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Chemical Name: Carbazole
Synonyms: 9H-Carbazole, Dibenzopyrrole
CAS Number: 86-74-8
Recommended Use: Dye intermediate, plastics, pharmaceuticals
Supplier: Major distributors and specialty chemical suppliers, commonly found in facilities handling dye or pigment synthesis
Emergency Contact: National chemical emergency numbers, regional poison control centers
Classification: Harmful if swallowed, skin and eye irritant, suspected of causing cancer (IARC Group 2B)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin irritation, may damage genetic material, toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, health hazard, environment
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, wear protective gloves and eye protection, avoid release into the environment
Substance: Pure
Chemical Formula: C12H9N
Molecular Weight: 167.21 g/mol
Impurities: Trace levels of related aromatic amines possible depending on synthesis
Concentration: >99% Carbazole in most commercial grades
Inhalation: Move individual to fresh air, keep comfortable, contact medical professional if symptoms such as coughing or shortness of breath develop
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical attention for persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with clean water for several minutes, avoid rubbing, consult an eye specialist for continued discomfort
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, give water if alert, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical help
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide for small fires, water spray may be used for larger incidents but avoid direct jets
Specific Hazards: Toxic and irritating fumes may form, including nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective suits to prevent exposure
Special Procedures: Evacuate area, cool containers with water if safe, avoid run-off contamination
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection to prevent contact or inhalation
Environmental Precautions: Contain spill to avoid entry into waterways, drains, or soil
Cleanup Methods: Collect solid material using non-sparking tools, place in secure, labeled container for disposal
Decontamination: Wash area with suitable cleaning agents, ventilate the space thoroughly
Handling: Minimize dust generation, use local exhaust ventilation, avoid contact with skin and eyes, keep away from sources of ignition
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, separate from incompatible materials such as oxidizers and acids
Special Precautions: Label containers clearly, limit access to trained personnel, maintain appropriate spill control supplies nearby
Engineering Controls: Use process enclosures, fume hoods, and local exhaust where dust may form
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, nitrile or neoprene gloves, laboratory coat or chemical-resistant clothing, P2/P3 respirator or NIOSH-approved mask in case of dust
Exposure Limits: No established exposure limits for Carbazole by OSHA or ACGIH, but limit exposure as a precaution
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, do not eat or drink in work area, remove contaminated clothing promptly
Appearance: White to light yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Faint aromatic
Melting Point: 246–250°C
Boiling Point: 355°C
Solubility: Low in water, soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform
Vapor Pressure: Extremely low at ambient temperatures
Density: 1.179 g/cm³
Flash Point: 279°C (open cup)
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions
Other Information: Non-volatile under ambient lab conditions
Chemical Stability: Remains stable at room temperature in sealed containers
Possible Reactions: Can react with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, and other strong acids, yielding hazardous byproducts
Conditions to Avoid: Store away from open flames, strong oxidants, direct sunlight
Decomposition Products: Produces nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide through combustion or strong thermal decomposition
Polymerization: No known hazardous polymerization
Acute Toxicity: Low acute toxicity, but ingestion or inhalation may irritate mucous membranes
Chronic Effects: Animal studies suggest Carbazole could promote tumor growth with repeated exposure
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation of dust, skin absorption, ingestion
Irritation: Causes skin and eye irritation even at low concentrations
Carcinogenicity: Classified by IARC as possibly carcinogenic to humans
Symptoms of Exposure: Sneezing, coughing, sore eyes, redness or rash on skin, possible nausea
Environmental Fate: Not readily biodegradable, persistent in soil and sediment, potential for bioaccumulation
Aquatic Toxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms, even small amounts can disrupt local water ecosystems
Mobility: May migrate to groundwater in a dissolved or particulate state, especially in sandy or loose soils
Persistence: Chemically stable, resists breakdown in most natural waters
Recommendation: Prevent spillage and runoff, never dispose of down drains or natural waterways
Waste Treatment: Collect and send to a licensed chemical waste disposal contractor
Incineration: Incinerate in approved facilities with afterburner and scrubber systems
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly, dispose of containers as hazardous waste unless fully decontaminated
Regulations: Comply with local, state, and federal requirements for hazardous waste management
UN Number: UN3077
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (Carbazole)
Hazard Class: 9 (Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Environmentally Hazardous Substance
Special Provisions: Protect from physical damage, clearly identify hazard during transport, ensure appropriate documentation
International Listings: Listed in TSCA (USA), REACH (EU), AICS (Australia), DSL (Canada)
Usage Restrictions: Certain jurisdictions mandate reporting for quantities over specified thresholds
Workplace Controls: Employers must implement proper training and exposure controls
Other Standards: Subject to regulations for environmental discharge, industrial hygiene, hazardous substance labeling, and record keeping in all major chemical markets
