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Product Name: Hydrogen Bromide Acetic Acid Solution Common Names: Hydrobromic Acid in Acetic Acid, HBr-Acetic Solution Synonyms: HBr/HOAc Solution Recommended Use: Chemical synthesis, laboratory reagent Manufacturer: Chemical synthesis providers, industrial suppliers Emergency Telephone Number: Provided by supplier packaging Contact Information: Listed on chemical container label or sheet CAS Numbers: Hydrogen Bromide: 10035-10-6, Acetic Acid: 64-19-7 Formula: HBr (aq) in CH3COOH UN Number: 1788 (Hydrogen bromide, anhydrous), 2789 (Acetic Acid Solutions)
GHS Classification: Corrosive to metals, Skin corrosion/irritation (Category 1A), Serious eye damage (Category 1), Acute toxicity, inhalation (Category 3), Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure (respiratory tract irritation) Signal Word: Danger Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, toxic if inhaled, may cause respiratory irritation Pictograms: Corrosion, Skull and Crossbones, Exclamation Mark Precautionary Statements: Do not breathe vapors, wear protective gloves/eye protection/face protection, use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area, wash thoroughly after handling, store locked up, dispose of contents in accordance with regulations Primary Risks: Severe respiratory, eye, and skin irritation, corrosive to metals, risk of pulmonary edema with heavy exposure
Hydrogen Bromide: CAS 10035-10-6, concentration range: 10%–30% by weight Acetic Acid: CAS 64-19-7, concentration range: 70%–90% by weight Impurities: Water (<2%), trace metal ions (variable by source) Mixture Type: Solution Physical State: Liquid Color/Odor: Colorless to pale yellow, pungent, biting odor
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air without delay, keep at rest, monitor for breathing or coughing, seek immediate medical attention, provide oxygen if breathing is difficult Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with running water for at least 15 minutes, seek immediate medical care for burns or pain, do not use neutralizing agents on skin Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for 15–20 minutes, lift upper and lower eyelids to ensure complete removal, call poison control or doctor at once, avoid rubbing eyes Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek emergency medical help right away, risk of severe mucosal burns and systemic toxicity Notes for Doctor: Immediate treatment required, monitor airway, treat symptomatically, avoid activated charcoal
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam Unsuitable Media: Avoid direct streams of water on solution Specific Hazards: May release toxic fumes of HBr, bromine, CO2, and acetic acid vapors under fire conditions, exothermic reactions with many metals Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full chemical protection suit Firefighting Instructions: Evacuate area, prevent runoff from reaching drains, cool containers exposed to fire Explosion Risk: Reacts with strong bases, oxidizers, quantities of certain metals to release flammable hydrogen gas
Personal Precautions: Use respiratory protection, chemical splash goggles, gloves, full protective suit, restrict area access Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, surface or groundwater, notify authorities if large spills occur Cleanup Procedures: Contain and absorb with inert material (vermiculite, dry sand), neutralize with sodium bicarbonate only by trained personnel, collect residue in labeled containers, ventilate area thoroughly Disposal of Cleanup Materials: Place waste in chemical disposal drums, label for hazardous waste, arrange removal by licensed facility Decontamination: Wash surfaces with water and mild detergent after initial removal
Handling: Only use in well-ventilated chemical fume hoods, avoid contact with skin and eyes, do not breathe vapors, wear proper personal protective equipment, use appropriate tools to open/close containers Storage Conditions: Keep tightly sealed in corrosion-resistant containers, store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (alkalis, oxidizers, metals), keep out of reach of children and untrained personnel, protect from moisture Storage Temperature: Preferably below 25°C, avoid direct sunlight and heat sources Special Storage Requirements: Segregate from reactives, install acid-resistant secondary containment, use warning signage on storage Incompatibilities: Strong bases, reducing agents, oxidizers, alkali metals, cyanides, anhydrides, ammonia
Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs): Hydrogen Bromide — OSHA PEL: 3 ppm (Ceiling); Acetic Acid — OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (TWA), ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (TWA), 15 ppm (STEL) Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods, local exhaust ventilation, maintain negative pressure, safety showers and eye wash stations nearby Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Impervious gloves (butyl rubber, neoprene), splash-proof goggles/face shield, lab coat or chemical apron, full-face respirators with acid gas cartridges for potential vapor exposure, chemical-resistant boots Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after handling, avoid eating/drinking in work area, remove contaminated clothing before entering break areas Environmental Controls: Prevent emissions to air and water, install scrubbers/filters on exhaust
