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Chemical Name: Diphenylchloroarsine
CAS Number: 712-48-1
Common Synonyms: Clark 1, Phenylarsine chloride
General Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder, faint unpleasant odor
Chemical Formula: C12H10AsCl
Acute Health Hazards: Severe respiratory tract and skin irritant, causes eye burns, triggers vomiting, headache, and intense sneezing
Long-Term Risks: Chronic exposure links to damage in blood, liver, and nervous system
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Symbols: Toxic, Corrosive
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, corrosion
Main Component: Diphenylchloroarsine, at or above 98% purity
Other Ingredients: Trace organic or inorganic impurities, not typically identified in commercial preparations
Categories: Organometallic arsenic compound
Inhalation: Move affected person into fresh air, loosen tight clothing, provide oxygen if available, seek immediate medical attention
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with plenty of running water for at least 20 minutes, do not delay medical care
Eye Contact: Flush eyes for several minutes with clean running water, lifting eyelids often, and get to an eye specialist swiftly
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth unless unconscious, and call for emergency medical help right away
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam
Specific Hazards: Releases highly toxic fumes of arsenic and phosgene under fire conditions
Firefighter Protection: Wear full turnout gear and self-contained breathing apparatus, keep upwind of fire
Special Notes: Do not allow runoff from firefighting to enter drains or water courses
Spill Response: Evacuate the area, ventilate well, and avoid dust formation
Personal Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, full-body suit, and approved respirator
Containment: Scoop up solid without raising dust, place in secure, labeled waste containers
Environmental Precaution: Prevent entry of spilled material into soil, drains, or waterways
Handling: Handle inside chemical fume hoods, avoid inhalation and direct contact
Storage: Keep tightly sealed in corrosion-resistant containers, store in cool, dry, well-ventilated spaces, segregated from incompatible chemicals such as strong oxidizers
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after use, remove contaminated clothing before breaks or leaving the lab
Engineering Controls: Use comprehensive local exhaust ventilation, fume hoods or glove boxes for all manipulations
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, long-sleeve protective clothing; powered air-purifying respirator in high-risk scenarios
Workplace Monitoring: Routine air monitoring for arsenic levels can reduce long-term risk and improve worker safety
Recommended Exposure Limits: OSHA and ACGIH list stringent limits for arsenic compounds, often in the low microgram per cubic meter range
Appearance: Crystalline solid, color may fade with age
Odor: Sharp, unpleasant odor detectable at low concentrations
Melting Point: Roughly 40–41°C
Boiling Point: 337°C (decomposes)
Solubility: Insoluble in water, dissolves in organic solvents like benzene and chloroform
Stability: Sensitive to moisture, decomposes producing highly toxic and irritating fumes
Molecular Weight: 264.6 g/mol
Chemical Stability: Unstable in moist air; hydrolyzes slowly, especially at elevated temperatures
Hazardous Reactions: Reacts violently with strong oxidizers and bases, liberating hazardous gases
Decomposition Products: Arsenic oxides, phosgene, hydrochloric acid fumes
Incompatible Materials: Avoid contact with oxidizing agents, alkalis, and sources of humidity
Acute Toxicity: Known as a powerful lung irritant; exposure causes chest tightness, cough, blurred vision, and damage to mucous membranes
Chronic Toxicity: Long-term exposure ties to arsenic bioaccumulation in organs, with increased cancer risk
Routes Of Exposure: Breathing dusts, skin absorption, or swallowing small particles
Carcinogenicity: Arsenic and its organic compounds rank as established human carcinogens according to IARC and many regulatory agencies
Environmental Fate: Persistently hazardous to soil and water; arsenic compounds spread rapidly and resist natural breakdown
Bioaccumulation: Potential to bioaccumulate in organisms, especially in aquatic life
Ecotoxicity: Toxicity to fish, birds, and beneficial soil organisms complicates remedial efforts
Persistence: Breaks down slowly in most natural environments, contaminating groundwater and food chains
Waste Handling: Collect all residues in tightly sealed hazardous waste containers for offsite disposal
Disposal Methods: Incineration not recommended unless performed at certified facilities scraping off arsenic residues
Regulatory Status: Subject to rigorous state and federal disposal regulations including hazardous material manifests
Reuse: No current safe or legal recycling options for this substance in most jurisdictions
Shipping Classification: Recognized as highly toxic by all major regulatory bodies
Hazard Labels: Must carry toxic and environmental hazard labels
Packaging: Use of corrosion-resistant containers with secure secondary containment
Transport Precautions: Shipping under governmental permit, only by licensed carriers
Legal Restrictions: Strictly controlled due to its use as a chemical weapon and high toxicity
Workplace Restrictions: Required reporting and handling protocols under OSHA, EPA, and international agreements
Environmental Release: Immediate notification required for any accidental release above threshold limits
International Controls: Covered by treaties including the Chemical Weapons Convention, limiting production and transfer
