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Product Name: Ethyl Sulfuric Acid
Chemical Formula: C2H5HSO4
Synonyms: Sulfuroxyacetic acid ethyl ester, Ethyl hydrogen sulfate
CAS Number: 540-84-1
Recommended Use: Research, industrial chemical synthesis
Manufacturer/Supplier: Check label for supplier details
Emergency Contact: Refer to local poison control center and regional emergency response number
GHS Classification: Corrosive to skin (Category 1A), Eye Damage (Category 1), Acute Toxicity Oral (Category 4)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage; Harmful if swallowed; May cause respiratory irritation
Pictograms: Corrosive, Exclamation Mark
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, and face protection; Avoid breathing mist, vapor, or spray; Wash exposed areas thoroughly after handling
Chemical Name: Ethyl Sulfuric Acid
Concentration: >95%
EC Number: 208-750-8
Impurities: May contain trace acidic or sulfate contaminants below 5% total
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop. Support breathing with oxygen if necessary.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Flush affected skin immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical help as soon as possible.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids to ensure full irrigation. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Seek emergency medical attention.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water. Give water to dilute, if victim is conscious. Immediate medical care is crucial.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jet (can spread the acid)
Specific Hazards: Contact with metals can produce flammable hydrogen gas; Toxic sulfur oxides may form during combustion
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should put on self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing
Additional Information: Cool fire-exposed containers with water spray to prevent rupture from heat
Personal Precautions: Avoid personal contact and inhalation of vapors. Use proper PPE—gloves, eye protection, suitable chemical-resistant clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, soil, or waterways. Notify relevant authorities right after significant release
Clean-up Methods: Ventilate affected area. Neutralize small spills with dilute sodium bicarbonate. Use inert absorbents for larger spills. Sweep up and place in a suitable closed, labeled container for disposal
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Keep containers tightly closed. Do not breathe dust, vapor, or mist. Use only non-sparking tools.
Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from incompatible substances such as bases, strong oxidizers, and metals. Keep container tightly sealed. Store in containers made from suitable, acid-resistant materials.
Engineering Controls: Provide adequate local exhaust ventilation at points of emission. Emergency showers and eyewash stations required in work area.
Personal Protection: Chemical splash goggles, full face shield, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, PVC, or neoprene), lab coat or apron. In situations where vapor exceeds recommended limits, use an approved respirator.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH limits; follow local recommended standards for acids and acid vapors.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse.
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, acidic
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -32°C
Boiling Point/Range: Decomposes above 180°C
pH: <1 (strongly acidic)
Solubility: Fully soluble in water, reacts exothermically
Density: 1.3 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Viscosity: Slightly more viscous than water
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions. May decompose when heated.
Conditions to Avoid: High temperatures, direct sunlight, exposure to moisture
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, reducing agents, organic materials, metals, water (with concentrated product), oxidizing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides (SOx), ethylene, hydrogen gas (on contact with metals)
Acute Toxicity: Oral exposure produces irritation and corrosive injury; LD50 (oral, rat): estimated 700 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe burns, ulceration
Eye Damage/Irritation: Severe burns, potential for blindness
Respiratory Sensitization: Inhalation can cause severe irritation, pulmonary edema
Chronic Effects: Repeated skin exposure can result in dermatitis; chronic inhalation may lead to bronchial inflammation
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity/Reproductive Toxicity: Not classified; no robust data for long-term health effects
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; strongly acidifies water, impacting aquatic life
Persistence and Degradability: Hydrolyzes rapidly in water; sulfate ion integrates into natural cycles
Bioaccumulative Potential: Does not bioaccumulate significantly
Mobility in Soil: High mobility; leaches readily, acidifies soils
Other Adverse Effects: Large releases threaten ecosystem function through acidification
Disposal Methods: Treat with dilute base and large amounts of water before disposal. Handle as hazardous waste. Incineration may be suitable for small amounts. Do not allow to enter natural water systems.
Container Disposal: Triple rinse, render container unusable, dispose through approved waste disposal contractor. Follow local, regional, and national regulations.
Precautions: Wear proper PPE during disposal processes
UN Number: 1831
UN Proper Shipping Name: Ethyl Hydrogen Sulfate Solution
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive Substance)
Packing Group: II
Label: Corrosive
Marine Pollutant: Yes, regulations may differ by location
Special Precautions: Transport in upright, sealed containers. Emergency response guidance available from shipping documentation.
OSHA: Regulated as corrosive, hazardous chemical
TSCA: Listed on US Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
REACH (EU): Requires registration and risk assessment; subject to regulation for hazardous substances
SARA Title III: Section 313 reporting required for releases above thresholds
Other State and Federal Regulations: Often regulated under hazardous waste and right-to-know laws. Check with relevant jurisdiction for compliance details.
