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Substance: Amifostine Trihydrate
Chemical Name: S-2-(3-Aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic acid trihydrate
Common Use: Protective agent during chemotherapy
Molecular Formula: C5H21N2O3PS·3H2O
Appearance: Fine, white to off-white crystalline powder, faint odor
Hazard Class: Not classified as flammable, not considered explosive
Acute Effects: May cause irritation to eyes and skin; inhalation can trigger respiratory discomfort, coughing
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or frequent contact could increase risk of allergic reactions or dermatitis
Symptoms: Exposure often presents with nausea, mild dizziness, or headache if inhaled in concentrated settings
Main Component: Amifostine Trihydrate, over 97% purity
Impurities: Trace byproducts from manufacturing, present at levels less than 1%
Formulation: Does not contain binders, dyes, or preservatives used in food or cosmetic manufacturing
Skin Contact: Rinse skin promptly under running water, remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for minutes, keeping eyelids open
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek attention if discomfort continues
Ingestion: Seek immediate help from medical professionals, do not induce vomiting unless instructed by trained personnel
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical
Hazardous Combustion Products: Phosphorus oxides, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides possible
Recommendations: Firefighters should use protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
Personal Protection: Use gloves, goggles, and avoid inhalation of dust
Containment: Scoop up carefully to limit dust, avoid sweeping dry
Cleanup: Wipe residue from hard surfaces with damp towels, dispose of cleaning materials in approved containers
Environmental Spill: Keep out of drains or water supplies, collect and dispose of as hazardous chemical waste
Handling: Open containers in ventilated spaces, avoid rough handling to limit dust
Storage Conditions: Store in well-sealed containers away from sunlight and moisture, at temperatures below 25°C
Incompatibilities: Avoid acids and strong oxidizing agents to reduce risks of unwanted reactions
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods or localized exhaust systems
Personal Protective Equipment: Use nitrile gloves, chemical splash goggles, laboratory coats
Respiratory Protection: Use suitable respirators if dust is generated and ventilation is inadequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly before eating or drinking, remove work clothing before leaving the laboratory area
Physical State: Crystalline solid
Color: White to light beige
Melting Point: Between 225°C and 231°C (decomposition begins)
Solubility: Soluble in water, low solubility in most organic solvents
Odor: Slight, not pungent
pH (1% solution): Acidic, approximately 3.0 to 4.0
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Hazardous Reactions: Contact with strong oxidizers could lead to faster decomposition and off-gassing
Conditions to Avoid: Excess heat, exposure to moisture, contact with acids and bases
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Phosphine gas may emit if significant overheating or thermal decomposition occurs
Acute Toxicity: Data on ingestion in animal studies suggest LD50 values in the moderate toxicity range
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, dermal contact, ingestion
Irritation: Short, direct contact can irritate eyes, skin, upper respiratory tract
Carcinogenicity: Animal studies do not suggest a cancer risk from exposure; not listed by OSHA or IARC as a carcinogen
Allergic Reactions: Occupational exposure could trigger skin sensitivity in predisposed individuals
Environmental Fate: Breaks down in the environment through hydrolysis
Aquatic Toxicity: Not acutely toxic to aquatic organisms in low concentrations
Soil Impact: Rapid breakdown in moist soils, low risk of bioaccumulation
Mobility: Moves readily in water following spills, should not discharge in natural water sources to avoid localized contamination
Waste Disposal Method: Dispose as hazardous waste through appropriately licensed incineration or landfilling processes
Packaging Disposal: Rinse empty, contaminated packaging with water before discarding via hazardous waste protocols
Regional Restrictions: National and local chemical waste rules set requirements for disposal; follow site-specific recommendations for final handling
UN Classification: Not classified as dangerous goods under common global transport codes
Transport Requirements: Keep tightly capped, shielded from physical damage and intense heat
Labeling: Mark containers with chemical name and hazard identification, use secondary containment for bulk shipments
Special Precautions: Avoid transport alongside reactive chemicals such as strong acids or oxidizing agents
World Health Standards: Accepted as a prescription-only medicine regulated under national health agencies
Chemical Safety Reports: Retain documentation of all handling, storage, and disposal activities
Worker Protection: Follow workplace chemical rules and health monitoring procedures prescribed for handling cytoprotective agents
Regulatory Status: Controlled by specific medicinal product regulations and local workplace chemical safety legislation
