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Product Name: Bromine Water
Bromine Concentration: Equal to or above 3.5%
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, chemical analysis, oxidizer
Manufacturer and Supplier: Manufacturer address and emergency contact phone numbers on labeling
Synonyms: Aqueous Bromine, Bromine Solution
CAS Number: 7726-95-6 (Bromine)
UN Number: UN1744
Relevant Identified Uses: Used in detection of unsaturated compounds, disinfection, chemical synthesis
Emergency Contact: Poison Control and local emergency number should be directly referenced by users for urgent cases
GHS Classification: Corrosive to skin (Category 1B), Causes serious eye damage (Category 1), Acute Toxicity-Oral (Category 3), Acute Toxicity-Inhalation (Category 2), Aquatic Acute Hazard (Category 1)
Hazard Pictograms: Corrosive, Toxic, Environmental hazard
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe burns to skin and eyes, Toxic if inhaled or swallowed, Very toxic to aquatic life, Contact may result in permanent injury, Vapors may irritate lungs and throat, Possible respiratory distress
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all unnecessary exposure, Keep container tightly closed, Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area, Avoid release to environment, Wear protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection while handling
Chemical Name: Bromine in Water
Active Ingredient: Bromine (Br2) 3.5% or above by weight
Other Components: Deionized water 96.5% or less
Impurities: None intentionally added, product in compliance with stated assay
CAS Number (Bromine): 7726-95-6
CAS Number (Water): 7732-18-5
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air. Give oxygen if breathing is difficult. Do not give mouth-to-mouth if victim inhales vapors; use a mask or rescue breathing apparatus. Get medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing at once. Rinse skin thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes. Wash affected areas with soap and water. Seek prompt medical attention for persistent irritation or burns.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes, holding eyelids open. Remove contact lenses. Immediate medical attention required.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly. Do not induce vomiting. Give water to drink only if person is conscious. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get urgent medical help.
Most Important Symptoms: Severe irritation, chemical burns, coughing, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, gastrointestinal pain, sore throat, visual disturbance
Flammability: Not flammable; does not support combustion directly
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical for adjacent fire
Fire Hazards: Forms corrosive and toxic fumes (hydrogen bromide, bromine vapors) when involved in a fire
Special Protective Equipment: Full protective suit and self-contained breathing apparatus needed for fire response
Advice for Firefighters: Stay upwind, avoid all skin and eye contact, use water spray to cool containers exposed to flames, keep run-off from contaminating water supplies or sewers
Explosion Risk: Product itself is not explosive but contact with metals produces hydrogen, which can form explosive mixtures with air
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, isolate area, ventilate rooms, wear chemical splash goggles, acid-resistant gloves, and protective clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent liquid from entering drains, soil, or water courses; very toxic for aquatic organisms
Methods for Clean Up: Absorb spill with inert materials like sand or vermiculite. Transfer to labeled hazardous waste container. Wash affected surfaces with water while controlling run-off.
Decontamination: Use sodium thiosulfate or sodium sulfite solution to neutralize residual bromine if appropriate
Disposal of Collected Material: Dispose of as hazardous chemical waste following local, state, and federal environmental regulations
Safe Handling Practices: Always work in a chemical fume hood. Avoid breathing vapors. Keep away from skin and eyes. Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area.
Technical Measures: Only open containers in well-ventilated areas. Use non-sparking tools. Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.
Storage Conditions: Store in corrosion-resistant, tightly closed containers. Keep away from heat, strong bases, organic matter, metal powders, and direct sunlight.
Compatible Materials: Glass, certain plastics (Teflon, PTFE), ceramics
Incompatible Materials: Metals, ammonia, organic compounds, reducing agents
Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL): ACGIH TLV-TWA: 0.1 ppm; OSHA PEL: 0.1 ppm (Br2)
Engineering Controls: Chemical fume hood, adequate general ventilation, eyewash stations, emergency showers
Personal Protective Equipment – Eyes: Chemical splash goggles and face shield
Personal Protective Equipment – Skin: Acid-resistant nitrile or neoprene gloves, lab coat, full body apron if risk of splash
Personal Protective Equipment – Respiratory: NIOSH-approved respirator for bromine vapors in absence of ventilation or emergency
Protective Measures: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Wash hands before breaks, after handling, and at end of shift.
