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Chemical Name: Bis(4-Chlorobenzoyl) Peroxide
Common Names: 4-Chlorobenzoyl Peroxide, C14H8Cl2O4
Physical Form: Off-white, granular or powder substance with a faint, aromatic odor
Uses: Typically sees use as a polymerization initiator and modifying agent in specialty chemical processes
Concentration Limit: Commonly handled up to 77% content for controlled industrial tasks
Hazard Class: Classified as an organic peroxide and oxidizing agent
Major Hazards: Decomposes with heat, friction, or contact with incompatible materials, posing explosion and severe fire risks
Physical Danger: May ignite spontaneously if exposed to certain stimuli
Health Hazards: Severe eye, skin, and respiratory irritant; repeated contact can lead to sensitization
Environmental Risks: Harm to aquatic organisms if released or improperly discarded
Main Component: Bis(4-Chlorobenzoyl) Peroxide (CAS No. 133-14-2), up to 77% by weight
Stabilizers: May include mineral oil, phthalate esters, or inert powder to reduce reactivity
Impurities: Possible traces of hydrochloric acid or chlorinated aromatic byproducts, depending on production process
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, keep at rest, seek emergency help if breathing becomes difficult
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with water and soap, remove contaminated clothing, avoid reuse of affected garments
Eye Contact: Flush eyes under running water for at least 15 minutes, keep eyelids open, obtain medical attention
Ingestion: Avoid inducing vomiting, rinse mouth, pursue immediate medical support
Symptoms: Burning, redness, itching, coughing, difficulty breathing
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, fog, or large amounts of water if safe; avoid dry chemical or foam due to risk of violent reaction
Special Hazards: Releases toxic gases like hydrogen chloride and chlorinated benzenes under combustion
Flammability: Strong oxidizer; high sensitivity to heat and shock
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus
Additional Advice: Remove containers from fire area if it does not endanger responders
Evacuation: Move non-essential personnel out of impacted area
Containment: Carefully collect spilled material with clean, non-combustible tools; avoid generating dust or using metal shovels
Cleanup: Douse residuals and surfaces with dilute sodium carbonate solution, rinse thoroughly with water
Environmental Protection: Block entry into drains, sewers, and surface waters
Personal Protection: Don chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothes, and safety goggles during cleanup
Handling: Only open containers in well-ventilated areas, ground and bond equipment to avoid static buildup
Precautions: Prevent contamination with strong acids, bases, reducing or combustible agents
Storage: Store in tightly sealed, opaque containers away from sunlight, heat, and sources of ignition
Temperature Limits: Recommended below 30°C to avoid decomposition risks
Separation: Keep well clear of oxidizable and flammable substances
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods, explosion-proof ventilation, and local exhaust in production areas
Eye/Face Protection: Wear chemical splash goggles or face shield
Hand Protection: Gloves made from nitrile or neoprene
Body Protection: Aprons or suits resistant to chemicals, non-static-conducting fabrics for static control
Respiratory Protection: Use certified respirators when engineering controls cannot fully contain airborne dust or vapor
Exposure Limit: No specific occupational exposure limits established, but minimize exposure as a precaution
Appearance: Pale or white powder, faint aromatic odor
Melting/Decomposition Point: Decomposes above 100°C
Solubility: Low solubility in water, higher in organic solvents like chlorinated hydrocarbons
Density: Approximately 1.4 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Instability: Sensitive to heat, friction, and contamination
Chemical Stability: Stable under manufacturer-specified conditions, unstable at elevated temperatures
Reactive Incompatibilities: Prone to dangerous reactions with strong acids, bases, metals, halides, and easily oxidizable or flammable substances
Hazardous Decomposition: Produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, phosgene, hydrogen chloride
Other Dangers: Shock and friction may result in explosive decomposition
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Effects: Irritation to respiratory system, eyes, and skin; coughing, headaches, redness, blistering
Chronic Effects: Prolonged contact raises the chance of dermatitis or sensitization of skin
Animal Data: Limited testing data, though peroxide compounds often show mild to strong toxicity depending on dose and exposure duration
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogenic by NTP, IARC, or OSHA
Mutagenicity and Reproductive Effects: Limited research, so caution is warranted for repeated or large-scale exposure
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Harmful to fish and small aquatic invertebrates, risk increases with accidental runoff
Persistence and Degradability: Breaks down in the presence of sunlight and water but generates chlorinated intermediates with their own environmental effects
Bioaccumulation: Low bioaccumulation in most species, although breakdown products could concentrate in the food web
Method: Neutralize via wet chemical reduction using sodium thiosulfate or carbonate under controlled lab conditions
Restrictions: Never incinerate or dump with household or municipal waste
Precautions: Use approved secure chemical hazardous waste containers; keep residues isolated until final treatment
Other Advice: Always consult local chemical waste disposal rules before proceeding
Classified As: UN 3106 (Organic peroxide, type D, solid), hazardous for all modes of transport
Packaging: Specialized, flame-retardant containers required for bulk movement
Transport Risk: Vibration, heat, and impact can induce self-accelerating decomposition
Markings: Clearly label as “Dangerous When Wet” and “Organic Peroxide” during shipping
Global Classifications: Subject to government chemical safety and hazard communication laws within North America, Europe, and Asia
Label Elements: Hazard pictograms for oxidizer, corrosion, and acute toxicity
Restricted Use: Only approved for industrial sites with documented risk management plans
Worker Rights: OSHA mandates training, signage, and access to safety procedures for all employees exposed to this chemical
Community Right-to-Know: Facilities storing large amounts must notify local emergency agencies and share chemical inventories
