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Product Name: Ethanol, Anhydrous
Synonyms: Absolute Ethanol, Ethyl Alcohol, Grain Alcohol
CAS Number: 64-17-5
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, industrial solvent, fuel
Manufacturer Information: Manufacturer address, emergency contact, and phone number required for traceability and compliance
UN Number: UN1170
EC Number: 200-578-6
Formula: C2H5OH
Classification: Flammable Liquids (Category 2), Eye Irritation (Category 2A), Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single Exposure (Category 3, narcotic effects)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor, causes serious eye irritation, may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames; avoid breathing vapors; use protective gear; wash hands thoroughly; store in well-ventilated place
Emergency Overview: Colorless, volatile liquid with a strong odor, easily ignites, can affect central nervous system
Chemical: Ethanol
Concentration: ≥99.5%
Impurities: May contain trace water (≤0.5%), denaturants if specified, but anhydrous type typically contains no additives
Other Identifiers: EINECS: 200-578-6; Index Number: 603-002-00-5
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, keep comfortable for breathing, consult medical professional if symptoms such as dizziness, headache, nausea occur
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin thoroughly with water and soap, watch for persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse with water gently for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses if present, seek medical assistance if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical attention, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person
Most Important Symptoms: Central nervous system depression, eye and respiratory tract irritation, headache, drowsiness
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide (CO₂), water spray
Specific Hazards: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air, fire can produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective clothing
Advice for Firefighters: Remove containers from fire area if possible and safe, cool exposed containers with water spray, contain run-off
Explosion Data: Vapors may travel considerable distance to ignition source and flash back
Personal Precautions: Eliminate all sources of ignition, evacuate personnel to safe area, use adequate ventilation, wear appropriate personal protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, watercourses, and soil
Clean-up Methods: Contain and collect spillage with non-combustible absorbent materials, such as sand or earth, place in suitable container for disposal, ventilate the area thoroughly
Reference to Other Sections: Refer to exposure controls and disposal considerations for further guidance
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas, ground all equipment, keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames, avoid inhaling vapors and contact with eyes or skin, do not eat, drink or smoke during use
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated environment, keep away from incompatible materials like oxidizers, acids, alkali metals, and halogens, store out of direct sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, peroxides, acetyl chloride, alkali metals
Exposure Limit Values: ACGIH TLV-TWA: 1000 ppm, OSHA PEL: 1000 ppm (1900 mg/m3)
Engineering Controls: Mechanical ventilation, local exhaust, explode-proof equipment recommended
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, butyl or nitrile rubber gloves, lab coat, flame-resistant clothing as needed
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved respirator if concentrations exceed exposure limits or ventilation insufficient
General Hygiene: Wash hands before breaks, at end of shift, avoid working alone in confined spaces with large quantities
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Characteristic, alcohol-like
Odor Threshold: 100 ppm
pH: Neutral
Boiling Point: 78.37°C (173.1°F)
Melting Point: -114.1°C (-173.5°F)
Flash Point: 12°C (54°F, closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: 2.3 (butyl acetate = 1)
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: 3.3% - 19% (v)
Vapor Pressure: 44 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 1.59 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 0.789 g/cm3 at 20°C
Solubility: Miscible with water and most solvents
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Log Kow = -0.31
Auto-ignition Temperature: 363°C (685°F)
Decomposition Temperature: Not available
Viscosity: 1.2 mPa·s at 20°C
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Chemical Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizers, acids, alkali metals, acetyl chloride, calcium hypochlorite
Polymerization: Will not occur
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon oxides (CO and CO2), possible acetaldehyde
Conditions to Avoid: Ignition sources, excessive heat, incompatible chemicals, poor ventilation
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, eye and skin contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral (rat) LD50: 7060 mg/kg; Inhalation (rat) LC50: 20000 ppm/10hr
Symptoms: Eye irritation, respiratory tract irritation, central nervous system effects (euphoria, dizziness, headache, stupor, loss of coordination), large ingestion may cause nausea, vomiting, unconsciousness
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may cause liver and kidney damage, reproductive and developmental risks for women of childbearing age
Carcinogenicity: IARC Group 1 (ethanol in alcoholic beverages is carcinogenic to humans), not for industrial pure ethanol by inhalation or skin exposure
Mutagenicity: Data suggest possible genetic effects after chronic exposure
Other Information: No data on sensitization, aspiration hazard exists if swallowed and enters airways
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life in high concentrations, fish (LC50, 96h): 14200 mg/L, daphnia (EC50, 48h): 12340 mg/L, algae (EC50, 96h): 1000 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable in environmental conditions, rapid dissolution and breakdown
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low (Bioconcentration factor <10)
Mobility in Soil: Very high, substantial volatilization from soil and water surface
Other Adverse Effects: Causes localized lowering of water pH, risk of microbial inhibition in wastewater treatment at high concentrations
Methods of Disposal: Consult national and local regulations, incinerate in approved facility using proper emission controls, absorption onto suitable material and then disposal at licensed facility preferable for spills
Contaminated Packaging: Containers should be punctured and triple-rinsed before recycling or disposal, follow specific regulations for hazardous waste packaging
Precautions: Do not pour down drains or sewage systems, prevent leaching into soil or water bodies, transfer residues to properly labeled containers for hazardous waste professionals
UN Number: UN1170
Proper Shipping Name: Ethanol or Ethyl Alcohol
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II
Label: Flammable liquid symbol
Marine Pollutant: No
Special Precautions for User: Avoid transporting with incompatible materials, keep containers upright and secured, ensure clear hazard labeling at all times
OSHA Classification: Hazardous chemical under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
SARA Title III: Listed under Sections 311/312 for fire hazard, acute health hazard
TSCA: Listed
REACH: Registered substance in the EU
WHMIS (Canada): B2 (flammable liquid), D2B (toxic materials)
Other Regulations: Subject to varying state, provincial, and country regulations for chemical handling, storage, and waste
Labeling: Must display hazard and precautionary statements per GHS/CLP alignment, container labeling must remain consistent throughout handling
