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Name: Antimony Potassium Tartrate
Common Uses: Historically used as an emetic, in textile mordanting, and sometimes as a component in analytical chemistry for detecting sodium.
Identifiers: CAS number 28300-74-5, chemical formula K2Sb2(C4H2O6)2·3H2O.
Physical Form: Colorless or white crystals, often coming in a powder or crystalline solid.
Longevity: Stable under ordinary ambient and storage conditions, if well-packaged and kept from moisture.
Acute Risks: Toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin. Can trigger severe gastrointestinal distress, including vomiting and diarrhea.
Chronic Effects: Long-term or repeated exposure can damage the liver, kidneys, and heart, with antimony compounds recognized as possible human carcinogens.
Reactive Hazards: Does not ignite easily but decomposes to produce harmful gases including antimony oxides.
Warning: Irritates eyes, respiratory tract, and skin. Spills require serious response to prevent exposure.
Main Ingedient: Antimony potassium tartrate trihydrate
Percentage: Nearly 100 percent, with no commonly present stabilizers or carriers.
Associated Chemicals: Contains antimony and potassium ions, tartaric acid residue.
Impurities: Can sometimes trace heavy metals, but not intentionally added.
Inhalation: Remove from area to open air, monitor breathing, deliver artificial respiration if necessary.
Skin Contact: Rinse with flowing water for at least 15 minutes, remove contaminated clothing.
Eye Contact: Flush with water for several minutes, never use any neutralizing solutions.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, seek medical attention right away. Provide water if victim is conscious.
Advice for Rescuers: Gloves, goggles, and N95 (or higher-level) masks, keeping exposure to a minimum.
Flammability: Not classed as flammable, but puts out toxic fumes when heated.
Firefighting Gear: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective clothing.
Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Never use water directly on burning product because of toxic runoff risks.
Risks at Fire: Antimony oxides released in smoke. Runoff may contaminate surrounding water and soil. Always isolate area, control runoff with sand or soil dikes.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel, wear gloves, goggles, and respirator. Work in a well-ventilated area.
Cleanup: Scoop up solids with non-sparking tools, avoid dust. Seal waste in labeled containers for disposal as hazardous material.
Environmental Protection: Block run-off from entering waterways or soil. Clean up spills fast to avoid extra contamination.
Decontamination: Wipe surfaces with wet rags and an appropriate chemical detergent.
Safe Handling: Never eat, drink, or smoke while handling. Avoid touching face or exposed skin. Keep packaging sealed to avoid moisture and dust formation.
Storage: Use dry, well-ventilated space, away from incompatible substances like strong acids, oxidizers, and ammonia. Keep out of reach of children and locked when possible.
Labeling: Clear hazard markings, including health and environmental risks.
Segregation: Do not store near food, feed, or drinking water due to high toxicity.
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne levels below exposure limits.
PPE: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile recommended), goggles, lab coat, respirator if dust or aerosol can form.
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, launder clothing separately.
Exposure Limits: OSHA and ACGIH set limits for antimony compounds, usually around 0.5 mg/m3 in workplace air.
Appearance: White, crystalline, odorless solid.
Melting Point: Above 100°C (decomposes before melting).
Solubility: Readily dissolves in water; the solution is acidic.
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature.
Other Notables: Stable under normal conditions but may release tartaric acid smell if breaks down.
Stability: Stays intact if dry and at ordinary temperatures. Decomposes on exposure to moisture or strong acids.
Reactivity: Can react violently with reducing agents. Avoid mixing with strong acids or bases.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Antimony oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide given off during thermal decomposition.
Polymerization: Does not polymerize or form other runaway reactions.
Routes of Entry: Can be absorbed through mouth, nose, or broken skin.
Symptoms: Vomiting, diarrhea, muscle pain, cramps. Prolonged skin contact leads to dermatitis, eye contact brings redness and swelling.
Systemic Effects: High doses disrupt heart rhythm, damage hepatic and renal systems. Known to cause sudden collapse if abused.
Carcinogenicity: Some studies link chronic exposure with lung and heart tumors in animals; agencies rate antimony compounds as possible carcinogens.
Target Organs: Liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system.
Aquatic Toxicity: Deadly to fish and aquatic plants at low concentrations. Persists in soil and water, accumulating in sediments.
Soil Mobility: Moves through water in soil, potentially contaminating groundwater. Poorly breaks down in the environment.
Bioaccumulation: Builds up in aquatic organisms and food chains. Birds and mammals at risk from contaminated sources.
Environmental Concerns: Even trace contamination presents hazards to ecosystems.
Waste Handling: Collect all waste, including disposable gloves and cleanup materials, in leakproof containers.
Disposal Method: Incinerate at licensed hazardous waste facilities or use high-temperature treatments under regulated conditions.
Prohibition: Do not dump in normal trash, sewers, or open landfills.
Documentation: Record quantities and ensure handlers are informed about the risks.
Classification: Listed as hazardous for transport. Requires clear labels and secure packaging that prevents release.
Handling: Keep upright, avoid shock or vibration, and do not expose to moisture during transport.
Regulatory Marks: Clearly state hazardous nature, poisonous substance, and any other required labels for international or domestic shipping.
Spillage Response En Route: Emergency kits and cleanup materials carried alongside in transport vehicles.
Status: Antimony-based compounds regulated in workplaces and during waste disposal.
Restrictions: Targeted under hazardous substance rules, often falling under local and national poison regulations.
Reporting: Facilities storing it above threshold amounts may be required to notify authorities.
Worker Training: Strict rules about training and exposure monitoring for people involved in production, use, or disposal.
