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Product Name: Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer
Recommended Use: Nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture, horticulture, and landscaping
Chemical Formula: NH4NO3
Common Synonyms: Nitric acid ammonium salt, AN fertilizer
Supplier Information: Name, address, emergency telephone number, and general contact details for the manufacturer or distributor provided directly on packaging and documentation
UN Number: 1942
Product Code: Refer to supplier batch and lot numbers listed on shipping documents
GHS Classification: Oxidizer (Category 3), Eye Irritant (Category 2A)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: May intensify fire; oxidizer. Causes serious eye irritation. Exposure to high temperatures or contaminants increases risk of decomposition or explosion. Dust or fines can increase hazard in confined spaces. Presents enhanced fire and explosion risks if contaminated with organic materials, petrol, diesel, oil, or combustibles.
Pictograms: Flame over circle, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Store away from combustibles and ignition sources. Avoid dust generation and avoid mixing with any organic or readily oxidizable materials. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
Chemical Name: Ammonium Nitrate
CAS Number: 6484-52-2
Concentration: ≥99.6% by weight
Impurities: Combustible material ≤0.4%. Typical trace inorganics include potassium, magnesium, sodium, or calcium (<1%). No hazardous stabilizers or major impurities intentionally present.
Other Ingredients: None. Product is a pure substance as per label.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Keep at rest. If breathing becomes difficult, get immediate medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. If irritation or rash develops, seek medical assistance.
Eye Contact: Rinse with water carefully for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing until foreign material is gone. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with clean water. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical professionals. Seek medical attention immediately.
Advice for Medical Staff: Provide symptomatic and supportive care. Ensure airway, breathing, and circulation are maintained. Oxygen administration may be necessary for significant inhalation or ingestion.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray or water fog in large quantities. Use only water for fires involving ammonium nitrate. Avoid using foam or extinguishers containing carbon compounds, as these can react dangerously.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, or foam are not recommended. Sand or earth may not effectively stop oxidizer-driven combustion.
Specific Hazards: Strong oxidizer. Can intensify fire in contact with combustibles. Thermal decomposition releases toxic nitrogen oxides and ammonia vapors. Contamination with oil, acids, or combustible matter increases hazard.
Special Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Approach upwind and prevent exposure to decomposition fumes.
Firefighting Instructions: Remove unaffected containers from fire zone if it can be done safely. Cool containers with copious amounts of water. Avoid runoff to watercourses and drains.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Avoid dust formation. Wear dust mask, safety goggles, gloves, and chemical protective clothing.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering waterways, drains, or soil. Notify authorities if large spill contaminates water or land.
Cleanup Procedures: Use clean, non-sparking, explosion-proof tools to sweep or shovel spilled material into clean, dry containers. Avoid contamination with other substances, especially organic or flammable materials. Clean residue with large amounts of water. Dispose of waste as required by regulations. Do not return spilled material to storage containers.
Handling: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and sources of ignition. Avoid contamination with organic materials, acids, or other incompatible chemicals. Handle with clean, dry equipment and tools. Always minimize dust and avoid ingestion or inhalation.
Storage: Store in well-ventilated, dry, cool locations away from sunlight and direct heat. Keep clear of combustibles, including wood, oils, solvents, and flammable chemicals. Store in containers approved for oxidizers with proper labels. Avoid stacking bags/pallets above designated heights to prevent collapse. Do not reuse empty containers for any other purpose.
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limit (OEL) for ammonium nitrate. Adopt workplace dust Exposure limit for nuisance dust (generally 10 mg/m3 total inhalable, 5 mg/m3 respirable, consult local guidelines).
Engineering Controls: Use enclosed systems, local exhaust ventilation, or containment to reduce dust exposure. Maintain clean work areas to prevent build-up.
PPE: Wear safety glasses or goggles. Use appropriate chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, PVC). Where risk of dust or prolonged exposure exists, wear dust mask or respirator (P2 or N95 rated). Wear long sleeves and trousers. Wash hands before breaks and after handling.
Hygiene: No eating, drinking, or smoking in work area. Wash thoroughly after handling.
Environmental Controls: Prevent fugitive dust emissions and runoff to drains.