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid Odor: Acrid, pungent, vinegar-like mixed with sharp bromine scent pH: Less than 2 Melting/Freezing Point: Below 0°C depending on concentration Boiling Point: 100–120°C (approximate, varies with mixture ratio) Flash Point: 39°C (Acetic Acid component, closed cup) Evaporation Rate: Moderate to fast Flammability: Acetic acid component is flammable; overall solution flammable at higher acetic content Vapor Pressure: Elevated at temperatures above room temperature Vapor Density: Heavier than air Solubility: Miscible with water Partition Coefficient: Not established for mixture Decomposition Temperature: Decomposes at elevated temperatures to produce toxic fumes Viscosity: Thin liquid, low viscosity Miscellaneous Physical Characteristics: Highly corrosive to metals, attacks many plastics
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended conditions of handling and storage Hazardous Reactions: Violent reactions with strong bases and oxidizers, generates heat and corrosive vapors with water addition Incompatible Materials: Alkalis, strong oxidizing agents, some metals (e.g., sodium, potassium, magnesium), cyanides, reducing agents Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sunlight, incompatible materials, moisture ingress Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide gas, bromine, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acetic acid vapors Polymerization: Will not occur
Hydrogen Bromide Toxicity: LC50 (rat, inhalation): 285 ppm/1h; corrosive to respiratory tract, causes delayed pulmonary edema, nose/throat/eye irritation Acetic Acid Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 3,310 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit): 1,100 mg/kg; corrosive to skin and mucous membranes Acute Effects: Burns to mucous membranes, severe skin/eye corrosivity, inhalation toxicosis Chronic Effects: May cause chronic bronchitis, dental erosion, dermatitis from repeated exposure Sensitization: Not classified as sensitizer, but can aggravate pre-existing respiratory or skin conditions Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, OSHA Mutagenicity/Reproductive Effects: No data indicating mutagenicity or reproductive toxicity for mixture Symptoms of Overexposure: Coughing, choking, shortness of breath, burns, pain
Hydrogen Bromide Environmental Impact: Strong acidification potential in aquatic environments, rapid decrease in pH, risk of acute aquatic toxicity, highly soluble; bromide ions may persist Acetic Acid Environmental Impact: Readily biodegradable; high chemical oxygen demand (COD), can deplete oxygen if large quantities enter waterways Toxic to Aquatic Life: Solution causes rapid mortality to fish and aquatic organisms at high concentrations due to corrosive and acidifying effects Bioaccumulation: Acetic acid and hydrogen bromide have low bioconcentration potential Soil Mobility: Both components are highly mobile in water, may leach through soil, risk of groundwater contamination from bulk spills Regulations: Local releases may trigger reporting under RCRA, CERCLA, Clean Water Act Wastewater Treatment: Acid neutralization, careful dilution, or off-site chemical treatment before disposal
Waste Treatment Methods: Neutralize carefully with sodium carbonate or lime under controlled conditions, treat solutions before disposal to sewers or drains Regulatory Considerations: Solution considered hazardous waste under EPA RCRA (D002 - Corrosive), follow all local, state, and federal disposal rules Packaging Disposal: Triple rinse empty containers, puncture, send for hazardous waste recycling where available Incineration: Only by authorized waste management facilities Prohibited Disposal Methods: Do not dispose of with regular trash, do not pour into surface water, avoid evaporation in open air Precautions for Clean-up: Wear protective equipment, label and securely store waste until collection
UN Number: 1788 (Hydrogen bromide, anhydrous); 2789 (Acetic acid solutions, with more than 10% and less than 80% acid) Proper Shipping Name: Hydrogen Bromide Acetic Acid Solution Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive), 6.1 (Toxic, as appropriate) Packing Group: II or III, depending on concentration International Transport: IMDG, IATA regulations apply, marine pollutant at sufficient volumes Labels Required: Corrosive, Toxic, Environmental Hazard as indicated Special Precautions: Keep upright, protect from physical damage, use acid-resistant containers, provide ventilation Emergency Response Guide: Consult ERG Guide 157 or equivalent for HBr/acids
OSHA Status: Listed hazardous chemical, subject to reporting and communication standards TSCA: Components are included on US TSCA inventory SARA Title III: Hydrogen bromide - SARA 302/304 (extremely hazardous), SARA 313 (reportable); acetic acid - not extremely hazardous CERCLA: Reportable Quantity (RQ): Hydrogen bromide (5000 lb), Acetic Acid (5000 lb) WHMIS Classification (Canada): E – Corrosive Material, D1A – Immediate Toxic Effects REACH (EU): Substances registered, subject to restrictions for workplace exposure EPA RCRA Code: D002 (Corrosive) California Proposition 65: Not listed Other Regulations: Local, state, and global rules regarding controlled transport, handling, and disposal apply; always check current chemical control and notification laws before use or shipment
