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Product Name: Dl-Epinephrine (Racemic Epinephrine)
Chemical Name: 4-[1-Hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]-1,2-benzenediol
Synonyms: Racemic Epinephrine, Racepinephrine, Adrenaline
CAS No.: 329-63-5
Recommended Uses: Bronchodilator, treatment of asthma attacks, croup
Supplier Details: Manufacturer or distributor address and emergency contact number are provided on label
Emergency Contact: 24-hour poison control center or company emergency hotline
Restrictions on Use: Therapeutic use should be determined by a healthcare professional; not for personal use without prescription
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation); Skin/Irritation hazard; Eye irritation
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: May cause fatal or life-threatening allergic reactions, rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, nervous system discomfort, skin and eye irritation
Pictograms: Corrosive, Health Hazard, Exclamation Mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid contact with skin and eyes, Do not inhale dusts/fumes, Use only in well ventilated areas, Wash exposed skin thoroughly
Other Hazards: Accidental injection or ingestion can cause cardiovascular or central nervous system stimulation
Chemical Name: Dl-Epinephrine (Racemic Epinephrine)
Common Name: Racemic Epinephrine
Concentration: 100% (in pure form) or as labeled on preparation
CAS Number: 329-63-5
Impurities and Stabilizers: Manufacturers may add sodium bisulfite as an antioxidant preservative to slow degradation
Additives (if present): Water, sodium chloride, other stabilizers based on dosage form
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep calm, seek medical attention if breathing difficulties or allergic symptoms develop
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin thoroughly with soap and water, medical evaluation if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes carefully with water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses if present, consult eye specialist if irritation develops
Ingestion: Call local poison center or medical professional, do not induce vomiting unless directed; monitor for rapid heartbeat or neurological changes
Symptoms: Palpitations, shortness of breath, headache, elevated blood pressure, sweating, nervousness, skin redness
Advice for Physicians: Treat symptomatically, monitor cardiovascular function, provide oxygen support if indicated
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, water spray, foam
Unsuitable Media: Direct jet streams of water may spread material
Specific Hazards: May produce toxic fumes (carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides) when burned; containers may rupture in heat
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing
Advice: Isolate hazard area; remove containers from fire if safe; prevent run-off from entering drains
Personal Precautions: Avoid skin and eye contact; ventilate area; use personal protective equipment (gloves, goggles, mask)
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spill from reaching waterways, soil, and drains
Cleanup Methods: Absorb with inert material (vermiculite, sand); place in labeled containers for disposal; wash area with detergent and water
Special Instructions: Dispose contaminated cleaning materials as hazardous waste
Safe Handling: Avoid spills and aerosol formation; practice good hygiene by washing hands after use; avoid inhalation, ingestion, and contact
Storage Conditions: Store tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated room away from light and incompatible substances (oxidizers, bases, strong acids)
Temperature Requirements: Keep at 2-8°C for injectable preparations unless otherwise directed
Incompatibilities: Avoid storing with silver, iron, copper, alkali, oxidizing agents
Packaging Materials: Use amber glass or plastic containers with secure lids
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits for epinephrine
Ventilation: Use local exhaust or general room ventilation
Personal Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, laboratory coat
Respiratory Protection: Wear mask or NIOSH-approved respirator if process generates aerosols or dust
Hygiene Measures: Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area; wash hands after use; remove contaminated clothes promptly
Appearance: White to slightly off-white crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Odor Threshold: Not applicable
pH: 2.5-4 in water
Melting Point: 211-215°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not measurable (decomposes)
Flash Point: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Flammability: Not classified as flammable
Vapor Pressure: Not available
Solubility: Soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol
Partition Coefficient (log Pow): -1.37
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: >210°C
Viscosity: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions; degrades rapidly when exposed to light, air, or alkaline conditions
Reactivity: Reacts with oxidizers, bases, and some metals
Hazardous Reactions: May react with strong acids or bases, oxidizing agents, forming hazardous products
Decomposition Products: CO₂, CO, nitrogen oxides, irritant fumes
Conditions to Avoid: Light, elevated temperature, air, alkaline pH
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin/eye contact
Acute Effects: Rapid heart rate, increased blood pressure, anxiety, sweating, headache, tremor
Chronic Effects: Possible aggravation of cardiovascular disorders, CNS disturbances
LD50 (Oral, Rat): 10 mg/kg
LD50 (IV, Mouse): 1.5 mg/kg
Carcinogenicity: Not classified by IARC or NTP
Mutagenicity: No mutagenic potential in standard bacterial assays
Reproductive Toxicity: No reported harmful effects on reproduction at therapeutic levels
Irritation: Potential for skin and eye irritation upon direct contact
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms at significant concentrations, risk of oxygen depletion in waterways if large amounts released
Persistence and Degradability: Readily degradable, but breakdown products may have unknown effects
Bioaccumulation Potential: Unlikely, low octanol-water partition coefficient
Mobility in Soil: High mobility, leaching probable in waterlogged soils
Other: Prevent discharge into the environment and never dispose in surface water, sewer, or soil without treatment
Disposal Methods: Dispose of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations; do not discharge into sewer or environment
Unused Product: Return to pharmaceutical take-back programs where available
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse and dispose as hazardous chemical waste
Special Precautions: Do not attempt to neutralize waste without appropriate controls; incineration in authorized facility recommended
UN Number: 2811 (Toxic solid, organic, n.o.s. [contains Epinephrine])
UN Proper Shipping Name: Toxic solid, organic, n.o.s. (Epinephrine)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Avoid release into environment
Special Precautions for Transport: Secure packaging, avoid temperature fluctuations, handle as hazardous cargo
Regulations: Comply with DOT, IATA, IMDG rules
US TSCA: Listed
EU EINECS/ELINCS: Listed
REACH Registration: Not required for pharmaceutical active substances
OSHA Hazards: Classified hazardous
WHMIS (Canada): Toxic material, D1A, D2B
Labeling Requirements: Product hazard symbol, precautionary and hazard statements, signal word, emergency contact
Other Regulations: Usage governed by medical and pharmaceutical guidelines (FDA, EMA)