State: Solid, typically white, crystalline granules or prills
Odor: Odorless
pH (10% solution): 4.5 – 6.0
Melting Point: 169–170°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility in Water: 119 g/100 mL at 25°C (very soluble)
Relative Density: 1.72 at 20°C
Bulk Density: 0.8 – 1.1 g/cm3 (varies by granule size)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable (negligible at ambient temperatures)
Flash Point: Not flammable
Explosion Properties: Not explosive under normal conditions. Risk increases with contamination or confinement.
Oxidizer: Strong oxidizing properties
Decomposition Temperature: Over 210°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions. Susceptible to decomposition if heated, contaminated, or exposed to acidic or alkaline substances.
Thermal Decomposition: Decomposes at high temperatures releasing toxic nitrous oxide, ammonia, and nitric acid fumes.
Reactivity: Incompatible with reducing agents, acids, organic matter, chlorates, metal powders, finely divided combustibles, alkalis, and sulfur.
Polymerization: Will not occur.
Hazardous Reactions: Mixtures with organic or flammable materials, or strong acids, may result in violent decomposition, fire, or explosion.
Container Materials: Store only in containers made of materials suitable for oxidizing agents.
Acute Toxicity: Low oral and dermal toxicity. Typical LD50 (oral, rat): 2,950 mg/kg.
Irritation: May cause irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, especially in dust form.
Sensitization: Not expected to cause skin sensitization.
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated inhalation of dust may cause respiratory irritation or aggravate conditions such as asthma.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, OSHA, or NTP.
Mutagenicity: Not known to cause mutations.
Reproductive Toxicity: No reproductive effects reported in standard use.
Other Effects: Large oral ingestion may cause gastrointestinal upset, headache, dizziness, methemoglobinemia (“blue baby” syndrome) in infants if contaminated drinking water leads to excess nitrate exposure. Professional medical review recommended in all cases of large exposure.
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Can contribute to eutrophication in aquatic environments. High concentrations may harm fish and invertebrate populations.
Persistence and Degradability: Rapidly dissociates in water to nitrate and ammonium ions, which are naturally present in the environment.
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate. Both ammonium and nitrate are readily absorbed by plants and microorganisms.
Mobility in Soil: Very high; leaches easily through soils into groundwater.
Other Adverse Effects: Overuse or accidental release leads to nutrient pollution, algal blooms, and oxygen-depleted “dead zones” in water bodies. Safe agricultural practices and runoff controls reduce impact.
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of contaminated or excess fertilizer in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations. Uncontaminated product may be used as fertilizer where permitted. Do not allow product to reach waterways, drains, or areas at risk for leaching into groundwater.
Empty Containers: Fully empty bags or containers can be recycled or disposed of in accordance with local laws. Never reuse packaging for food, feed, or drink.
Precautions: Never incinerate ammonium nitrate waste. Avoid mixing with household or municipal waste streams.
UN Number: 1942
UN Proper Shipping Name: Ammonium Nitrate
Transport Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizing agent)
Packing Group: III
Labeling: Oxidizer symbol required on packages and containers
Special Transport Precautions: Prevent fire/explosion hazard by keeping shipments separate from organic and flammable substances. Vehicles should be clean, dry, and free from combustibles.
Regulations: Comply with ADR/RID (Europe), IMDG (sea), IATA (air), and local transport guidelines for oxidizing agents. Keep shipment documentation accessible during transit.
Classification: Regulated as oxidizer under OSHA, US DOT, GHS, EU REACH, and comparable systems.
Inventory Status: Listed on major national and international chemical substance inventories (TSCA, EINECS, DSL, AICS, etc.).
Additional Regulatory Constraints: Subject to security and quantity restrictions above certain thresholds due to potential misuse in explosives.
Labeling Requirements: Ensure all primary and secondary containers are properly labeled. Provide safety data sheets to all end users.
Community Right to Know: Provides immediate hazard and safe handling information to first responders and emergency planning committees.
Worker Protections: Changing regulations under REACH (EU), OSHA (US), and many national guidelines apply to manufacturing, blending, and bulk transportation. Check for updates and local variations.
