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Product Name: Decalin
Chemical Name: Decahydronaphthalene
Synonyms: Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane, Decahydro-1,2-benzene
CAS Number: 91-17-8
Recommended Use: Laboratory solvent, chemical intermediate
Supplier Information: Manufacturer address, emergency contact number, and date of issue are always found on the original supplier’s label.
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid, Acute toxicity (oral, inhalation), Skin irritation, Eye irritation, Environmental hazard
Label Elements: Signal word: Danger; Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark, health hazard
Hazards: Liquid and vapors catch fire; exposure by inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact can cause drowsiness, respiratory irritation, and headaches; causes eye, nose, throat, and skin irritation; may harm aquatic life.
Chemical Name: Decalin
Formula: C10H18
Concentration: 99% or greater
Impurities: Low levels of naphthalene derivatives may be present depending on production process.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air and keep comfortable; monitor for breathing difficulty; get immediate medical help if symptoms like headaches or weakness persist.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; rinse skin thoroughly with soap and plenty of water; medical advice if skin irritation continues.
Eye Contact: Rinse carefully with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contact lenses; seek medical care if irritation lasts.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth; get medical attention right away, especially if discomfort or drowsiness develops.
Suitable Extinguishing Methods: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide extinguishers; do not use water streams, as they may spread fire.
Special Hazards: Vapors can form an explosive mixture with air; containers exposed to fire may rupture and spread the chemical.
Protection for Firefighters: Firefighters wear self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective clothing to prevent exposure to toxic fumes or skin contact.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel; use appropriate personal protective equipment to avoid inhalation or direct contact.
Spill Clean-Up: Contain spill with inert material such as sand or earth; ventilate area; collect liquid in a suitable container; clean surfaces with detergent and water; do not allow into drains or waterways.
Environmental Precautions: Avoid discharge to soil or aquatic systems.
Handling: Work in well-ventilated spaces; keep away from open flames, heat, sparks, and sources of static discharge; avoid breathing vapors or mists.
Storage: Store in tightly sealed, properly labeled containers away from sunlight, strong oxidizers, and other incompatible materials; select a cool, dry, well-ventilated location; do not store near food or pharmaceuticals.
Occupational Exposure Limits: Check local regulations for specific limits as they may vary.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation and, if available, process enclosures.
Personal Protective Equipment: Wear chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), safety goggles, and flame-resistant lab coats; use respirators when ventilation is inadequate; keep emergency eyewash and showers nearby.
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Mild aromatic
Density: About 0.896 g/cm3 at 20°C
Melting Point: -43°C
Boiling Point: 187°C
Flash Point: 55°C (closed cup)
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in most organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: 1.3 mm Hg at 25°C
Autoignition Temperature: Around 255°C
Chemical Stability: Stable if kept cool and dry; reacts with strong oxidizers resulting in fire or explosion risk.
Hazardous Reactions: May release toxic fumes like carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide if burned or decomposed; sensitive to strong acids and bases.
Decomposition Products: Carbon oxides, other hydrocarbons.
Acute Effects: Can cause respiratory irritation, narcosis, nausea if inhaled; prolonged exposure leads to dizziness and central nervous system depression; skin contact leads to dryness, cracking, or dermatitis.
Chronic Effects: May damage liver and kidneys, as studies show organ effects with long-term exposure in lab animals.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, dermal absorption are all possible; contact with eyes can stir up significant irritation.
Symptoms: Include headache, nausea, drowsiness, and skin redness; may worsen with repeated contact.
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms at low concentrations; may cause long-lasting adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Persistence and Degradability: Not rapidly biodegradable.
Bioaccumulation: Potential to build up in aquatic organisms.
Mobility: Tends to remain in soil if spilled; not likely to move rapidly through water systems.
Waste Disposal: Chemical waste must go to a licensed facility following regional, national, and local rules; avoid disposing into drains, sewers, or natural waterways.
Container Disposal: Containers need proper cleaning before recycling or disposal; puncture and dispose in approved landfill or incineration facility.
Shipping Name: Decalin
UN Number: UN 1147
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: III
Special Precautions: Transport in upright containers, keep away from ignition sources, and follow all hazardous material regulations for road, rail, sea, or air transit.
OSHA Status: Listed as hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard.
TSCA Inventory: Listed.
Other Regulations: Decalin falls under rules and restrictions for handling hazardous solvents, including SARA Title III, California Proposition 65, and European REACH regulations, so users need to check for updates to these regulatory requirements as standards continue to evolve for workplace and environmental protections.