Physical State: Reddish-brown aqueous solution
Odor: Characteristic irritating, suffocating smell of bromine
pH: Acidic (typically ≤ 3)
Melting Point / Freezing Point: Near 0°C (solution-dependent)
Boiling Point: Above 100°C (depends on water content)
Vapor Pressure: High at room temperature
Density: Approximately 1.03–1.05 g/cm3
Solubility: Completely soluble in water
Partition Coefficient: Not applicable; no significant hydrocarbon solubility
Evaporation Rate: Rapid under open air conditions
Appearance: Transparent to slightly cloudy reddish-brown liquid
Decomposition Products: Bromine vapor, hydrogen bromide
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions and away from direct sunlight or heat sources
Reactivity: Powerful oxidizer; reacts vigorously with reducing agents, ammonia, amines, organic matter
Conditions to Avoid: Excess heat, light, metal contact, presence of organic material
Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrogen bromide, bromine vapors, possibly elemental bromine clouds
Polymerization: Does not polymerize
Incompatible Materials: Metals (especially aluminum, steel), alkalis, phosphorus, sulfides
Other Hazards: May produce dangerous gases if mixed with acids or incompatible substances
Route of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 2.4 mg/kg (for bromine); inhalation LC50 (rat): 0.1 mg/L/4h
Chronic Toxicity: Repeated exposure may lead to ulceration of the nose and bronchial tubes, skin sensitization, dental erosion
Symptoms: Severe eye and skin burns, respiratory distress, nausea, vomiting, headaches
Carcinogenicity: Not classed as carcinogenic by IARC/OSHA
Germ Cell Mutagenicity: Not classified
Reproductive Toxicity: Not classified
Sensitization: May cause allergic skin and respiratory reaction in sensitized individuals
Aquatic Toxicity: Extremely toxic to aquatic organisms; LC50 (fish, 96hr): 0.07 mg/L (bromine)
Mobility in Soil: Highly mobile and soluble in water, risk of contamination in water tables
Persistence and Degradability: Reacts with organic matter and is neutralized in the environment, but high acute toxicity may lead to fish kills
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely due to rapid reactivity, but free bromine can have detrimental effects on organisms on immediate exposure
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering surface water, groundwater, or soil
Other Adverse Effects: Contributes to ozone depletion in atmosphere in case of large release
Waste Treatment Methods: Dilute large quantities with excess sodium thiosulfate or sodium sulfite, followed by copious water, then discharge according to local regulations
Container Disposal: Triple rinse empty containers and dispose of in accordance with national hazardous waste guidelines
Environmental Precautions for Disposal: Prevent residues from reaching sewer, water bodies, or soil directly
Regulatory Waste Code: Classified as hazardous waste under most local, national, and international regulations; check local classification
Special Disposal Notes: Protect from incompatible substances during storage and transport of waste, use licensed hazardous waste contractor
UN Number: UN1744
Proper Shipping Name: Bromine Solution
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substance), 6.1 (Toxic substance), 9 (Miscellaneous hazardous material)
Packing Group: I (highest hazard)
Label Requirements: Corrosive, Toxic, Marine Pollutant
Special Transport Precautions: Store upright, secure containers, avoid contact with incompatible substances, keep separate from foodstuffs and animal feeds
Marine Pollutant: Yes; requires marine pollutant mark on shipping documents and containers
Other Transport Notes: Notify receiving parties in advance of arrival, keep documentation visible for emergency responders
US OSHA Status: Hazardous chemical; subject to hazard communication standards
TSCA Status: Listed on United States TSCA Inventory
EU REACH Registration: Covered under Annex V exemptions or pre-registered by suppliers
Labeling Requirements: GHS-compliant labeling, hazard, and precautionary statements
SARA Title III Sections 302/304/313: Reportable quantities apply for environmental release
International Inventories: Bromine appears on AICS, DSL, IECSC, ECL, ENCS, PICCS, TSCA
Other Regulations: Local, regional, national, and international laws may apply for workplace safety, storage, and environmental release; ensure compliance in operational procedures and safety training
