
Decomposition Temperature: Not specified
Viscosity: Not determined
Chemical Stability: Stable at low temperatures and in sealed container. Decomposes in contact with strong acids or bases, heat, light, and oxidizing agents.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, direct sunlight, moisture, and work above room temperature.
Materials to Avoid: Acids, alkalis, oxidizers (especially nitric acid), reducing agents, heavy metals.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, possibly toxic oxides of nitrogen.
Hazardous Polymerization: Does not polymerize.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: May cause methemoglobinemia, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drop in blood pressure, fainting, blue skin, and rapid heart rate. High vapor concentrations result in significant respiratory distress.
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure can lead to neurological effects, anemia, and damage to blood vessels.
LD50 (oral, rat): 120 mg/kg
Symptoms: Cyanosis, shortness of breath, fatigue, drowsiness, confusion
Potential for Sensitization: No data on skin sensitization
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA.
Mutagenicity: Not proven or expected at workplace concentrations.
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects. Avoid environmental release.
Mobility: Volatile, will partition to air from soil and water surfaces.
Persistence and Degradability: Not persistent, but breakdown products may remain hazardous, especially in aquatic settings.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate due to partition ratio.
Aquatic Toxicity: Limited data but may cause acute effects in invertebrates and fish. Lower concentrations still present potential risk.
Other Remarks: Rapid evaporation reduces direct water exposure, but vapor deposition can create ground-level hazards.
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of in accordance with federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Incinerate in a chemical incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber.
General Disposal: Do not pour into drains or sewers. Container and residues must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
Contaminated Packaging: Decontaminate containers before recycling or disposal. Follow regulations for hazardous containers.
Special Precautions: Use licensed chemical disposal contractor where available.
UN Number: UN 2059
UN Proper Shipping Name: Isobutyl Nitrite
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: II
Labels: Flammable Liquid, Toxic
Shipping Methods: Keep tightly sealed and packaged under applicable regulations.
Marine Pollutant: Yes, dangerous to aquatic environment.
Special Precautions: Keep away from food items. Notify carriers of hazardous nature. Emergency response guides must travel with shipment.
OSHA: Subject to hazardous chemical notification and safety requirements.
SARA Title III: Some reporting thresholds may apply.
TSCA: Listed chemical.
EPA: Toxic Substances Control Act compliance required.
European Union: Subject to REACH registration, classified under CLP Regulations.
Canadian Regulation: WHMIS Hazard Class B2 (flammable liquid); D1B (toxic material).
Other International Regulation: Transport, workplace, and environmental laws may demand special labeling, reporting, or handling, check local and national guidelines before use.
Restrictions: Use is strictly regulated in some jurisdictions due to potential for recreational abuse and health risks. Review all federal, state, and institutional requirements before procurement or use.
