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Product Name: Barium Oxide
Chemical Formula: BaO
CAS Number: 1304-28-5
Synonyms: Barium monoxide, Baric oxide
Recommended Use: Manufacturing ceramics, glass, chemicals, metallurgy, laboratory research
Manufacturer Details: Comprehensive contact info for emergencies and technical inquiries
Emergency Phone Number: National or regional poison control and chemical emergency hotlines
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, inhalation), Serious eye damage, Specific target organ toxicity
Hazard Statements: May be fatal if swallowed or inhaled. Causes severe eye irritation and respiratory tract irritation. Possible damage to organs through prolonged exposure.
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, Health hazard, Exclamation mark
Signal Word: Danger
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or fumes, wash thoroughly after handling, do not eat, drink, or smoke during use, wear protective gear. Immediate medical attention is crucial if exposed.
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation can bring chemical pneumonitis; skin contact may cause burns; ingestion results in respiratory paralysis or even death in high doses. Eye exposure leads to permanent injury.
Chemical: Barium Oxide
Concentration: 98–100% pure BaO
Impurities: Trace barium compounds (chloride, peroxide) below 1% collectively
Other Components: No significant stabilizers, additives, or coatings typically found.
General Advice: Quick response can limit permanent harm. Trained staff should treat all exposures.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; give oxygen if breathing seems difficult; administer artificial respiration if necessary; seek immediate medical help.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin with soap and water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention for any signs of burns or ongoing irritation.
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for 20 minutes, lifting eyelids. Remove contact lenses if present. Urgent medical attention is essential to prevent lasting damage.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water only if victim is conscious; seek hospital care without delay.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry sand or soda ash for small fires; avoid water. In major events, use Class D extinguishers designed for metal fires.
Fire Hazards: Barium oxide does not ignite but generates toxic fumes (barium compounds) at high temperatures. Hot surfaces create risk of skin and respiratory injury.
Protective Equipment: Wear full firefighting gear and self-contained breathing apparatus to prevent inhaling fumes.
Special Instructions: Evacuate non-emergency personnel; control runoff to avoid contamination of water supplies. Do not use carbon dioxide or halogenated agents.
Personal Precautions: Anyone involved must wear respiratory protection, gloves, goggles, and full protective clothing. No unauthorized entry into spill area.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release into drains, sewers, or soil as barium compounds seriously impact aquatic life and water quality.
Clean-up Methods: Collect the material without generating dust, using non-sparking tools; place in sealed, labelled containers for specialist disposal. Ventilate the area until all residues are removed. Wash surfaces thoroughly.
Decontamination: Solids and dust swept up, remainder neutralized with dilute sulfuric acid if small amounts present; confirm area is free of residue before reuse.
Safe Handling: Use in a chemical fume hood to avoid dust formation. Always wear gloves, safety goggles, and a fitted lab coat. Do not eat, drink, or smoke near the work area.
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, away from acids, moisture, combustible materials, and food. Best kept in a dry, well-ventilated area with access limited to trained personnel.
Compatibility: Keep separate from oxidizing and reducing agents, strong acids, and water sources; violent reactions can occur.
Other Precautions: Label shelves and storage areas clearly to prevent mishandling; use sealed containers to block moisture entry.
Occupational Exposure Limit: OSHA PEL-TWA for soluble barium compounds = 0.5 mg/m³; follow stricter standards if applicable locally.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation and fume hoods to control airborne concentrations. Install emergency eyewash stations and showers in the handling area.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile recommended), safety goggles with side shields, impervious clothing. In high-dust conditions or spill response, use P3 or NIOSH-approved respiratory protection.
Hygiene Measures: Always wash hands and face after handling. Never clean contaminated protective equipment in public laundry facilities.
Appearance: White to pale yellow powder or lumps
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 1923°C (3493°F)
Boiling Point: 2000°C (3632°F)
Density: 5.72 g/cm³ at 25°C
Solubility: Reacts with water to form barium hydroxide, releasing heat
pH: Strongly alkaline when dissolved
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at ambient temperature
Other Properties: Decomposes in moist air; non-volatile; high thermal and chemical stability under dry conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable in dry air and inert atmosphere; decomposes in humidity producing barium hydroxide and heat.
Reactivity: Vigorous reaction with water and acids. Generates toxic, corrosive fumes if overheated.
Incompatible Substances: Water, acids, alcohols, strong oxidizing and reducing agents, halogenated compounds.
Hazardous Decomposition: Produces barium hydroxide and other barium compounds; can release hydrogen when exposed to acids.
Certain Conditions to Avoid: Contact with moisture or acids, extreme heat, storage with food or organic materials.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Severe irritation, burns, nausea, abdominal pain, weakness, muscle paralysis, arrhythmia, respiratory distress, sometimes death
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure affects nervous system, kidneys, heart
Carcinogenicity: Barium oxide is not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Other Data: LD50 (oral, rat): 103–208 mg/kg. Ingestion of small amounts can be lethal. Exposure symptoms often delayed.
Aquatic Toxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life; soluble barium causes long-lasting negative effects in freshwater systems
Persistence and Degradability: Barium gradually accumulates in soil and sediment; slow natural breakdown
Bioaccumulation: Barium compounds absorbed by aquatic plants and animals, entering food chains
Mobility: Leaches into groundwater following spills; restrict discharge to prevent ecological stress
Other Environmental Hazards: Potential for significant contamination after accidental release; strict controls required at all handling sites
Waste Handling: Dispose of as hazardous waste under local, state, or federal regulations
Method: Incineration or landfill at authorized facilities; never dump to drains or land
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse, puncture to prevent reuse, label as hazardous, and dispose in qualified waste stream.
Special Precautions: All personnel handling disposal process should use full protective equipment to avoid exposure and prevent contamination.
UN Number: 1564
Proper Shipping Name: Barium Compounds, n.o.s. (Barium oxide)
Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Transport Labels: Toxic, Environmentally Hazardous
Special Precautions: Keep away from food, feed, and water sources; transport in sealed, tightly labelled containers; emergency response instructions required with shipment.
OSHA: Covered under Hazard Communication Standard, subject to strict workplace controls
EPA: Reportable as a hazardous substance (RCRA, CERCLA) due to toxicity; regulated discharge limits in wastewater
TSCA: Listed chemical, subject to use and reporting restrictions
EU REACH: Substance of very high concern (SVHC); importers and users must follow updated safety guidelines
Other Regulations: Compliance with national and international toxic substance, workplace safety, and transport laws; frequent review of changes in global chemical policy recommended
