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Chemical Name: Isoamyl Nitrile
Synonyms: 3-Methylbutyl nitrile, Isopentyl cyanide
CAS Number: 110-59-8
Molecular Formula: C5H9N
Supplier/Manufacturer: List details of your supplier or manufacturer for traceability.
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemicals, solvent, organic synthesis intermediate
Emergency Contact: Refer to local regulations or manufacturer’s emergency line
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation) – Category 3
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled; causes skin and eye irritation; may cause respiratory irritation
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors or mists; use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area; wear protective gloves, eye protection, and face protection; wash exposed skin thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke while using;
Other Hazards: May release toxic gases upon decomposition; substance has distinctive unpleasant odor and can cause headaches or nausea even at low exposure levels
Chemical: Isoamyl Nitrile
Concentration: 99% or higher
CAS Number: 110-59-8
Impurities: Minor organic impurities possible, always ask supplier for COA
EC Number: 203-787-6
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air immediately; keep at rest in position comfortable for breathing; seek medical help if symptoms such as headache, dizziness, or respiratory distress occur
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and shoes right away; rinse skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes; medical attention if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Flush gently with water for several minutes, holding eyelids open; remove any contact lenses; get medical attention as soon as possible
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; no attempt to induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel; seek immediate medical attention for any swallowing
Advice for Doctors: Treat symptoms, observe for cyanosis and provide oxygen as required
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water mist
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Water jet can spread fire
Hazards from Combustion: Toxic cyanide gases, nitrogen oxides, and other carbon oxides released
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Procedures: Contain run-off with sand or earth, avoid release to sewers or waterways due to cyanide risk
Personal Protection: Evacuate area; ventilate space; use chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, lab coat, and suitable respiratory protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent substance from entering drains, soil, surface or groundwater
Cleanup Methods: Absorb spill with inert material such as sand, then transfer to chemical waste container for disposal; wash spill area with water and detergent to remove residues;
Notification: Report major spills according to local, regional, or national legislation
Handling: Handle only in chemical fume hood or well-ventilated space; keep away from heat, sparks, flames, and incompatible materials; avoid breathing vapors; avoid skin and eye contact
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location; store away from oxidizers, acids, strong bases, and ignition sources
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, strong bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents
Packing Materials: Use containers that resist organic solvents; glass or certain plastics work best
Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH limits for Isoamyl Nitrile as of latest data; minimize exposure by all practical means
Engineering Controls: Chemical fume hood, local exhaust ventilation
Personal Protective Equipment: Nitrile gloves, safety goggles or face shield, chemical-resistant apron, suitable respiratory protection (organic vapor cartridge or air supply mask)
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after handling, change contaminated clothing promptly; do not eat or drink near work area
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Penetrating, unpleasant odor
Boiling Point: About 136°C
Melting Point: Around -96°C
Flash Point: 34°C (closed cup)
Solubility: Low water solubility; miscible with many organic solvents
Density: 0.78–0.81 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: 9 mmHg at 20°C
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not widely documented, handle as flammable
Viscosity: Not highly viscous; flows like oil at room temperature
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures when containerized and stored properly
Reactive Conditions: Strong heat, sparks or open flames may cause exothermic reactions
Hazardous Reactions: May react violently with strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, or reducing agents
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide
Polymerization: No known hazardous polymerization risk
Acute Toxicity: LD50 oral (rat): ~82 mg/kg; LD50 dermal (rabbit): ~140 mg/kg; vapor and ingestion are main routes of toxicity
Symptoms of Exposure: Headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath; high doses can cause cyanosis, convulsions, potentially fatal respiratory failure
Skin/Eye Irritation: Causes irritation; possibility of dermatitis on prolonged skin contact
Repeated Exposure: Chronic effects not well studied, but repeated low-level exposure can lead to nervous system complaints
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogen by major agencies (IARC, NTP, OSHA)
Mutagenicity/Reproductive Effects: No reliable human or animal studies demonstrated so far; limit exposure as precaution
Environmental Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic life in concentrated form
Persistence and Degradability: Moderate potential for bioaccumulation; slowly hydrolyzed in water
Mobility in Soil: Likely mobile, risk of groundwater contamination
Other Adverse Effects: Breakdown can release cyanide ions, which possess acute toxicity to aquatic species; discharge into environment should be avoided
Waste Treatment Methods: Store waste in labeled chemical waste container; consult licensed hazardous waste disposal contractor
Disposal of Containers: Triple-rinse then puncture and discard per local hazardous waste regulations
Environmental Caution: Do not pour down drain, onto ground, or into watercourses; always follow local, regional, or national environmental rules for cyanide-containing substances; incineration with proper gas scrubbing is preferred method
UN Number: UN 3313
Proper Shipping Name: Isoamyl Nitrile
Transportation Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substance)
Packing Group: II
Marine Pollutant: Not listed as marine pollutant, but prevent release to waters
Special Precautions: Mark package with poison and flammable liquid labels; only trained personnel with PPE should handle shipping process; comply with DOT, IMDG, IATA rules
OSHA Status: Regulated as hazardous chemical
TSCA Inventory: Listed
SARA Title III: Section 313: Not listed, but managed as an acute toxin
EPA: Covered under CERCLA if spilled in significant quantities; reportable quantity may apply
EU Regulations: Classified as hazardous under CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Local/State Regulation: Requirements may differ by jurisdiction; always consult specific country or state chemical safety authorities for unique requirements
