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Chemical Name: Hexadecanoyl Chloride
Synonyms: Palmitoyl chloride, n-Hexadecanoyl chloride
CAS Number: 112-67-4
Molecular Formula: C16H31ClO
Molecular Weight: 274.87 g/mol
Product Use: Laboratory chemical, intermediate in organic synthesis, not intended for food, drug, or household use
Manufacturer: Manufacturer details provided on chemical label and purchase documents
Emergency Phone Number: As listed on the product container
Classification: Corrosive to skin and eyes, harmful if inhaled, hazardous to aquatic environments
GHS Label Elements: Danger signal word, corrosive pictograms
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
Precautionary Statements: Avoid inhalation, prevent contact with skin and eyes, wear protective gear, keep container tightly closed, avoid release to the environment
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory tract
Symptoms of Exposure: Redness, pain, blistering, lung irritation, headache, cough
Chemical Identity: Hexadecanoyl Chloride
CAS Number: 112-67-4
Concentration: 98-100%
Impurities/Additives: Trace amounts of related fatty acid chlorides, residual solvents under 2% depending on the batch
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, support breathing, seek medical attention if symptoms persist, use oxygen if breathing is affected
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with large volumes of water for at least 15 minutes, seek urgent medical help for burns
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with lukewarm running water for at least 15 minutes, lift eyelids to ensure complete washing, continue flushing during transport to doctor
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, never induce vomiting, seek immediate medical attention, do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person
Notes for Physicians: Treat burns and corrosive damage as per standard protocols, monitor for respiratory effects
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, foam, avoid water contact with substance (can react violently)
Special Hazards: Releases hydrogen chloride gas and carbon monoxide if combusted, container rupture possible at high temperatures
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full protective clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus
Advice: Cool containers with water mist from a safe distance, control runoff to prevent environmental impact, avoid inhaling smoke or fumes
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, impermeable clothing, and respiratory protection
Containment: Prevent entry into sewers, waterways, and confined spaces, contain spilled material with inert absorbent (sand, earth, vermiculite)
Cleanup Methods: Collect residue in labeled containers for disposal, neutralize leftover droplets with dilute sodium bicarbonate, properly decontaminate surfaces
Environmental Precautions: Notify authorities in case of large spill, minimize spread to soil and water systems
Handling: Do all work in well-ventilated chemical fume hoods, minimize dust, vapors, or aerosol production, handle away from moisture, acids, and bases
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face after handling, do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas, remove contaminated clothing promptly
Storage: Store in original tightly sealed container in cool, dry, well-ventilated locked cabinets, segregate from water, alcohol, strong bases, and oxidizers, protect from humidity and direct sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, oxidizing agents, water, alcohols, amines, aqueous solutions
Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits established, control exposure as for irritant and corrosive substances
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, eye wash stations and safety showers required near operations
Personal Protective Equipment: Splash-resistant goggles, face shield, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), lab coat, chemical apron, respiratory protection for insufficient ventilation
Monitoring: Regular checks for leaks or accumulation, periodic inspection of fume hoods and PPE
Physical State: Oily liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Sharp, acrid, irritant odor
Melting Point: 32–34 °C
Boiling Point: 174–176 °C at 23 mmHg
Flash Point: > 110 °C (closed cup)
Density: About 0.93 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Vapor Pressure: 0.03 mmHg at 20 °C
Solubility: Reacts violently with water and alcohols, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, dichloromethane, benzene)
pH: Not applicable (hydrolyzes in water)
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): Estimated >6 (very hydrophobic)
Chemical Stability: Stable under dry, normal conditions, reacts strongly with water and protic solvents
Hazardous Reactions: Vigorous reaction with water to release HCl fumes, reacts exothermically with bases and alcohols
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, contact with moisture, strong oxidants, direct sunlight
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Polymerization: Does not polymerize
Acute Toxicity: Inhalation, ingestion, or skin exposure causes strong irritation or burns, data is limited, but LC50 (rat) inhalation estimated at low mg/L level
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe burns, blistering, delayed healing
Eye Damage/Irritation: Exposure results in rapid corneal damage, possible permanent loss of vision
Respiratory Sensitization: Not classified as sensitizer, but repeated exposure damages mucous membranes
Germ Cell Mutagenicity: No data available
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Reproductive Toxicity: No direct evidence available
Specific Target Organ Toxicity: Repeated exposure damages the respiratory tract, skin, eyes
Additional Info: Hydrolysis releases hydrochloric acid, compounding corrosive effects; prompt attention is critical to limit injury
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms even in low concentrations due to rapid hydrolysis and release of toxic chloride byproducts
Persistence and Degradability: Hydrolyzes in water to palmitic acid and HCl, causing pollution
Bioaccumulation Potential: High (log Kow indicates strong potential), but actual risk mitigated by rapid hydrolysis
Mobility in Soil: Adsorbs to solids, quickly reacts with moisture leading to contamination nearby
Other Adverse Effects: Toxic breakdown products threaten water and soil quality, especially if large spills reach the environment
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of as hazardous waste according to local, regional, and national regulations in a licensed facility
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers must undergo triple rinsing (preferably with inert solvents), then follow approved disposal route for chemical residues
Precautions: Never discharge into drains, watercourses, or open soil, consult environmental authority for bulk waste handling
Neutralization: Small residues neutralized with dilute alkaline solutions under controlled conditions, appropriate PPE required
UN Number: 3265
Shipping Name: Corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (contains Hexadecanoyl chloride)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substance)
Packing Group: II
Transport Labels: Corrosive
Environmental Hazards: Yes, marine pollutant
Special Precautions for User: Must comply with ADR/RID/IMDG/IATA requirements, keep packaging secure and upright, immediate spill response plan in place
OSHA Status: Classified corrosive according to US OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA Inventory: Listed
SARA Title III: Not specifically listed in SARA 302/304/313 categories
Europe (REACH): Registration required, meets criteria for substances of concern due to corrosivity and aquatic toxicity
Canadian WHMIS: Classified as corrosive under WHMIS guidelines
Labeling Requirements: GHS-compliant labeling, detailed hazard and precaution statements, emergency contact information mandated by workplace regulations
Other Standards: Complies with global and regional transport, workplace safety, and environmental release rules, consult local authorities for additional requirements
