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Product Name: Carbon Monoxide
Chemical Formula: CO
Synonyms: CO gas, Carbonic oxide
CAS Number: 630-08-0
Recommended Use: Used in chemical synthesis, metal fabrication, and as a calibration gas.
Supplier Information: Details available from local gas suppliers.
Emergency Contact: National Poison Control Center or company emergency number.
Physical State: Gas at room temperature
Color: Colorless
Odor: Odorless
Molecular Weight: 28.01 g/mol
Hazard Class: Flammable gas, Acute toxicity (inhalation), Simple asphyxiant
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Pictograms: GHS04 (Gas cylinder), GHS02 (Flame), GHS06 (Skull and crossbones)
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable gas; fatal if inhaled; may displace oxygen, leading to suffocation.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation
Potential Effects: Headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, confusion, loss of consciousness, death.
Target Organs: Blood, cardiovascular system, central nervous system
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC or OSHA.
C hemical Name: Carbon Monoxide
Concentration: 100%
Other Ingredients: None
Impurities: Typical trace levels of nitrogen may be present depending on production, but not at hazardous concentrations.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air; keep them at rest. Administer 100% oxygen by mask if available. Seek immediate medical attention, even if no symptoms are present.
Skin Contact: Unlikely to occur due to gaseous nature. If clothing is contaminated, remove and ventilate.
Eye Contact: Not an expected route of exposure.
Ingestion: Not a likely route due to physical state.
Symptoms: Headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, confusion, collapse, convulsions, death in high concentrations.
Special Notes: Medical attention is critical with suspected poisoning even if feeling well.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or water spray to control fires involving CO but do not extinguish the leaking gas flame unless leak is stopped.
Specific Hazards: Extremely flammable, forms explosive mixtures with air, may ignite at distant sources.
Fire Fighting Instructions: Evacuate area, shut off gas source if safe to do so, use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), water spray to cool cylinders exposed to fire.
Protective Equipment: Full firefighting protective clothing with SCBA.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon dioxide.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate all non-essential personnel. Ventilate area. Eliminate all possible sources of ignition. Secure area, prohibit entry.
Protective Equipment: Use appropriate respiratory protection and gas detection equipment.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent gas from entering confined spaces or sewers; ventilate area thoroughly.
Methods for Clean-Up: Stop the leak if it can be done safely. Disperse gas with forced ventilation. Evacuate area until gas has dispersed.
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated systems. Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame. Use non-sparking tools only.
Storage: Store cylinders upright, secured in a cool, dry, ventilated area away from incompatible materials such as oxidizers. Keep containers tightly closed.
Precautions: Avoid inhaling gas. Prevent build-up of static electricity.
Special Requirements: Cylinders should not be dropped, dragged, or rolled.
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 50 ppm (TWA), ACGIH TLV: 25 ppm (TWA)
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust and general ventilation to minimize exposure concentrations; continuous monitoring for gas leaks recommended.
Respiratory Protection: Use approved air-supplied respirators in situations with high concentrations or risk of oxygen deficiency.
Skin Protection: Not required for normal gas-phase handling. Wear gloves where cold burns from accidental release of liquefied gas may occur.
Eye Protection: Use safety goggles if risk of exposure to pressurized gas release.
Appearance: Colorless gas
Odor: Odorless
Boiling Point: -191.5 °C
Melting Point: -205 °C
Molecular Weight: 28.01 g/mol
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
Flash Point: Flammable gas, no flash point
Vapor Pressure: 34,963 kPa at 21.1°C (calculated)
Vapor Density (air=1): 0.97
Auto-ignition Temperature: 609 °C
Lower Explosive Limit: 12.5% (volume in air)
Upper Explosive Limit: 74% (volume in air)
pH: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flames; contact with strong oxidizers.
Incompatible Materials: Oxidizing agents such as chlorine, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: None under normal conditions.
Polymerization: Will not occur.
Acute Toxicity: Highly toxic by inhalation; can be fatal at high concentrations; 100 ppm may cause symptoms within 2–3 hours, 1,000 ppm may lead to death within minutes.
Chronic Toxicity: Long-term exposure linked to heart and neurological problems, especially for those with underlying health issues.
Carcinogenicity: Not designated as carcinogenic.
Mutagenicity: No significant evidence.
Reproductive Effects: Exposure during pregnancy may increase risk of fetal death or brain damage.
Sensitization: Not known to induce sensitization.
Target Organ Effects: Blood, brain, heart
Environmental Fate: Rapidly disperses in air; not persistent in soil or water.
Aquatic Toxicity: Not likely to contaminate water bodies; low aquatic toxicity due to volatility.
Mobility: Very high; migrates readily through air.
Bioaccumulation: Not expected.
Other Hazards: Can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone.
Waste Disposal Methods: Allow gas to vent to atmosphere in a well-ventilated outdoor area away from sources of ignition and personnel. Comply with all local, state, and federal regulations.
Container Disposal: Return cylinders to supplier for reuse, recycling, or proper disposal.
Precautions: Do not dispose of unused product in confined or enclosed spaces.
UN Number: UN1016
Proper Shipping Name: Carbon Monoxide, compressed
Transport Hazard Class: 2.3 (toxic gases)
Packing Group: Not applicable (gases)
Label Requirements: Toxic Gas, Flammable Gas
Special Precautions: Secure cylinders upright, do not transport in passenger compartments.
Regulatory Agencies: Department of Transportation (DOT), IATA, IMDG
OSHA: Regulated as hazardous; OSHA PEL applies
TSCA: Listed on United States TSCA inventory
SARA Title III: Acute health hazard; subject to reporting under sections 302, 311/312, and 313.
EPA: Listed as an Extremely Hazardous Substance
EU Classification: F+ (Extremely flammable), T (Toxic)
Canada WHMIS: Class A (Compressed Gas), Class B1 (Flammable Gas), Class D1A (Very Toxic Material - Immediate and Serious Effects)
