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Chemical Name: Glufosinate-Ammonium
Synonyms: DL-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid, ammonium salt; phosphinothricin ammonium
Product Use: Herbicide for agricultural and horticultural use
Company Identification: Major agrochemical suppliers and manufacturers
Emergency Telephone: National or regional poison centers and manufacturer emergency hotlines
CAS Number: 77182-82-2
UN Number: 3077 (for transport of hazardous goods)
Recommended Restrictions: Avoid use in residential or non-commercial settings
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation); Eye damage/irritation; Skin irritation
Hazard Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark, environment
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin, or if inhaled; Causes serious eye damage; May cause respiratory irritation; Very toxic to aquatic life
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective equipment; Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use; Avoid breathing dust/spray; Wash thoroughly after handling; Prevent release to the environment
Routes of Exposure: Skin contact, ingestion, inhalation
Component: Glufosinate-Ammonium
Concentration: 95–99% (technical grade)
Impurities: Minor process impurities, water, inert carrier substances in formulated products
Other Ingredients: Surfactants, stabilizers, preservatives as per commercial product formulations
Molecular Formula: C5H15N2O4P
Molecular Weight: 198.16 g/mol
General Advice: Seek immediate medical assistance for all exposures.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Keep airways clear. Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of clean water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth but do not induce vomiting. Offer water to drink only if person is conscious.
Most Important Symptoms/Effects: Nausea, vomiting, headaches, dermal or ocular irritation, difficulty breathing in severe cases
Advice for Doctors: Treat symptomatically; monitor for respiratory and neurological symptoms; no specific antidote
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Media: High-pressure water jets
Specific Hazards: Product may give off toxic and irritating smoke (nitrogen oxides, phosphorus oxides, ammonia) during combustion
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical-protective clothing for firefighters
Special Procedures: Evacuate area; keep containers cool with water spray; prevent runoff from entering waterways
Personal Precautions: Wear respiratory protection, chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and protective clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering water sources, sewers, and soil
Containment: Stop leak or spill at source
Cleanup: Cover spilled material with inert absorbents (sand, earth), scoop up, and place in secure containers for disposal
Decontamination: Wash spill area thoroughly with water and detergent, collect wash water for disposal
Handling: Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated areas; avoid direct contact with skin and eyes; keep away from food and drink
Storage Conditions: Store in original, tightly closed, labeled containers; keep out of direct sunlight; store in cool, dry, secure areas inaccessible to children, animals, and unauthorized personnel
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents
Hygiene practices: Wash hands and exposed skin after handling; remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse
Container Requirements: Use only containers approved for hazardous chemicals
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, fume hoods, or enclosed processes to minimize airborne concentrations
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), long-sleeve protective clothing, rubber boots, eye protection with side shields
Respiratory Protection: Use approved respirators if exposure exceeds recommended limits or during spill response
Occupational Exposure Limits: Not established for glufosinate-ammonium; use lowest feasible occupational exposure based on related agricultural chemicals
Environmental Controls: Prevent release to water bodies through proper handling and waste containment
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless or faintly ammoniacal
Odor Threshold: Not determined
pH: 5–7 (1% solution)
Melting Point: 210–220°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Solubility in Water: Highly soluble
Flash Point: Not flammable
Vapor Pressure: Very low (<1 x 10-7 Pa at 20°C)
Relative Density: 1.6 g/cm³
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): –3.2
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not self-igniting
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: Weak reactivity under normal use
Hazardous Reactions: May react with strong acids or bases with the release of toxic gases
Conditions to Avoid: Direct heat or sunlight; humidity; incompatible chemicals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, ammonia, phosphorous oxides
Polymerization: Will not occur
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 300–500 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rat): >2000 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50 (rat): 0.8 mg/l (4 h, mist)
Irritation: Moderate skin and severe eye irritant
Sensitization: Not sensitizing to skin in animal studies
Chronic Effects: Data suggest possible nervous system effects at high doses; no confirmed carcinogenicity
Other Effects: May cause tremors, respiratory distress, seizures at high exposures
Target Organs: Central nervous system, liver, kidneys
Mutagenicity/Reproductive Toxicity: Not mutagenic or teratogenic based on animal data; Caution recommended
Specific Symptoms: Convulsions, muscle weakness, altered behavior (if exposed to large quantities)
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates and plants; algae EC50 ranges from 5 to 50 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Low-to-moderate persistence in soil and water; half-life may vary from days to weeks depending on conditions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low (based on log Kow)
Mobility in Soil: Moderate to high due to water solubility; can leach into groundwater
Other Adverse Effects: Phytotoxic to non-target plants; can contaminate surface waters after rainfall or irrigation
Disposal Methods: Dispose by authorized chemical incineration or in accordance with local, national, and regional regulations
Empty Containers: Triple-rinse and puncture before recycling or disposal
Contaminated Packaging: Handle as hazardous waste; do not reuse containers
Waste Codes: Consult hazardous waste lists under regional/national legislation
Precautions: Avoid contamination of water sources; do not dump in natural environments
UN Number: 3077
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (glufosinate-ammonium)
Transport Hazard Class: 9 (Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles)
Packing Group: III
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions for Transport: Do not transport with foodstuffs; secure containers during shipment; label clearly as a hazardous material
Key Regulations: Compliant with national pesticide registration legislation; Globally Harmonized System (GHS) aligned labeling; covered by U.S. EPA (FIFRA), EU REACH/CLP; not listed under major global hazardous chemical bans
Worker Protection: Required safety training, restricted entry intervals for application
Other Requirements: Recordkeeping of sales/use, strict distribution controls
Exposure Registration: Users must review and follow local guidelines for safe application
