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Product Name: Furosemide
Chemical Name: 4-Chloro-N-furfuryl-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid
Synonyms: Lasix, Frusemide
CAS Number: 54-31-9
Recommended Use: Pharmaceutical diuretic used for treatment of edema associated with heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disorders
Supplier: Pharmaceutical manufacturers and chemical distributors supply to hospitals, clinics, and research labs
Emergency Contact Info: Poison Control Center or local emergency services
Classification: Not classified as hazardous under GHS for handling in solid form, but may cause irritation if inhaled, ingested, or if in contact with eyes and skin
Hazard Statements: May cause respiratory and skin irritation, risk of serious damage to eyes, may cause allergic skin reaction; toxic to aquatic organisms
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, environment (for environmental effect)
Signal Word: Warning
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, wear protective gloves and clothing, use eye and face protection, wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid release to environment, dispose contents/container in accordance with regulations
Chemical Name: Furosemide
Synonyms: 4-Chloro-N-furfuryl-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid, Lasix, Frusemide
CAS Number: 54-31-9
Concentration: 100% in pure solid preparations; may vary in formulated tablets or solutions
Impurities: No major hazardous impurities identified beyond pharmaceutical standards
Additives (if in tablet): May include lactose, starch, povidone, magnesium stearate, sodium, not considered hazardous in typical concentrations
Inhalation: Take person to fresh air, support breathing, seek medical attention for persistent symptoms like cough or difficulty breathing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash affected area with plenty of soap and water, seek advice if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing, seek immediate medical examination for persistent redness, pain or vision changes
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel, drink water if conscious, seek urgent evaluation, especially if large amounts ingested or symptoms appear (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, dehydration)
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, CO₂, foam, or dry chemical as appropriate; avoid high-pressure water jets to prevent dust dispersal
Specific Hazards: May produce toxic fumes such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide and dioxide during combustion
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear, avoid inhaling combustion products
Additional Advice: Move containers from fire area if safe, prevent runoff to water sources, cool unaffected containers exposed to fire with water spray
Personal Precautions: Use personal protective equipment such as gloves, laboratory coat, eye and face protection to avoid exposure; prevent dust formation and inhalation
Environmental Precautions: Avoid discharge into drains, surface water, and soil, contain spill with earth, sand or absorbent material, report substantial releases to local authorities
Cleanup Methods: Carefully collect spilled product into containers, avoid raising dust, ventilate area well, clean with damp cloth or mop, dispose according to local regulations
Handling: Avoid direct contact with eyes, skin, and clothing, minimize dust generation, wear suitable PPE, wash hands thoroughly before eating or drinking, handle in well-ventilated area, keep containers tightly closed when not in use
Storage: Store in tightly sealed container, away from light, moisture, heat, and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers, acids, and bases; maintain storage area at controlled room temperature, clearly label all containers, restrict access to authorized personnel
Engineering Controls: Provide local exhaust ventilation, use enclosed systems for handling dry powder
Personal Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, lab coat, protective safety goggles, use approved respirator if dust generated
Exposure Limits: No established Occupational Exposure Limit for Furosemide, follow general pharmaceutical chemical handling limits (as low as reasonably achievable)
Hygiene Measures: Prohibit eating, drinking, or smoking in work area, wash hands and exposed skin before breaks or leaving lab; regularly inspect PPE for damage
Appearance: White to slightly yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Odor Threshold: Not applicable
pH: 8.5 – 9.6 (in water suspension at 20°C)
Melting Point: 205°C to 211°C with decomposition
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Flash Point: Not determined
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Flammability: Not flammable under normal conditions
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Density: Approximately 1.7 g/cm³
Water Solubility: Poor (<0.3 mg/mL at 25°C); soluble in dilute alkali
Partition Coefficient (Log Pow): About 2.03
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: Above melting point, giving toxic vapors
Viscosity: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under recommended storage conditions, sensitive to direct sunlight, moisture, and high temperatures
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Does not polymerize
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to light, excessive heat, and humidity may degrade the substance
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, strong bases, powerful oxidizing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Emits nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride, and carbon oxides upon decomposition
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): about 460 mg/kg; substance can cause nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance if ingested in therapeutic or higher doses
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: May trigger irritation, especially in sensitive persons
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Eye exposure can cause moderate to severe irritation
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization: Some risk of sensitization, especially with chronic or occupational exposure
Germ Cell Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity: Animal testing shows inconclusive or no evidence of mutagenic or carcinogenic effects; listed as not classifiable by major regulatory agencies
Reproductive Toxicity: Caution advised for pregnant or breastfeeding women, as diuretics can affect fetal or newborn fluid balance
Specific Target Organ Toxicity: Especially impacts kidney, electrolyte balance, and hearing with high or prolonged use
Additional Effects: High doses can reduce potassium and sodium levels, alter blood pressure, cause hearing issues, and may pose greater risk to those with heart or kidney disease
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects, may disrupt aquatic flora and fauna even at low concentrations; measured LC50 (96h, fish): 68 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Data indicate compound is slowly biodegradable, may persist in surface water and soil
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate due to partition coefficient, considered low risk for significant accumulation in the food chain
Mobility in Soil: Limited mobility expected, but may reach water bodies if not handled properly
Other Adverse Effects: Chronic exposure could alter water chemistry, potential endocrine disruption in aquatic species based on some studies
Waste Treatment Methods: Collect as hazardous pharmaceutical waste, incinerate in approved facilities with emission controls
Disposal of Containers: Rinse empty containers with water, puncture to avoid reuse, dispose of as chemical waste per local, state, and national regulations
Precautions: Prevent environmental release, do not flush large amounts into sewage system, consult authorities for full disposal protocol
Special Considerations: Include unused drug, contaminated PPE, and spill clean-up material in hazardous waste disposal stream
UN Number: Not regulated for ground, air, or sea transport under UN, IATA, IMDG codes
Proper Shipping Name: Not classified as dangerous for transport
Transport Hazard Classes: Not applicable
Packing Group: Not applicable
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as hazardous, but avoid large-scale release
Special Precautions for User: Secure containers to prevent leaks, segregate from incompatible substances, maintain documentation in case of regulatory questions
Labeling: Required for workplace safety under OSHA, WHMIS, or other local statutes
Chemical Safety Assessment: Completed by manufacturer, guidance available through technical bulletins
Inventory Status: Listed on U.S. TSCA, Canadian DSL, EU EINECS/ELINCS, and other chemical inventories for reference
Specific Legislation: Controlled as prescription pharmaceutical, subject to standards in US FDA, EU EMA, Health Canada, and other national pharmacopeias
Worker Protection: Regulated by OSHA (US), COSHH (UK), and similar authorities for occupational health, requiring training and medical surveillance in manufacturing and compounding environments
