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Product Name: Diborane
Chemical Formula: B2H6
Synonyms: Boron hydride, Boron hydrogen
CAS Number: 19287-45-7
Recommended Use: Used in electronics manufacturing, chemical synthesis, rocket propellant research, doping of semiconductors
Manufacturer Contact: Emergency phone numbers available through national chemical safety networks and local regulatory bodies
Classification: Extremely flammable gas, toxic by inhalation, corrosive to tissue and mucous membranes
Hazard Statements: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated, highly toxic, may cause drowsiness, may cause burns
Signal Word: Danger
Pictograms: Flammable gas, Toxic, Corrosive (GHS02, GHS06, GHS05)
Route of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye exposure
Potential Health Effects: Severe respiratory distress, eye and skin irritation, central nervous system effects, pulmonary edema, headache, dizziness, death from high concentrations
Chemical Name: Diborane
Concentration: Composed of greater than 98% B2H6
Impurities: Trace boron trihydride, other boron hydrides as by-products may occur under certain manufacturing or storage conditions
Molecular Weight: 27.67 g/mol
Inhalation: Move individual to fresh air immediately, remove contaminated clothing, supply supplemental oxygen if breathing is difficult, begin artificial respiration if breathing has stopped, avoid mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; seek immediate medical attention
Skin contact: Wash with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, remove all contaminated clothes and shoes, seek medical help without delay
Eye contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes keeping eyelids open, obtain prompt medical evaluation as corneal injury or severe burns may occur
Ingestion: Ingestion is unlikely with a gas; if exposure suspected, seek immediate medical advice
Symptoms Delayed: Lung injury, pulmonary edema may be delayed; observation is critical for at least 24 hours
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder or carbon dioxide; water may be ineffective and can increase the risk of explosion
Specific Hazards: Releases flammable and explosive gas; reacts violently with oxidizing agents, forms toxic gases such as boron oxides in fire
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective clothing
Explosion Data: Gas/air mixtures sensitive to static discharge and sparks; risk of flashback present
Fire-Fighting Procedures: Evacuate area, allow gas to burn under controlled conditions if safe, do not use water jets on leaking gas
Personal Precautions: Evacuate personnel from affected area immediately, ventilate zone, control all ignition sources, wear full face respiratory protection and chemical-resistant clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent gas from entering drains, water courses or soil
Containment and Cleanup: Stop leak if safe to do so, disperse gas with water sprays in open air to dilute, use explosion-proof equipment
Notification: Report major releases to emergency services and local governmental environmental agencies
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated fume hood or gas cabinet designed for toxic, flammable gases; keep away from sparks, flames, and heat; ensure all handling systems are grounded and tight
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed cylinders specifically designed for high-pressure gases; maintain cool, dry place separated from oxidizers; keep cylinder upright and secured at all times
Other Precautions: Inspect containers regularly for leaks, ensure trained personnel are present during transfer
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 0.1 ppm; NIOSH REL: 0.1 ppm; ACGIH TLV: 0.1 ppm (as short-term exposure)
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, explosion-proof electrical fixtures, continuous atmosphere monitoring
Personal Protection Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, flame-retardant clothing, full facepiece positive-pressure respirators or supplied air
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face after handling, change contaminated clothing immediately, avoid eating or drinking near work area
Appearance: Colorless gas
Odor: Pungent, repulsive
Odor Threshold: Detectable at very low concentrations due to irritating smell
Boiling Point: -92.5°C
Melting Point: -164°C
Vapor Pressure: Extremely high at room temperature
Solubility in Water: Slight
Density: 0.45 g/L at 0°C
Autoignition Temperature: 38°C
Flash Point: Not applicable (gas)
Flammable Limits in Air (% by volume): Lower: 0.8%, Upper: 88%
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions, sensitive to light and heat
Reactivity: Can react violently with oxidizers, acids, halogens; reacts with air to form explosive mixtures
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Boron oxides and hydrogen gas
Polymerization: Not known to occur
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flame, sparks, incompatible materials
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, water in presence of other chemicals, chlorine, fluorine
Acute Toxicity: LC50 (rat, inhalation): 44 ppm/4 hr; highly toxic by inhalation
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure can cause lung damage, kidney damage, nervous system disorders
Symptoms: Irritation of eyes, skin, mucous membranes, coughing, shortness of breath, nausea, pulmonary edema
Route of Exposure: Primarily inhalation, possible skin and eye absorption
Target Organs: Lungs, kidneys, central nervous system
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, ACGIH, OSHA
Mutagenicity: No significant data from in vivo or in vitro studies in standard test systems
Reproductive Toxicity: No reliable data, but similar boron compounds have shown adverse reproductive effects
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Mobility: Released as a gas, disperses quickly into atmosphere, small risk of soil or water contamination
Persistence and Degradability: Expected to decompose rapidly in air and sunlight
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low likelihood for bioaccumulation due to volatility
Other Environmental Hazards: Formation of boron oxides may affect local soil or water chemistry if released in large amounts
Waste Handling: Neutralize residue using controlled hydrolysis under fume extraction, only by trained specialists
Disposal Containers: Return empty cylinders to supplier or approved recycler
Regulatory Requirements: Must comply with hazardous waste laws for toxic, flammable materials; coordinate with licensed waste disposal companies
DO NOT: Release to atmosphere in uncontrolled conditions; do not incinerate containers
UN Number: UN 1911
Proper Shipping Name: Diborane, compressed
Transport Hazard Class: 2.3 (Toxic Gas), subsidiary risk 2.1 (Flammable Gas)
Packing Group: Not applicable for gases, handle as per toxic and flammable compressed gas requirements
Label Requirements: Toxic gas, flammable gas
Special Transport Precautions: Use dedicated, ventilated vehicles, emergency respiratory equipment for all handlers, avoid movement through populated areas when practical
Additional Info: Transportation must follow national and international regulations including DOT, ADR/RID, IATA, IMDG
TSCA Status: Listed on US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
OSHA Hazard Communication: Meets criteria as a hazardous chemical
SARA Title III Section 302: Extremely hazardous substance; threshold planning quantity 500 lb
SARA Title III Sections 311/312: Immediate (acute) health hazard, fire hazard, sudden release of pressure
SARA Title III Section 313: Subject to reporting
WHMIS Classification (Canada): A (Compressed Gas), B1 (Flammable Gas), D1A (Very Toxic Material), D2A (Other Toxic Effects)
EINECS/ELINCS (EU): Listed 242-029-6
Other National Requirements: Comply with relevant federal, state, and local environmental protection and workplace safety rules in all jurisdictions
