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Chemical Name: Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
Common Synonyms: CFC-114, Freon 114
CAS Number: 76-14-2
Appearance: Colorless, odorless gas or liquid under pressure
Uses: Historically found in refrigeration, as a propellant, and industrial cleaning
GHS Classification: Not flammable, not explosive
Physical Hazards: Gas under pressure bursts containers if heated
Health Hazards: High concentrations displace oxygen, risk of asphyxiation. Overexposure can irritate the respiratory tract or act as a central nervous system depressant. Liquid contact causes frostbite.
Environmental Hazards: Long atmospheric life, global warming potential, destroys ozone layer
Active Ingredient: 1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (100%)
Impurities: Commercial samples often contain trace moisture or other halocarbons, not usually significant for most risks
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, keep at rest, monitor breathing, give oxygen if needed. Medical attention if symptoms develop.
Skin Contact: Wash with tepid water in case of frostbite. Do not rub. Seek medical attention for persistent injury.
Eye Contact: Rinse carefully with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses safely. Seek eye care if pain or impairment continues.
Ingestion: Not a typical risk, as gas is unlikely to be ingested in quantity. Treat for cold burns if liquefied material is swallowed. Consult poison control for any unusual symptoms.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder
Hazards from Combustion: Decomposes in fires, releasing hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, phosgene
Special Fire Procedures: Evacuate area; use full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus. Containers may rupture explosively from heat—cool with water spray away from the leak.
Personal Fire Risks: Do not enter confined fire zones without protection. CFC-related breakdown products pose inhalation dangers.
Personal Protection: Evacuate unprotected personnel from leak area. Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, positive-pressure respirator for significant releases.
Ventilation: Increase airflow. Prevent the buildup of heavier-than-air vapors.
Containment: Stop the leak if it can be done safely. If outside, allow gas to disperse naturally.
Cleanup: Avoid contact with liquid. Remove sources of ignition even though material is not flammable—it limits secondary hazard risks from containers.
Handling: Work in well-ventilated places. Prevent direct contact and inhalation. Use only with properly rated equipment. No smoking, open flames, or welding near storage.
Storage: Store in cool, dry locations away from direct sunlight, in tightly sealed containers constructed for pressurized gases. Do not exceed pressure ratings. Keep away from oxidizers and reactive metals.
Avoid: Prolonged skin contact, eye contact, and releasing large amounts into the environment
Occupational Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV for CFC-114 sits at 1,000 ppm as a time-weighted average.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation. Regularly monitor atmospheric concentrations, especially in enclosed spaces.
Personal Protective Equipment: Approved respirators for leaks or high-vapor environments. Chemical-resistant gloves, splash goggles, long sleeves, insulated gloves if handling liquid. Emergency eyewash stations and showers nearby.
Physical State: Gas at normal temperature and pressure, liquefied by compression
Boiling Point: About 3.6°C
Melting Point: -93.3°C
Vapor Pressure: High under ambient conditions
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Odor: No significant odor
Density: Denser than air; can accumulate in low-lying areas
Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling. Avoid heating, strong alkalis, alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Decomposition: Exposure to flame or hot surfaces triggers release of toxic, corrosive fumes (hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, phosgene).
Reaction Risks: Violent reaction with freshly cut alkali metals; attacks magnesium and its alloys with evolution of gas
Polymerization: No known hazardous polymerization
Inhalation Toxicity: Acts as an asphyxiant in high concentrations. At lower exposures, mild narcotic effect or dizziness possible. Prolonged overexposure leads to irregular heartbeat, central nervous system depression.
Skin and Eye Contact: Direct contact with liquid prompts frostbite-like injuries, including numbness, blisters, tissue damage.
Long-Term Exposure: No solid evidence for carcinogenicity or reproductive effects, though persistent abuse or industrial exposure can aggravate existing heart or respiratory conditions.
Acute symptoms: Headache, nausea, drowsiness, confusion at high airborne concentrations, aggravated by enclosed areas.
Chronic symptoms: Not known to cause chronic illness under controlled conditions.
Environmental Impact: Major contributor to ozone layer depletion and global warming—although not as widely used today, legacy emissions linger decades after release.
Aquatic Toxicity: Low acute aquatic toxicity; persistent in the atmosphere, rarely breaks down quickly in water or soil.
Bioaccumulation: Data suggest little direct bioaccumulative risk, but atmospheric persistence marks this chemical as environmentally concerning.
Mobility: Moves rapidly in the environment, especially as a volatile, heavy gas.
Waste Handling: Collection by licensed refrigerant recovery services preferred. Incineration only in facilities with specialized scrubbing for halogenated emissions. Never vent to the atmosphere—global protocols restrict deliberate release.
Container Disposal: Ensure all pressure is relieved, puncture or crush empty cylinders as local law prescribes, then deliver to hazardous waste collection points. Recycle when systems exist.
Legal Restrictions: Disposal subject to national hazardous waste and ozone depletion rules—strict penalties for violations.
UN Number: 1958
Proper Shipping Name: Dichlorotetrafluoroethane or Refrigerant gas R114
Hazard Class: Compressed Gases, Non-Flammable, Non-Toxic
Packing Group: Not assigned
Transport Precaution: Keep cylinders upright, protect valves, do not transport with food or feed. Secure loads to avoid tumbles and leaks.
Ozone Depletion Protocols: Subject to the Montreal Protocol; manufacture and new use prohibited or restricted in most nations.
Workplace Standards: Exposure limits regulated by agencies like OSHA, ACGIH, or local equivalents.
Waste Management: Tracked as hazardous in many countries, especially for controlled substances lists.
Environmental Reporting: Some regions require reporting of use, storage, and accidental emissions due to environmental threat level.
Restrictions: Alternatives recommended by industry and environmental groups—consult current local, national, and international guidelines before any handling or disposal decisions.
